system level preliminary design review friday, january 15, 2010 10:30am – 12:00pm
TRANSCRIPT
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System Level Preliminary Design ReviewFriday, January 15, 201010:30am – 12:00pm
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Dept of Mechanical Engineering Christopher Brol (Team Lead) Aaron Dibble Ian Donahue Kevin Molocznik
Dept of Industrial Engineering Neal McKimpson
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WHO estimates more than 3 billion people rely on biomass fuels
NGO partnership with Haiti Outreach-Pwoje Espwa
Funded by EPA P3 Energy Research Grant
Develop a biomass stove with focus on improved combustion efficiency
Image ref: Than, Ker. "Haiti Earthquake, Deforestation Heighten Landslide Risk." National Geographic Daily News. N.p., Jan.-Feb. 2010. Web. 14 Jan. 2010. <http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/01/100114-haiti-earthquake-landslides/>.
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Mission Develop a stove design that has been
optimized in such a way that it will see a significant reduction in fuel consumption and reduction in emissions, in comparison with current stoves
Considerable application of engineering principles in fluid mechanics and heat transfer
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Subsystem #2Combustion
Process
Kevin Molocznik
Subsystem #1Structural Design
Aaron Dibble
Subsystem #3Thermo/Fluids
Analysis
Ian Donahue
Subsystem #4Sustainability
Neal McKimpson
Project Manager
Chris Brol
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Customer Need # Importance Description Comments/Status
CN1 14% The stove reduces hazardous emissions
CN2 12% The stove consumes 1/2 the fuel of traditional stoves Need benchmark
CN3 12% The stove accomodates Haitian vendor cookware Approx. range of pot sizes
CN4 10% The stove reduces the boiling/cooking time of traditional stoves Need benchmark
CN5 9% The stove is stable during operation
CN6 9% The stove is affordable to Haitian vendors
CN7 8% The stove is simple and intuitive to use
CN8 7% The stove conforms to Haitian cooking standards
CN9 5% The outer surface of the stove is cool-to-touch
CN10 4% The stove can be manufactured using local materials
CN11 4% The stove can be maintained/repaired using readily available resources
CN12 4% The stove is as durable as traditional stoves
CN13 1% The stove can be transported like a traditional vendor stove Multiple pieces?
CN14 < 1% The user can control the heat/flame intensity Interface w/ P10462
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Engr. Spec. # Source Specification (description) Unit of Measure Marginal Value Ideal Value Comments/Status
ES1 CN10, CN11 Number of total pieces # Minimize
ES2 CN10, CN11 Number of removable components # Minimize
ES3 CN6 Cost of final system $ Minimize Payment plan is possible
ES4 Size of final stove m, m2, m3
ES5 CN3 Range of pot sizes m 8in-18in Applicable to vendor pot sizes
ES6 Airflow through stove ccm Maximize
ES7 Pressure rise through stove Pa How to test/define this?
ES8 Temperature difference through stove °C Finite element analysis
ES9 CN12 Lifetime of stove years >3 Maximize
ES10 Pieces of documentation # Maximize
ES11 Range of heat output J Interface w/ P10451
ES12 Ambient operating temperature °C
ES13 CN4, CN8 Time to cook typical Haitian meal min:sec Defined from Haiti contacts
ES14 CN4, CN8 Minimum required run time for the stove min:sec
ES15 CN1 Hazardous emissions (particulates) mg 1000-2000 1500 Interface w/ P10451
ES16 CN1 Emissions (CO2, CO) mg 0-500 250 Interface w/ P10451
ES17 CN1 Hazardous emissions (hydrocarbons) mg Interface w/ P10451
ES18 CN1 NOx emissions mg Interface w/ P10451
ES19 CN4, CN8 Average startup/prep. Time min:sec
ES20 CN5 Side-force to tip stove N Maximize
ES21 CN5 Top/load force to collapse/destabilize N Maximize
ES22 CN9 Maximum temperature of outside surface during operation °C Minimize
ES23 CN2 Fuel consumption kg Minimize Interface w/ P10451 (WBT, CCT)
ES24 CN13 System portability Y/N
ES25 Size of fan and thermo-electric module m, m2, m3 Interface w/ P10462
ES26 Overall stove sustainability eco-points Minimize Environmental impact of materials & process
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Reduce Thermal Losses
Cook Food
Load Fuel
Transfer Heat to
Pot
Burn Fuel
Hold Pot
Intensity of Heat Generat
ed
Control Combustion Rate
Clean
Burn
Efficient Burn
Support Weight of
Pot
Flame Size
Stable to
Tipping
Conductive Losses
Convective Losses
Clean Emissions
Optimal Air/Fuel Ratio
Temperature of Pot Holder
Heat FlowMaterials
Used
Store Fuel
Support
Weight of Fuel
Area Large Enough for Fuel
Optimize Air Flow
Air Hole Placemen
t
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Stove
Shell
Combustion
Fuel
Air
Ignition
HeatHeat
EmissionsEmissions
Pot HolderPower/Fan/T.E.
(P10462)
Air Flow
Pot Weight
Heat
Space Constraint
Pot
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Greatly reduces emissions
May burn equally as well as TLUD provided charcoal is only fuel used
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Insulated chimney creates an up-draft to burn hotter and cleaner
Flame/heat control through addition/removal of fuel
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2 stage combustion
Gasification-to-Combustion
Fan greatly improves combustion
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Uses fan to push air in from the side
Power-supply and fan could be contained within a housing
Requires insulating material
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Uses chimney effect to burn up bad emissions
No fan is needed
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Uses chimney effect to burn up bad emissions
No fan is needed
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2 stage combustion
Gasification-to-Combustion
Fan greatly improves combustion
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