THIS WEEK

4 day week this week—3 day week next week!!! T- Renaissance Man W/TR- Renaissance men/artists F- Northern Renaissance

NEW: Notes MAX one page, front/back All together so you do not lose them More activities to do with partners

Expectations: Work hard, be respectful, complete assignments

http://www.youtube.com/user/historyteachers?v=7e2bA3tTYow&lr=1

WARM UP:

What do you know about the Renaissance?

Name an artist that you know from the Renaissance.

What would you like to learn about the Renaissance? Name two things.

ITALY: BIRTHPLACE OF THE RENAISSANCE

ENJOYING LIFE

During the late middle ages, Europe suffered from war and plague

Those who survived wanted to enjoy life

DOUBTS AND QUESTIONS

People start to question the Church which taught Christians to endure suffering to get to heaven

Start to question society which blocked social advancement

RENAISSANCE-”REBIRTH”

Between the years 1300-1600 there was an explosion of creativity in Europe

Historians call this period the Renaissance which means rebirth

In this case, a rebirth of art and learning

WHERE IT BEGAN

Renaissance began in northern Italy and later spread north- Florence

One reason Europe lagged behind is that France and England were locked in the Hundred Years’ War

ITALY’S ADVANTAGES Italy had 3 advantages that encouraged the

Renaissance:1. thriving cities2. a wealthy merchant class3. classical heritage of Greece and Rome

THRIVING CITIES The crusades spurred trade and growing

city-states in Italy Northern Italy was urban while the rest of

Europe was still rural Cities were places where people shared

ideas and intellectual growth occurred

THRIVING CITIES

Bubonic plague killed 60% of the population bringing economic changes

Survivors could demand higher wages with fewer workers

A smaller population shrank opportunities for business expansion

WEALTHY MERCHANT CLASS

Wealthy merchants began to pursue other interests like art

City-states like Milan and Florence collected own taxes and had its own armies

WEALTHY MERCHANT CLASS Merchants were the

wealthiest and most powerful class and dominated politics

Unlike nobles, merchants didn’t inherit social rank

Successfulness depended on own skills

Successful merchants believed they deserved power and wealth because they worked for it

CLASSICAL HERITAGE OF GREECE AND ROME Renaissance scholars

looked down on the arts of the Middle Ages

Wanted to return to the learning of the Greeks and Romans

Another reason the Renaissance began in Italy, artists drew inspirations from the ruins of Rome

Byzantine scholars brought ancient Greek manuscripts after the fall of Constantinople

THE MEDICI’S

The city of Florence came under power of the Medici family who made a fortune in banking

Cosimo Medici didn’t run for political office but controlled the government by giving loans to council members

His grandson, Lorenzo took power in 1469 after his grandfather died

ASSASSINATION PLOT A rival family was so

jealous of the power of the Medici’s, that they plotted to kill Lorenzo and his brother, Giuliano

As the Medici attended mass, assassins murdered his brother at the altar

Lorenzo escaped to a small room and held off attackers until help arrived

He had the killers brutally and publicly executed

HUMANISM

Scholars focused on human potential and achievements

Studied classical texts to understand Greek values instead of looking for Christian messages and values

Humanists made subjects like history, literature and philosophy popular

ENJOYMENT OF WORLDLY PLEASURES Some religious people

proved they were religious by wearing rough clothing and eating plain foods

Humanists suggested people could enjoy life without offending God

In Renaissance Italy, people enjoyed material luxuries, fine music and tasty foods

Most people remained devout Catholics, but the spirit of the Renaissance was secular- concern with here and now attitude

Lived in big mansions, wore expensive clothing, had big banquets

PATRONS OF THE ARTS

Renaissance popes beautified Rome by spending huge amounts of money for art

They became patrons of the arts by financially supporting artists

Medici’s had portraits made of themselves

THE RENAISSANCE MAN

All educated people were expected to create art

The ideal individual tried to master every area of study

Man who excelled in many fields was praised as a universal man- later called a Renaissance Man

THE ULTIMATE RENAISSANCE MAN

The book, The Courtier by Baldassare Catiglione taught how to become a Renaissance Man A young man should be charming, witty,

and well educated in the classics. He should dance, sing, play music and write poetry.

He should be a skilled rider, wrestler and swordsman.

Above all, he should have self control.

THE RENAISSANCE WOMAN

According to the same book, upper-class women should know the classics, be charming, inspire art, but rarely create it

Upper-class renaissance women were much more educated than the typical Middle Ages woman, but had less influence

LEONARDO DA VINCITH ULTIMATE Renaissance Man

A TURTLE….

LEONARDO DA VINCI

A true Renaissance Man Was a sculptor, painter,

inventor, and scientist Very interested in how things

worked Studied how muscles move,

veins in leafs Filled notebook with sketches

of new inventions- even had diagrams of flying machines

LEONARDO THE SCIENTIST

Studied many topics such as anatomy, zoology, botany, geology, optics, aerodynamics and hydrodynamics among others

He was fascinated by the study of physiognomy, the “science” of evaluating a person’s character by his or her facial features

Studied dead bodies to look at human form

LEONARDO THE ARTIST

Leonardo’s desire to paint things realistically was bold

Went beyond his teaching by making a scientific study of light and shadow in nature

Objects were not comprised of outlines, but were actually 3-D bodies defined by light and shadow

Known as chiaroscuro, this technique gave his paintings the soft, lifelike quality that made older paintings look “cartoony” and flat

MYSTERY OF THE MONA LISA

He recorded in his notebooks the records of model sittings; but records of the Mona Lisa model sitting are nowhere to be found

Theories are that Leonardo painted himself, and this theory is supported by analyzing the facial features of Leonardo’s face and that of the famous painting

If the features of the face were placed on top of each other, and flipped, they would align perfectly

LEONARDO THE INVENTOR

Adapted drawing skills to the more lucrative fields of architecture, military engineering, canal building and weapons design

Leonardo wanted to create "new machines" for a "new world“

Based on the gear, he came up with loads of different ideas, including the bicycle, a helicopter, an “auto-mobile”, and many military weapons Leonardo’s first idea for a catapult

LEONARDO’S HELICOPTER

THE FIRST TANK

“LEO-CHUTE”

DIVING DURING THE RENAISSANCE?

THE WATER LIFT

This invention consists of a water wheel, two screws and two towers

As the water wheel turns, the screws turn, pushing the water up to the highest tower

The tall tower acts as a reservoir for gravity fed water pipes

THE MACHINE GUN

This machine actually consisted of three sets of machine guns, set on a rotating drum

When the first set is fired, the force of the explosion would pivot the guns down, bringing the next set of guns to the top, ready to be fired.

THE THREAD CUTTER This machine cuts the

threads of screws A bar, the one to have

the thread cut into it, would be laid in between the two screws.

As the cranks on the end of the table were turned, the cutting blade would be carried down the two screws, creating an even groove to be used for screws, bolts, etc.

RENAISSANCE MAN?

How was Leonardo Da Vinci like a Renaissance man?

LEARNING GOAL: COURTIER ACTIVITY

To understand the attributes necessary to be a proper Renaissance man.

THE COURTIER ACTIVITY

Part I-Today Part II- Wednesday/Thursday

Directions: Baldassare Castiglione wrote The Courtier, a

book describing life in the royal court. A Whole generation of young courtiers diligently followed his advice.

Read the handout and outline at least 10 attributes of a proper Renaissance man.

Tomorrow we will work on part II.

WEDNESDAY/THURSDAY NOVEMBER 14/15TH

To do today: Pass out tests Go over part II of activity

Have 30 minutes to begin it Assembly Go over Renaissance artists

Video Go over Renaissance writers

Assignment to do

Tomorrow is Friday!!!!

WARM UP:

Name five characteristics of a Renaissance Man.

How is Leonardo Da Vinci like a Renaissance Man?

DAY TWO: RENAISSANCE REVOLUTIONIZES ART

LEARNING GOAL: COURTIER ACTIVITY

To understand the attributes necessary to be a proper MODERN Renaissance man.

PART II: MODERN RENAISSANCE MAN

Part I: Question: What characteristics, values and ideals in our

contemporary society would be valued today that might be used to determine whether someone would be considered a modern “Renaissance Man or Woman”? Name five things.

DUE FRIDAY FOR HOMEWORK 15 minutes to brainstorm right now Part II: Task: Think of a person you know, famous or not, that would

be considered a Renaissance man or woman. Requirements- 1.Print out the picture OR draw a picture of your chosen

candidate. Staple it to this sheet. 2.On a separate sheet of paper, write one paragraph

describing the personality traits of your person 3.Then, write one paragraph to connect their traits to the

16th century description of an ideal “Renaissance Man/Women”. How do they display these traits? Give specific examples from The Courtier on how they personify the ideal qualities.

RENAISSANCE REVOLUTIONIZES ART

RENAISSANCE REVOLUTIONIZES ART

Artistic styles changed Often portrayed religious subjects, but would

use realistic styles copied from classic models

A TURTLE….

DONATELLO Made sculpture more realistic Carved natural postures and expressions that

reveal personality

MASACCIO Painter Rediscovered the technique of perspective, or 3

dimensional

MICHELANGELOAnother Renaissance Man

A TURTLE….

SELF PORTRAIT OF MICHELANGELO

Born in 1475 Died in 1564

BACKGROUND-EARLY LIFE

He was born near Florence, Italy.

When he was born his mother was too ill to care for him so his father took him to a stonecutter’s wife who nursed him and cared for him. Michelangelo said that’s why he loved sculpting.

Michelangelo was an architect, painter, poet and sculptor.

NUDITY IN ART

Nudity in art contains nakedness. It is not considered wrong. It is considered a symbol of innocence and beauty. It was also common in art at the time.

It is not the same as today’s pornographic idea of nudity.

FAMOUS FOR… Famous for the way he portrayed the human body

in sculptor and in paintings St. Peter’s Basilica Sistine Chapel David

He made his statues look very lifelike. Sometimes they were made smooth, other times left

rough.

STATUE OF DAVID

DAVID

His great works were almost entirely in the service of the Catholic Church, and include a huge statue of the Biblical hero David (over 14 feet tall) in Florence, sculpted between 1501 and 1504

SCULPTURE

MOSES

Michelangelo made some of his finest sculpture for the Julius Tomb, including the Moses (circa 1515), the central figure in the much reduced monument now located in Rome's church of San Pietro in Vincoli.

THE DYING SLAVE

The Bound Slave and the Dying Slave (both c. 1510-13), Musée du Louvre, Paris, demonstrate Michelangelo's approach to carving.

He conceived of the figure as being imprisoned in the block.

Michelangelo left the statues unfinished (non-finito), either because he was satisfied with them as is, or because he no longer planned to use them.

BACCHUS The over-life-size

Bacchus (1496-98, Bargello, Florence). One of the few works of pagan rather than Christian subject matter made by the master, it rivaled ancient statuary, the highest mark of admiration in Renaissance Rome.

PIETA

The marble Pietà (1498-1500), still in its original place in Saint Peter's Basilica.

One of the most famous works of art, the Pietà was probably finished before Michelangelo was 25 years old, and it is the only work he ever signed.

ST. PETER’S BASILICA

Michelangelo designed the dome to top St. Peter’s Basilica Church in Rome

Began working on the church in 1546, and it still wasn’t finished in 1564 when he died

Another architect had to finish it

SISTINE CHAPEL

Ceiling of Sistine Chapel

HOW WAS IT PAINTED? Fresco painting: you apply plaster to

the wall then paint on the plaster while it is wet. The painting then becomes part of the wall. This is how Michelangelo did the Sistine Chapel ceiling which is why it has stood for so many years.

Pope Julius made (commissioned) Michelangelo paint the ceiling. It took him four years to complete the project.

SISTINE CHAPEL

From 1508-1512 Michelangelo painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome

He spent hours each day laying stretched on his back on top of a high scaffold with paint dripping into his eyes

During the day, he endured the heat beating upon the roof of the chapel

At night he worked by candlelight

CREATION OF ADAM

CREATION DETAIL—HANDS TOUCHING

Head of Adam

Many of the panels show classical influence Much of the detail is about the Biblical

prophet Joel

Head of Eve

Head of God

CREATION OF SUN AND MOON

THE CREATION OF THE HEAVENS

SACRIFICE OF NOAH

SEPARATION OF LIGHT AND DARK

THE LAST JUDGMENT

This was painted on the wall of the chapel.

THE MADONNA OF THE STAIRS

THE ERYTHRAEAN SIBYL

THE FALL FROM GRACE

THE FLOOD

THE PROPHET ZACHARIAH

THE LAST JUDGEMENT In Rome, in 1536,

Michelangelo was at work on the Last Judgment for the alter wall of the Sistine Chapel, which he finished in 1541.

The largest fresco of the Renaissance, it depicts Judgment Day.

THE LAST JUDGEMENT

RAPHAEL

A TURTLE….

RAPHAEL

Was younger than Michelangelo and Leonardo

Learned from studying their works

Greatest achievement was filling the walls of the pope’s library with several paintings

One of those paintings is the School of Athens, showing Raphael and other Renaissance artists listening to Greek philosophers

RAPHAEL’S SCHOOL OF ATHENS

WOMEN PAINTERS

Although Renaissance society generally restricted women’s roles, a few Italian women became painters

RENAISSANCE WRITERS

Francisco Petrarch- a great poet, wrote in Italian and Latin, composed sonnets (14 line poems)

Boccaccio- Italian writer best known for the Decameron, realistic, off-color stories about trying to survive the plague

Niccolo Machiavelli- wrote The Prince, a political guidebook examining how a ruler can gain power and keep it, inspired of his enemies. He mentioned tricking enemies and his

own people for the good of the state

BoccaccioBoccaccio

Francesco PetrarchFrancesco Petrarch

Niccolo MachiavelliNiccolo Machiavelli

THE RENAISSANCE SPREADS

Toward the end of the 15th Century, Renaissance ideas began to spread north from Italy to countries such as France, Germany and England

RENAISSANCE WRITING ACTIVITY

Learning Goals- You will be able to analyze the messages that

Renaissance writers were trying to get across.

Directions: Read each of the excerpts from the Renaissance. Answer the questions regarding each in COMPLETE sentences. Prepare to discuss them with the class.