symbiosis industriel cooperation by director gino tammaro · novo industri farms fish farm asnæs...

The Symbiosis Activities Kalundborg Symbiosis Institute 1

SYMBIOSISINDUSTRIEL COOPERATION

byDirector Gino Tammaro


Symbiosis in Denmark

Copenhagen

Kalundborg


Kalundborg Symbiosis


THE INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS

The Industrial Symbiosis at Kalundborg is a resource and environmental network, consisting of twenty-some bilateral, commercial agreements between five industries, two waste handling companies and the utilities department of the municipality.


Asnæs Power Station

Production ofelectricity andheat

250 employees

Denmark’slargest powerstation


Statoil Refinery

Production ofgasoline andother oil-basedproducts

330 employees

Denmark’slargest oilrefinery


NOVO NORDISK A/S

NOVOZYMES A/SProduction of industrial enzymes

NOVO NORDISK A/SProduction of insuline etc.

Altogether>4000

employees


Gyproc

Production ofplaster boards.

165 employees


RGS 90

Remediation of250.000 tons oil and metalpolluted soil per year.

65 employees


KARA/NOVEREN

Waste handlingcompany, ownedby 9 municipalities.

Handles 350,000 tonswaste annually,recycles 82%


Kalundborg Community

Distribution ofwater and energy

Population: 49,000(the town: 20,000)


Symbiosis Projects

Three types of projects:

Recycling of water: 12 ProjectsExchange of energy: 6 ProjectsRecycling of waste products: 8 Projects

+ a special project: The Symbiosis Institute


ENERGY EXCHANGE

SoilremLakeTissø

Novozymes

Novo Nordisk

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station

The Municipalityof Kalundborg

Gyproc

StatoilRefinery

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992

7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


WATER PROJECTS

SoilremLakeTissø

Novozymes

Novo Nordisk

AsnæsPower Station


Re-usebasin

Gyproc

StatoilRefinery

10 Surface water 1987

11 Coolingwater 1987

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

18 Drain water 1995

Waste water treatment

21 Deionized water 2002

Purifica-tion

of water22Water200424 Sea water 2007


(SOLID) WASTE EXCHANGES

The Symbiosis Institute1996

SoilremLakeTissø

Novozymes

Novo Nordisk

Farms

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery

12Yeastslurry

1989

4Biomass/NovoGro1976

13 Sulphur 1990Fertilizer 2001

5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

19 Sludge1998


20Fly

Ash1999

Collaboration with Noveren

Recovery of nickeland vanadium

Pig farms

23Alko-holicresidue


Symbiosis Projects 2008


CHRONOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ´1970 1980 1990 20001960

Tissø wate

r

Gas

The Symbiosis Institute The name ”Industrial Symbiosis”


INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS: STATUS 1960

LakeTissø

AsnæsPower Station




LakeTissø

AsnæsPower Station


VeedolRefinery




LakeTissø

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Novo IndustriEssoRefinery

2Gas

1972




LakeTissø

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Novo IndustriEssoRefinery

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973



LakeTissø

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Novo Industri

Farms

EssoRefinery

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973

4Biomass

1976



LakeTissø

AsnæsPower Station


GyprocCementindustry

Novo Industri

Farms

EssoRefinery

5 Fly ash1979

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973

4Biomass

1976



LakeTissø

Novo Industri

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station



EssoRefinery

4Biomass

1976

5 Fly ash1979

6 Heat1980

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973



LakeTissø

Novo Industri

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station



EssoRefinery

4Biomass

1976

5 Fly ash1979

7Heat1981

6 Heat1980

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973



LakeTissø

Novo Industri

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station



EssoRefinery

4Biomass

1976

5 Fly ash1979

7Heat1981

6 Heat1980

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973



LakeTissø

Novo Industri

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station



StatoilRefinery

4Biomass

1976

5 Fly ash1979

9 Steam 1982

7Heat1981

6 Heat1980

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973



LakeTissø

Novo Industri

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station



StatoilRefinery


4Biomass

1976

5 Fly ash1979

9 Steam 198211 Coolingwater 1987

7Heat1981

6 Heat1980

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973



LakeTissø

Novo Industri

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station



StatoilRefinery


4Biomass

1976

5 Fly ash1979


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973



LakeTissø

Novo Industri

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station



StatoilRefinery


4Biomass

1976

5 Fly ash1979


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973



LakeTissø

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station



StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989

4Biomass

1976

5 Fly ash1979


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973

Pig farms



LakeTissø

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989


13 Sulphur 1990

5 Fly ash1979


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973

Pig farms



LakeTissø

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989


13 Sulphur 1990

5 Fly ash1979


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

Pig farms



LakeTissø

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989


13 Sulphur 1990

5 Fly ash1979

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

Pig farms



LakeTissø

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989


13 Sulphur 1990

5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991


Pig farms



LakeTissø

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989


13 Sulphur 1990

5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991


Pig farms



LakeTissø

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Re-usebasin

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989


13 Sulphur 1990

5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

18 Drain water 1995


Pig farms




SoilremLakeTissø

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Re-usebasin

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989


13 Sulphur 1990

5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972

19 Sludge

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

18 Drain water 1995

1998Waste water

treatment

Pig farms




SoilremLakeTissø

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Re-usebasin

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989


13 Sulphur 1990

5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972

19 Sludge

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

18 Drain water 1995

1998Waste water

treatment

20Fly

Ash2000



Pig farms




SoilremLakeTissø

Novozymes

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Re-usebasin

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989


13 Sulphur 1990

5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972

19 Sludge

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

18 Drain water 1995

1998Waste water

treatment

20Fly

Ash2000



Pig farms




SoilremLakeTissø

Novozymes

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Re-usebasin

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989



5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972

19 Sludge

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

18 Drain water 1995

1998Waste water

treatment

20Fly

Ash1999




Pig farms




SoilremLakeTissø

Novozymes

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Re-usebasin

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989



5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972

19 Sludge

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

18 Drain water 1995

1998Waste water

treatment

20Fly

Ash1999



Purifica-tion

of water22Water2004


Pig farms




SoilremLakeTissø

Novozymes

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Re-usebasin

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989



5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972

19 Sludge

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

18 Drain water 1995

1998Waste water

treatment

20Fly

Ash1999



Purifica-tion

of water22Water2004


Pig farms

23Alko-holicResidue2006




RSG 90LakeTissø

Novozymes

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Re-usebasin

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989



5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972

19 Sludge

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

18 Drain water 1995

1998Waste water

treatment

20Fly

Ash1999

Collaboration with KARA/Noveren


Purifica-tion



Pig farms



TOTAL SYMBIOSIS SYSTEM 2007


RSG 90LakeTissø

Novozymes

Novo Nordisk

Farms

Fish farm

AsnæsPower Station


Gyproc

Fertilizer industry

Re-usebasin

Cementindustry

StatoilRefinery


12Yeastslurry1989



5 Fly ash1979

16 Gypsum 1993

9 Steam 1982

15 Gas 1992


7Heat1981

6 Heat1980/89

8 Steam 1982

2Gas

1972

19 Sludge

17 Waste water 1995


3Surface

water1973

14 Tech.water 1991

18 Drain water 1995

1998Waste water

treatment

20Fly

Ash1999

Collaboration with KARA/Noveren


Purifica-tion



Pig farms



WHY KALUNDBORG?

• The industrial potential existed:Several large industriesLimited physical distances”A good fit”

• The economic incentive existed• There were no legal barriers• The communication was good


Industrial Symbiosis

What has been achieved?

• Environmental aspects

• Economic aspects

• Social aspects


Environmental aspect

Resource savings.

Examples:• Ground water …………….... 1,9 mill. m3/year• Surface water ……………… 1,0 mill. m3/year• Natural gypsum ……………. 200,000 tonnes/year• Oil ………………………………20,000 tonnes/year

Reduction of emissions to water and air. E.g. 240.000 t CO2 per year.


Economic aspects

Economic Results (as of 1998):

Total investments in 18 projects: ~ 75 mio. US$

Annual savings: > 15 mio. US$

Total savings until 1998: ~ 160 mio. US$

The economic results is much better to-day!


The Industrial Symbiosis

Lessons to be learned from Kalundborg:

• The Kalundborg I.S. is a spontaneously developed network, - a bottom-up, not a top-down phenomenon.

• Economy was the initial incentive, - environmental idealism came later.

• Communication is more important than technology.• Kalundborg has been used as a model for other IS

projects.


Industrial Symbiosis

Industrial Symbiosis was relatively new in the 1960-ties and is common know-ledge to-day.

The systematic use of the Industrial Symbiosis concept as i Kalundborg has been exported/copied in other countries and industrial parks, but is still not common practise in industrial parks.


Industrial Park Development

Advantages of the Industrial Symbiosis approach:

• Common values for all participants• Share facilities (power, water, waste water, solid

waste)• Share experiences and R&D capacity• Common reputation higher responsibilities• A tool for regional development


Industrial Symbiosis in other countries

• Europoort in Rotterdam, initiated 1994 • Puerto Rico, ~2002 • China, Korea and other countries - numerous “Eco-

industrial parks”, 2001 onw. • NISP, United Kingdom, 2003 onw. – a national

approach


What makes Industrial Symbiosis a success?

What is needed to implement, successfully,symbiosis among private industries?

• Awareness

• Willingness

• Feasibility


Lessons learnt

Systems makes it possible –

People makes it happen!


How to avoid failures?

• Communication among the partners is the key to success. Get the potential partners on speaking terms from the very beginning.

• Create ownership to the Symbiosis among the partners. Let the technical planning be done by the people in the industries, not by government or consultants.

• Bottom-up versus Top-down methods. Top-down approaches tend to create resistance, but may be necessary to initiate actions.


Thank you!

The Industrial Symbiosis 8 In cooperation with nature

symbiosis industriel cooperation by director gino tammaro · novo industri farms fish farm asnæs...

Documents