synthetic dyeing of indigenous fibers

8/9/2019 Synthetic Dyeing of Indigenous Fibers

1/22

Seminar/Workshop on

Synthetic and NaturalDyeing of Indigenous

Fibers


2/22

Technical Services Division

Philippine Textile Research Institute

Department of Science and Technology

MANDATE

Conduct applied research and development for thetextile and allied industries

Undertake the transfer of completed researches toend-users or via linkage units of other governmentagencies

Undertake technical services and provide trainingprograms


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Activities

1st Part - Scouring/Bleaching of Fibers

2nd Part - Dyeing of Fibers

3rd Part Natural Dyeing


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What is Scouring?

- Process of cleaning the fibers by removing theIMPURITIES that can subsequently interfere with thedyeing process.

Indigenous Fiber

Scouring

Scoured

Indigenous Fiber


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What is Bleaching?

- Removal of the natural coloring matter on thematerial and renders the fibers white.

Why is Bleaching Important?- To hasten dye absorption.

- To be able to produce pastel shades.


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How to do scouring/bleaching?

1. Weigh fibers2. Compute for the volume of water using liquor ratio (LR)

1:503. Compute and weigh chemicals needed:

Hydrogen peroxide, 50% - 9 g/LSodium silicate-2 g/LSoda ash-2 g/L

Detergent-0.5 g/L

4. Boil the computed volume of water5. Add soda ash, sodium silicate, detergent and

fiber/material.6. Add the fibers and hydrogen peroxide when the solution

boils.7. Boil for 30 - 45 minutes.8. Drain, wash and prepare neutralization.


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Neutralization:

1. Measure the same amount of water using liquorratio (LR) 1:50, 1:20 or 1:30.

2. Add 2 ml/L glacial acetic acid and mixthoroughly, then add scoured/bleached material.

3. Soak for 20 minutes at room temperature.

4. Drain the solution, wash and dry the material.


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Sample Calculation for(Scouring/Bleaching)

Weight of material = 5 kilograms

Liquor ratio (LR) = 1:20 (liters-kilograms)Volume of water = wt of materials x LR

= 5 kg x 20 L/kg

= 100 liters

Weight of hydrogen peroxide = 9 g/Liter x 100 Liters

= 900 grams

Weight of soda ash = 2 grams/Liter x 100 liters

= 200 grams

Weight of sodium silicate = 2 grams/Liter x 100 liters

= 200 grams

Weight of non-ionic = 0.5 grams/Liter x 100 liters

= 50 grams

Volume of acetic acid = 2 ml/L x 100 liters

= 200 ml


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Flow Process

Water LR 1:50 Rinse 3x

Sodium Silicate, SodaAsh, Non-ionic Detergent

Indigenous Fibers At boil for 30-45min, HydrogenPeroxide, 50%

Neutralization:

2 mL/L glacial acetic acid

bleached fibers

20 min at room temperature

Rinse, dry


10/22

What is Dyeing?

- Dyeing is the process of imparting color on the fibers.

Scoured/Bleached

Indigenous Fiber

Dyeing (withblue dye)

Dyed

Fibers


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Purpose of Dyeing

To impart attractive hue on the material

To enhance the aesthetic quality of material

To increase the value or cost

To cope up with the growing demand of fashion

To survive in the growing competition in the

global market.


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How to do Basic Dyeing?

Weigh fibers/material

Compute volume of water using the liquor ratio of

1:20, 1:30 or 1:50.

Compute and measure the amount of other chemicals needed

Recipe:

Basic dye-x% (weight of fiber/material) pasted

with equal amount of 40% acetic acidGlaubers salt (Sodium Sulfate)- 10 g/L

Glacial Acetic Acid 2 ml/L


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Measure amount of water needed.

Add glacial acetic acid. Soak material in the solution for 10minutes

Add pre-dissolved dye. Stir.

Bring the solution to boil.

Add pre-dissolved glaubers or common salt. Maintain the

boiling temperature for 30-45 minutes.

Drain, wash, rinse until water is clear. Air dry

Note: To have a level dyeing or to avoid uneven dyeing, take out the

material in every addition of dyes or chemical


14/22

Sample Calculation for Production(Basic Dyeing)

Weight of material = 5 kilograms

Liquor ratio (LR) = 1:20 (kilograms-liter)

Volume of water = wt of materials x LR

= 5 kg x 20 kg/L

= 100 liters

Weight of glaubers salt = 10 g/Liter x 100 Liters

= 1000 grams

Weight of glacial acetic acid = 2 ml//Liter x 100 liters

= 200 ml

Weight of dye (2.5%) = 2.5%/100 x 5000 grams

= 125 grams

Weight of 40% acetic acid = 125 grams


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Flow Process for Basic Dyeing

Water (LR 1:50)glacial acetic acidto pH 4-5indigenous fibers

Rinse (3x)

30-45 min at boil

10 min

dyestuff

Glaubers salt


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What is Color matching

Color matching is the system wherein you canformulate shade/s by using small quantities of

sample/s by using the trial and error method inobtaining the desired shade/s.


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To visualize color shades here are some colorcombinations to consider:

From Primary Colors

+

+

+

red

red

blue

blue

yellow

yellow

violet

orange

green

To Secondary Colors

Note that in this particular color combinations there is NO Specific Percentage of each color.


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Procedures on Color matching:

1. Prepare stock solutions of dyestuffs to be used for Colormatching (example: 1% stock solution means: 1gram ofdyestuff to be dissolve in 100 ml water).

2. Prepare several samples for color matching from the materialsto be used in dyeing or production.

3. Compute for the auxiliaries and dyestuffs in accordance toformula given for each color of the desired shade.

4. Compute volume of water sing liquor ratio (LR) 1:100.

5. Measure volume of computed dyestuffs from the stock solutionusing pipettes.


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6. Add volume of measured dyestuffs and subtract it from thecomputed volume of water.

7. Proceed to dyeing process.

After drying, compare results with swatch.

1. Repeat trials of adjustment of one dyestuff after the otheruntil such time result will be the same with the desired shade.

2. Final recipe must be filled for references.


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Sample Calculation for Color matching

Example : Apple Green

Use : Stock solution 1.0% each dyes

Weight of sample 10 grams

Liquor ratio 1:100

Recipe : Astrazon Blue A-BG 0.10%

Astrazon Yellow A-8GL 0.50%


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Computations : Blue 0.10%/100% x wt. Sample x stock solutiontherefore 0.001 x 10 gms x 100 ml water/1 gm

blue dye

= 1 ml

Yellow 0.50%/100% x 10 gms x 100 ml water/

1 gm yellow dye

= 5 ml

Total Dyestuffs : 6 mlVolume : 100 ml 6 ml

= 94 ml (actual volume of water)


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ThankThankYouYouThankThankYouYouOffice : Department of Science and

Technology Philippine TextileResearch Institute

Telefax : 837-1325; 837-1338; 837-1157

URL : http://www.ptri.dost.gov.phEmail : [email protected]

Address: Gen. Santos Avenue, Bicutan,Taguig, Metro Manila

synthetic dyeing of indigenous fibers

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