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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS 2

Executive Summary 4

1. About Us 6

1.1 The Name and Logo 6

1.2. Motto 7

1.3. Vision 7

1.4. Mission 7

1.5. Our Services 7

1.6 The Team 8

2. Background 8

2.1 Overview of Phnom Penh 8

2.1.1 Solid waste generation 8

2.1.2 Geography and Climate 9

2.1.3 Population 10

2.2 Plastic Waste 10

3. Stakeholders 12

3.1 Institutions 12

3.2 Companies 13

3.3 Stakeholder Analysis 15

4. Problem Analysis 16 5. Project Activity and Output 20

5.1. Action Plan 20

5.1.2. Necessary Leadership Skills for TRASHURE Center Project 20

5.2. Details of marketing (IMC) 21

6. Sustainable Community Design 25 7. Feasibility Study 27

7.1. Legal Feasibility 27

7.2.Technical feasibility 31

7.3 Operational Feasibility 37

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7.4 Economic feasibility 42

8. Conclusion 48 9. References 49 10. Annex 52

9.1 Annex A: Stakeholder Analysis i 9.2 Annex B: Action Plan iv

9.3 Annex C: Sales and Expenses Projections 2020-2023 xx

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Executive Summary

In Cambodia, the plastic waste problem is complex; however, as one of the most

vulnerable countries to climate change, finding a solution is necessary.

Plastic consumption is embedded in Cambodia’s daily life. In Phnom Penh alone,

around 10 million plastic bags are used on a daily basis. Each urban Cambodian use more than

2,000 plastic bags every year. In comparison, each Japanese people use around 300 to 400

plastic bags every year1. Small-to-medium enterprises are the driving force behind

Cambodia’s growing economy, but the densely populated service sector encourages large

scale distribution and consumption of convenient and cheap plastic products. From food

vendors to clothing retailers, most items Cambodians consuming are wrapped, packaged or

served using plastic. The annual total generation of solid waste in Phnom Penh is estimated

at close to 1 million tonnes a year, of which only a little over 700,000 tonnes is deposited in

the landfill.

Waste categorisation activities at source are very rare in Phnom Penh. At the

household level, people receive small monetary incentives to segregate the “marketable”

share of their waste and sell it to door-to-door scavengers. The wastes are then passed

through several intermediaries until reaching the recycling firms located mostly outside the

country. Overall, the whole transactional process is very unsystematic and inefficient.

In order to help reduce the amount of plastic waste generated, TRASHURE Center will

help promote awareness about the ill effects of plastic waste and the importance of waste

segregation amongst the local community with the help of its stakeholders and will be

physically involved in the waste segregation business.

For the first year of operations, we have specifically chosen two institutions to work

with - Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) and Cambodia-Japan Cooperation Center

(CJCC). RUPP is the largest university in Phnom Penh with over 20,000 students. On the other

hand, IATSS Forum recognizes CJCC as the country secretariat in Cambodia. Members of the

1 Japan, Simon Denyer closeSimon DenyerTokyo bureau chief covering, et al. “Japan Wraps Everything in Plastic. Now It Wants to Fight

against Plastic Pollution.” Washington Post, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/japan-wraps-everything-in-plastic-now-it-wants-to-fight-against-plastic-pollution/2019/06/18/463fa73c-7298-11e9-9331-30bc5836f48e_story.html. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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administration of RUPP and CJCC also have close links with the IATSS Committee and

Cambodia IATSS Alumni Association, respectively.

TRASHURE Center projects benefit of approximately 10,549 USD for its first year of

operations. In addition, the projected benefit will regularly increase by approximately 60%

per year for the next 3 years due to the projected expansion to different institutions.

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1. About Us

This Section discusses what is TRASHURE Center, its logo, vision, mission and motto,

and the persons composing the Team.

TRASHURE Center shall be a domestic Non-Governmental Organization established

under the laws of the Kingdom of Cambodia. As a Non-Governmental Organization,

TRASHURE Center will have a separate legal personality under the laws of Cambodia and will

enjoy the rights and privileges under the Law on Associations and Non-Governmental

Organizations of the Kingdom of Cambodia.

1.1 The Name and Logo

Picture 1. Logo of Trashure Center

The name TRASHURE is a combination of two words, “Trash” and “Treasure”. The

reason behind this name is our philosophy to convert plastic trash into treasure. By the term

treasure, we do not mean in terms of money but the concept of the community being free

from plastic waste.

The color choice of white, blue and red represents the National flag of Cambodia. The

“C” shape in the main body of the logo represents the “3Cs” concept which our NGO is based

upon. The maple leaf symbolizes IATSS Forum in Japan - the place where we first thought of

the TRASHURE Center project. The seven lobes represent the seven founding members from

seven different countries of ASEAN and India. Lastly, the plastic bottles represent the sector

we will be involved in - the plastic waste management sector.

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1.2. Motto

The motto of TRASHURE Center is:

“Cambodia without useless plastic waste”

1.3. Vision

The vision of TRASHURE Center is:

“Collaborating with community to create a greener Cambodia.”

1.4. Mission

The Mission Statement of TRASHURE Center are as follows:

Mission I: To initiate the introduction of plastic waste segregation from the

consumers to recycling units;

Mission II: To optimize the benefits generated from plastic waste segregation for

raising public awareness;

Mission III: To promote the reduction of plastic use by collaborating with other

companies and entities; and,

Mission IV: To create communication channel through social media

1.5. Our Services

TRASHURE Center will collect plastic waste from institutions, starting with CJCC &

RUPP, and sell the segregated plastic waste to trash depots, thereby earning some benefits.

These benefits will then be used to organise awareness campaigns focusing on the harmful

effects of plastic to the environment and the community. We will also collaborate with

companies making eco-friendly everyday products and introduce these products to our

stakeholders, and thereby replacing plastic products with more eco-friendly alternatives.

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1.6 The Team

1. Background

This Section will discuss about Phnom Penh, Cambodia, and its problems on plastic

waste disposal and solid waste segregation.

2.1 Overview of Phnom Penh

As the capital of the country, it is no doubt that Phnom Penh is the administrative and

economic hub of Cambodia. Phnom Penh contributes to roughly 70% of Cambodia’s national

revenue.2 The city is facing huge challenges in waste management due to factors such as

population growth, increase in income and consumption levels, urbanisation and inadequate

waste management (ie., lack of proper waste collection and treatment facilities and technical

staff, and unclear delegation of responsibilities on waste management in the government

sector).

It is not an exaggeration to say that waste segregation is mostly non-existent in Phnom

Penh. Although there are some waste categorisation bins distributed in some public spaces,

people are not aware of their use or are not using them correctly. In fact, there are no guides

demonstrating proper waste categorisation made available to the public.

2 Lee, Joosung J . (May–June 2011). "An Outlook for Cambodia's Garment Industry in the Post-Safeguard Policy Era". Asian

Survey. 51 (3): 570. doi:10.1525/as.2011.51.3.559. JSTOR 10.1525/as.2011.51.3.559

Left - Right Aot (Laos), Var (Philippines), Nadia (Malaysia), Julian (Indonesia), Sophea (Cambodia), Jan (Thailand), BD (India)

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Establishing a waste categorisation system requires long-term strenuous efforts from

all stakeholders. Some of the harmful effects of non-segregation of waste are soil, air and

water contamination, hazards to human health, disease, adverse effects to the local

economy, reduction of recycling revenue, and climate change.

2.1.1 Solid waste generation

As we can see from the graph, Phnom Penh is only a city but it generates more than

half of the Cambodia’s total solid waste.

Diagram 1. Production of waste by Phnom Penh and major provinces3

2.1.2 Geography and Climate

Phnom Penh is in the south-central region of Cambodia, and is fully surrounded by

Kandal Province. The municipality is on the banks of the Tonlé Sap, Mekong and Bassac Rivers.

These rivers provide freshwater and other natural resources to the city. Phnom Penh and the

surrounding areas consist of a typical flood plain area for Cambodia. Although Phnom Penh is

at 11.89 metres (39 ft) above the river, monsoon season flooding is a problem and the river

sometimes overflows its banks.

Phnom Penh has a tropical wet and dry climate. The climate is hot all-year round with

only minor variations. Temperatures typically range from 22 to 35 °C (72 to 95 °F) and the

3 United Nations Center of Regional Development, The Kingdom of Cambodia, November 2017.

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weather is subject to the tropical monsoons. The city has two distinct seasons - the rainy

season, which runs from May to November, and may include high temperatures accompanied

by high humidity; and the dry season, which lasts from December to April when overnight

temperatures can drop to 22 °C (72 °F).

2.1.3 Population

Phnom Penh has a population of 2,014,015 which is 8.20% of the total population of

Cambodia. There are more males than females living in this city, with the latest counts

showing that there are 792,926 women and 708,799 men in Phnom Penh. The majority of the

residents of Phnom Penh are Cambodian and account for about 90% of the city’s total

population. Other ethnic groups include Kuy, Chong, Thai and Budong. There are also a large

number of inhabitants living in slums, with total counts topping 105,000 as of 2012.

The city’s population growth rate has maintained positive growth since 1980 after a

steep population drop in 1978. Historically, the city has seen phenomenal growth throughout

the years, with population increase percentages in the double digits throughout the 1980s

and 1990s. Plans have been made for an expansion of the metro area to accommodate the

ever-growing population, which is expected to surpass 3 million and will only continue

growing.4

2.2 Plastic Waste

When we talk about the composition of solid waste in Cambodia, plastic waste

contributes to only 20.9% of the total waste while organic waste contributes 51.9% of the

total waste generated.5 But keeping in mind the decomposition time of the various types of

wastes, plastic waste surpasses all the others by a huge margin. This is the reason TRASHURE

Center focuses on plastic waste.

4 Phnom Penh Population 2019 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs). http://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/phnom-penh-population/.

Accessed 8 Nov. 2019. 5 “Solid Waste.” Open Development Cambodia (ODC), https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/solid-waste/. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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Diagram 2 and 3. “Breakdown of Wastes in Cambodia in 2018” and “Decomposition Time of the Different

Wastes”6

6 Delaney, Paul. “HOW LONG IT TAKES FOR SOME EVERYDAY ITEMS TO DECOMPOSE.” Down2Earth Materials, 14 Feb. 2013,

https://www.down2earthmaterials.ie/2013/02/14/decompose/.

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2. Stakeholders

A successful relationship between a project and its stakeholders is built on working

together towards common goals. Stakeholders give your project practical and financial

support. Stakeholders are people interested in your initiatives, ranging from employees to

loyal customers and investors. They broaden the pool of people who care about your well-

being, making you less alone in your entrepreneurial work.

For the successful implementation of our project, we have identified some

stakeholders from different sectors.

3.1 Institutions

a) Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP)

RUPP is the oldest and largest university in Cambodia with more than

20,000 students. RUPP has full membership in the ASEAN University

Network (AUN).7 Our main reason for identifying RUPP as one of our

stakeholders is that the Vice-Rector of the University is also the

Chairperson of IATSS Committee in Cambodia. So, we feel that since the people are already

familiar with IATSS Forum, we would have a better chance of collaborating with them.

b) Cambodia-Japan Cooperation Centre (CJCC)

For over 10 years, CJCC has been training and developing high-

competent human resources for Cambodia, enhancing mutual

understanding and cooperation between Cambodia and Japan through

three main activities: Business Training, Japanese Language for Career

Development, and Culture and Education Exchange Program.8 Our two main reasons for

identifying CJCC as one of our stakeholders is because the Head of HR Department is also the

President of Cambodia IATSS Alumni Association and also because IATSS forum recognizes

CJCC as Cambodia IATSS Secretariat.

7 RUPP - about Rupp. http://www.rupp.edu.kh/content.php?page=about_rupp. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

8 CJCC. “Who We Are.” CJCC, http://www.cjcc.edu.kh/site/index.php/en/about/who-we-are. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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3.2 Companies

a) SmartBin

SmartBin is a start-up company founded in 2018 by four young

Cambodians. The founders were the winners of “Innovator of the

Year” at the French-Cambodia Research Day. They have a bold aim

to transform waste management in Cambodia by creating a new

kind of waste containers that leverages on technology to sort waste

and encourages more Cambodians to actively recycle. At the same time, they incentivize

people through discount coupons, vouchers and products with their partner stores. These

incentives can be achieved through the simple act of proper waste segregation.9

b) Cleanbodia

Born out of a concern for the damage suffered by Earth,

Cleanbodia was started on 2015 as a way to bring eco-friendly

ideas and solutions to Cambodia. Cleanbodia researches, designs,

markets, and distributes biodegradable “plastic” bags in Cambodia

which are made from cassava starch. These bags are fully

biodegraded in under 5 years and has the same strength as conventional plastic bags. The

organisation currently sells its products to over 200 restaurants, hotels, NGO’s, schools, and

offices across all of Cambodia.10

c) Cambo Bio Green

Cambo Bio Green is a start-up company founded in 2018 in the

“Youth Eco Labs 2018” competition. They use raw materials from

Cambodian agricultural products to produce eco-packaging, with the

aim of gradually replacing plastic packaging and enhance sustainable

trade for farmers.11

9 “SmartBin | CAMBODIA • BUILD Projects.” BUILD Projects, 2 Nov. 2018, http://build-projects.org/smartbin/.

10 “Cleanbodia.” Cleanbodia, https://www.cleanbodia.com. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019. 11 “A GREEN DEMO DAY: YOUR YOUTH ECO LABS TEAMS AND WINNERS.” Geeks in Cambodia, 8 June 2018,

http://geeksincambodia.com/a-green-demo-day-your-youth-eco-labs-teams-and-winners/.

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3.3 Community

a) Coconut School

Coconut School was founded in 2013 in Koh Dach, and expanded to

Kirirom Mountain in 2018. It has an innovative tuition program

called “Trash to Tuition” that gives free education to children in rural

areas of Cambodia. They work with local and international

volunteers to teach English, computer skills, and basic education of recycling to children in

remote areas. 12

Coconut School consists of two main buildings - the English classroom, and the library

and computer room. The wall of the English classroom is made from a bunch of brightly

painted car tires bound up together in many neat rows. The library and computer class, also

known as "Rubbish House", is made from many green beer bottles. The floor is made from

screwed beer bottles and caps placed upside down to make them look like flowers.13

Eighty percent of the trash used to build the school comes from the students

themselves in lieu of paying school fees. The trash collected are then added to the school

structure to make decorations such as the Cambodian flag, map, artificial flowers and flower

pots and curtains.14

b) Rehash Trash

Rehash Trash is a female-led Cambodian initiative social enterprise

founded in 2015. It turns roadside rubbish into beautiful stylish items

while providing a steady income for disadvantaged women in Siem

Reap. It not only makes great products and cleans up the environment,

but it also changes and empowers the lives of struggling mothers and their families. Rehash

Trash is a Green Gecko social enterprise. Working with 100+ former street children and their

12 About Us. http://www.coconutschool.org/about-us.html. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019. 13 Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. “Cambodian School Made of Rubbish | DW | 26.07.2017.” DW.COM,

https://www.dw.com/en/cambodian-school-made-of-rubbish/a-39776204. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

14 About Us. http://www.coconutschool.org/about-us.html. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019

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32 families over the past 10 years, Green Gecko firmly believes that the long-term success of

each child is strongly reliant on having long term solutions for their families.15

3.3 Stakeholder Analysis

Stakeholder Analysis is an important technique for stakeholder identification &

analysing their needs. It is used to identify all key (primary and secondary) stakeholders who

have a vested interest in the issues with which the project is concerned.

The aim of stakeholder analysis process is to develop a strategic view of the human

and institutional landscape, and the relationships between the different stakeholders and the

issues they care about most.

A stakeholder analysis can help a project to identify:

● The interests of all stakeholders, who may affect or be affected by the project

● Potential issues that could disrupt the project

● Key people for information distribution during executing phase

● Groups that should be encouraged to participate in different stages of the project

● Communication planning & stakeholder management strategy during project planning

phase

● Ways to reduce potential negative impacts & manage negative stakeholders

In order to analyse, we conducted a SWOT analysis amongst our stakeholders.

(Please refer to Annex A).

15 “Rehash Trash.” Angkor Handicraft Association, http://www.aha-kh.com/members/rehash-trash/. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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4. Problem Analysis

Problem analysis is an investigation of the root causes of excessive plastic waste in

Phnom Penh in different perspectives and the failure of the system. With the problem

identification, TRASHURE Center will be able to find the gap and possibility to collaborate with

our potential stakeholders in order to tackle the problems and approaches toward problem

solving. We have defined four aspects in problem analysis including politics, education,

economic and life-style using fishbone diagram.

Political

Although Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has already identified the need of waste

segregation in his policy “Waste Management and Action Plan for Phnom Penh 2018-2035”16,

the actual implementation is still undertaken from households to institutions and industry

levels. Moreover, RGC also imposed the anti-plastic bag taxation into his policy to reduce

plastic consumption in the city. However, this policy is only being implemented in expensive

supermarkets and elite areas in Phnom Penh. Besides having the law and policies in place,

The RGC relies on one private company, CINTRI for trash collection in Phnom Penh. Although,

CINTRI waste collection is almost 100% of central urban, nearly 40% of waste from urban poor

communities remain uncollected due to the limited capacity of the company and

infrastructure in sub-urban areas, which resulted in poor governance and service of CINTRI.

In relation to this problem, RGC is now revoking and taking over CINTRI, and open up for trash

collection auction for other private companies. Currently the local government is temporarily

taking over trash collection. In addition, without domestic recycling plants, plastic waste

management in Phnom Penh remains a challenge, and the current system is still mainly rely

on landfills.

Education

Although Cambodian adult literacy rate is improving to average of 82.5%17; however, the

people consciousness on environmental issues is still very limited. There is no formal waste

sorted system from households to institutions. The plastic waste sorted system rely on trash

16 Yagasa, Ran, et al. Phnom Penh Waste Management Strategy and Action Plan 2018-2035. 2018, p. 148. 17 Cambodia Population (2019) - Worldometers. https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/cambodia-population/. Accessed 8

Nov. 2019

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pickers (Edjai). Trash pickers normally pick plastic from different sources including unsorted

waste on landfills and public places in Phnom Penh, or they will buy from households.

Minority of households in Phnom Penh involved in sorting plastic, cans, and bottles from

other wastes not because of their understanding of the importance of recycling and

environmental issues but on the incentives, they could get from selling them.

Economics

In 2015, Cambodia imported plastic products from neighbouring countries with the total

value of 100 million USD18. Since Cambodia has no recycling plants, plastic waste collected is

done by trash pickers, and they will sell it to trash depots. Then Trash depots will sell and

export all collected plastic waste to foreign markets which are Vietnam and Thailand. By

banning of plastic exports to these two countries will not only a challenge on environmental

issues but also affect the economy of Cambodia without recycling and making use of the

plastic waste.

Life-style

The growth of Cambodian economic with the average rate of 7%19 annually also indicate the

change of Cambodia life-style, and consuming preference from traditional to conventional of

living. Plastic are being used widely among SME sectors and markets to assist their business

18 Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. “Cambodia’s Battle against Plastic Bag Waste | DW | 22.07.2016.” DW.COM,

https://www.dw.com/en/cambodias-battle-against-plastic-bag-waste/a-19421174. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019. 19 The Council for the Development of Cambodia (CDC) » Economic Trend. http://www.cambodiainvestment.gov.kh/why-invest-in-

cambodia/investment-enviroment/economic-trend.html. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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activities. A convenient life-style without sharing a responsible consumer behavior is another

greater obstacle to get over plastic waste problem in Phnom Penh.

From problem analysis in the four aspects, we have tackled the root causes of excessive plastic

waste in Phnom Penh including:

1. No Formal Segregated System

2. People’s ignorance and lack of conscience on environmental issues

3. Consumer preference on plastic products

4. Lack of media coverage and saturation on environment issues

5. No recycling plant

Gaps between Ideal City and Current City

The Ideal Community The Real Community Causes

1. Proper waste segregation

system

2. Paper bag Vs Plastic

3. Sufficient recycle plant

4. Full participation and

commitment for

1. No official waste

segregation system

2. Consumer preference

plastic bags

3. No recycling plant

4. People ignorance and

neglect

1. Waste segregation plan

only introduced from

2018-2035 action plan;

non existence before

2. People prefer ease of

use than eco friendly

3. No sense of urgency;

heavily relying on waste

export.

4. Lack of media coverage

and saturation on

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segregation by the

community

5. Government active

involvement in sustaining

the environment

6. Wider road for trash

collection accessibility

5. None active government

involvement

6. Narrow roads limiting

waste collection for

dumping truck

environmental issues;

environmental

education curriculum in

school will be

introduced from 202020

only

5. Fully rely on private

company; Passive

monitoring; limited

monitoring capacity of

government; lack of

expertise in decision

making

6. Poor urban planning

Problem statement: There is a need to reduce excessive plastic waste in Phnom Penh caused

by high consuming behavior and improper sorting and recycling system.

20 “Cambodia’s Schools Are the New Frontline in the Battle against Climate Change.” World Economic Forum,

https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/06/cambodia-schools-climate-change-education/. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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5. Project Activity and Output

5.1. Action Plan

Along with the in-depth analysis of plastic waste issues in Cambodia, especially Phnom Penh,

current social and economic situations in Cambodia, existing life cycle of waste, TRASHURE Center is

able to identify vision and four missions to tackle the plastic waste issues in Phnom Penh.

In order for the missions to be reached, action plan has been introduced. The detailed action

plan is divided into 2 parts; first, the2020 and 2021 action plan; second,5-year action plan. The

activities in the action plan fall under each mission to ensure that TRASHURE Center implement all

activities accordingly. For monitoring purposes, the action plan includes Responsible parties, Key

outputs, Succeed indicators and specific timeline to effectively track the progress of implementation.

(Please see Action Plan 2020, 20201, and 2021 - 2025 in Annex B.)

5.1.2. Necessary Leadership Skills for TRASHURE Center Project

1. Communication

It’s crucial that project managers are able to share their vision, goals, plans and strategies as

well as the business value derived from the outcome of a project consistently and effectively

to people at different hierarchies. Multi-channel communication enables project managers to

manage the delivery and reception of information timely and in an efficient manner.

2. Sharing a Vision

Successful project managers possess the skills to understand and visualize the big picture

associated with any project and are able to effectively convey this to the entire project team.

Being able to successfully share the vision associated with a project helps managers ensure

that the team can thoroughly understand the importance of their role and contributions

towards achieving the end results.

3. Team Management

Successful project managers possess the skills to understand and visualize the big picture

associated with any project and are able to effectively convey this to the entire project team.

Being able to successfully share the vision associated with a project helps managers ensure

that the team can thoroughly understand the importance of their role and contributions

towards achieving the end results.

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4. Delegation / Tasks allocation

Successful project managers possess the skills to understand and visualize the big picture

associated with any project and are able to effectively convey this to the entire project team.

Being able to successfully share the vision associated with a project helps managers ensure

that the team can thoroughly understand the importance of their role and contributions

towards achieving the end results.

5. Creativity

Project Managers also need to promote out of the box thinking when things start to deviate

from the initial plan. Managers who realize that their teams is their biggest asset work to

develop a culture where creativity and individual feedback are encouraged and valued. When

team members feel empowered, they are willing to back you up when the going gets tough.

They can help you overcome rough patches by offering new ideas on how to manage

unscheduled.

6. Honesty

Managers not only need to establish trust with their team members, but also with their clients

as they need to provide transparency on how the project is being managed. This is essential

to long term relationships and recurring business.

7. Focus

One way that project managers ensure this is by keeping their goals SMART: Specific,

Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time bound. Additionally, in order to ensure overall

alignment of the project goals, there should also be a mechanism for constant feedback loop

5.2. Details of marketing (IMC)

1. TRASHURE Center Marketing & Promotion

In the initial stage of marketing and promotion, TRASHURE Center will establish our own social

media platform such as website and Facebook. These two media platforms will be used mainly

to promote our TRASHURE Center’s activities and also a part of our effective marketing

strategy. Website and Facebook are the media tools that mainly used by the Cambodian.

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Thus, by choosing these targeted new media to promote the environmental contents and

posts actively, we aim to reach the high saturation and media visibility as well as give the

sufficient exposure to the Phnom Penh community regarding our project. Other than our own

social media as our main tool of marketing and promotion, we also use other ways to increase

the market of our project as following:

2. Recycle bins

TRASHURE Center recycle bins will be placed in universities and schools, so these bins’ design

will be customized according to our NGO’s profile such as adding the logo or mission in order

to create awareness about our project.

3. Traditional media publicity

The uses of traditional media (local newspaper, radio, television) will be utilized since the

project MoU signing and launching ceremony in the beginning phase to convince our potential

upcoming stakeholders.

4. Internal university marketing

TRASHURE Center will also promote the project not only externally but internally by utilizing

the marketing platform of each university (CJCC,RUPP) that we collaborated with at the

minimal cost of expenditure. Among the marketing tool that we will use are university

website, the university newspaper, banner, etc. Workshop will be conducted in each

university for the members to help them comprehend about our project. During the

workshop, we will use marketing tool such as TRASHURE Center booth, flyers, QR code and

many more. All of the media posts will use the specific #hashtag like #trashurecambodia to

make public familiarize with the NGO’s branding mission.

5. New media engagement

Other than boosting our media to promote, we will also be collaborating with other local

media, especially the new media companies such as Green Clean Cambodia.org and in

conjunction with other media to support our greenery mission, increase public engagement

and liking statistics.

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6. Stakeholders' collaboration

To expand our NGO operation scale, we will collaborate with many stakeholders which consist

of the eco-friendly oriented companies like Cambo Bio Green and Cleanbodia.

By cooperating with these companies, we can promote our NGO’s mission not only to educate

the community to segregate the waste but at the same time reduce the use of plastic in their

daily.

7. Recycle club

TRASHURE Center will also conduct environment events and fairs for public awareness and

engagement. This event will also involve all of stakeholder as well as creating mutual help

among the stakeholders. TRASHURE Center will also collaborate with other established

recycle club especially in university and school. Under this club, a lot of internal promotion

will be done and the university recycle club students will run the field trip for public to coconut

school under the TRASHURE Center monitoring.

8. Coconut school field trip

As the NGO will be collaborating with coconut school, we will promote our mission among

the school members starting with the teachers and the parents. We will use newsletter and

send them the information relating our project in advance to gain their support and help us

to reach our target market. We will make a promotional video to educate people about

recycling concept in order to help generate the fundraising for the coconut school continuing

their operation and expanding to other provinces and cities. The activities such as public field

trip to coconut school will be another way to attract the potential stakeholders to invest in

our project.

9. Success project model

As the TRASHURE Center team will make sure we execute our project successfully in the

selected universities, we will use this success project as the model and pitching tool to attract

more fundraising and stakeholders in future. After a few years of establishment, with the

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targeted strong financial state in future, TRASHURE Center will use a different marketing

strategy at different levels. We will implement the Integrated Marketing Communication

(IMC) method where we will combine marketing tools either traditional media or new media

at the same time to create awareness about segregation and plastic reduce into Cambodian

lifestyle. Previously, we also use the same marketing tool to promote our project and

campaign but simultaneously not integrating everything at once due to the limited capital but

after reaching the stable financial state, we will implement IMC strategy to achieve our

mission, which we want to create more plastic waste awareness, collaborating with many

more stakeholders, and collecting more plastic waste for the greener Cambodia.

25

6. Sustainable Community Design

TRASHURE Center project will contribute to the sustainable community design in

Phnom Penh city throughout our incorporation the concept of 3Cs which is collecting and

distribution, creating awareness and collaboration. The relation of the 3Cs concept will create

the benefits for the community in 3 dimensions including economic, social and environment.

Collecting and distribution: the current waste sorted is only done informally by the trash

pickers from households and dumb site in Phnom Penh while majority of waste from

households, industries and institutions are just collected by trash collecting company and

dumb together on landfills without any sorting system and recycling. The concept of first “C”

is applying waste sorting system, so we could separate plastic waste from other solid waste,

utilize and maximize its zero value to create incomes from selling plastic waste to trash

depots. Sorted plastic waste then will be recycled either in the future recycling company in

Cambodia or send to the neighbouring countries. From the economic perspective, TRASHURE

Center will generate income and will be sustainable itself first. Then we can optimum its profit

to the community benefits through our missions and action plan.

Creating awareness: environmental issue is a soft touching topic in our community. People

life-style is heavily relying on plastic use and its convenience. The second “C” here is to create

public awareness on environmental problems specifically on reduction and recycling of plastic

use. TRASHURE Center will use the profit we are generated from the first “C” to run our

environmental campaigns and events through organizing field studies, workshops and fair in

the community. Through TRASHURE Center environmental awareness will help the

community to visualize what they can do to make use of the plastic waste benefit throughout

the simple recycling in their daily life. Moreover, from each events TRASHURE Center build a

platform where people can meet and discuss about environmental issues, and build a more

solidarity community in the future.

Collaboration: there are several NGOs and like-minded partners in Cambodia working on

solving environmental issues by introducing plastic recycling and eco-friendly products.

However, start-ups companies are still struggling with funding, limited networking and

market. In order to reduce plastic use from consumers, creating awareness is not enough.

26

TRASHURE Center will introduce the third “C” which is a collaboration with new start-ups to

find a mechanism in order to incorporate in a more effective problem-solving. In other words,

TRASHURE Center will assist eco-friendly start-ups to gain networking with restaurants,

companies and institutions. Our collaboration will bring an alternative use of plastic to

consumers with eco-friendly products, which are easier to be bio-degraded in the water or

soil. This collaboration is not only beneficial to the environment by cutting down the use of

plastic but also promoting local start-ups, and bring cheaper and better eco-friendly products

to consumers.

In conclusion, from the 3Cs concepts, the introduction of TRASHURE Center project

will give an impact on the reduction of plastic waste, building a quality community, and

promote local economic in Phnom Penh. In the long run, by awaking the people to love the

environment we hope the future ideal and sustainable community is to achieve eco-friendly

lifestyle of the people for an inclusive and clean city of Phnom Penh.

27

7. Feasibility Study

This Part refers to the Feasibility Study conducted by TRASHURE Center to determine

the likelihood of success for its action plans. In this Feasibility Studies, we will discern the pros

and cons for each section of feasibility - legal feasibility, technical feasibility, operational

feasibility, schedule feasibility, and economic feasibility.

This Feasibility Study will cover the first four years of operation of TRASHURE Center

and will be continuously updated, including its coverage, as we move along with the project.

This is based on the general belief that the first few years of any project or business will

determine its success or failure.

7.1. Legal Feasibility

Legal feasibility refers to the study on whether the proposed project conform to the

legal and ethical requirements for the project or business. This shall include the requirements

for starting the business such as business licenses, certificates, tax numbers, labor laws and

other applications laws and regulations. In addition, this will also include any foreseeable

violation of laws, rules and regulations in the future.

TRASHURE Center shall be a domestic Non-Government Organization to be

established under the laws of the Kingdom of Cambodia. We chose the Non-Government

Organization model because we want the organization to have a separate legal personality

under the Kingdom of Cambodia laws.

To create a domestic NGO, we need to have at least three founding members of 18

years of age and resident of Cambodia. For this requirement, we will be choosing founding

members who are residents of Cambodia. These founders will include our teammate and co-

implementor, Prom Sophea, who will also directly oversee the implementation in Phnom

Penh.

Approximately two months before TRASHURE Center starts its regular operations, its

founders will submit all the necessary documents with the Ministry of Interior of Cambodia

in accordance with the Law on Associations and Non-Governmental Organizations.21 We do

not foresee any possible grounds for denial of our application for registration as domestic

21 Article 6, Chapter 2, Law on Associations and Non-Governmental Organizations, adopted by National Assembly of the

Kingdom of Cambodia on 13 July 2015.

28

Non-Government Organization, so we expect to receive our registration documents from the

Ministry of Interior within sixty days from submission of the documentary requirements.22

TRASHURE Center will also register its business with the Ministry of Economy and

Finance Taxation Department of the Kingdom of Cambodia in accordance with the Prakas No.

464 on Instruction in Tax Compliance of Associations and Non-Government Organizations23

and other relevant tax laws and regulations. TRASHURE Center will abide by all tax regulations

and any other laws that are implemented and will be implemented in Cambodia or in any

other country where it will conduct its activities in the future. In addition, TRASHURE Center

do not see any foreseeable violation of the tax laws in the future or during its operations.

Lastly, TRASHURE Center will be hiring employees who will man its day to day

operations. Therefore, TRASHURE Center will also make the necessary declaration to the

Ministry in Charge of Labor upon the opening of its establishment.24 TRASHURE Center will

also abide with all the laws and regulations on labor in the Kingdom of Cambodia and other

countries where it will conduct its activities.

TRASHURE Center will abide by all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the

Kingdom of Cambodia. We also do not foresee any possibility of violations of any existing

laws, rules and regulations in the foreseeable future.

Why we chose the Domestic Non-Government Organization form?

We chose to create a Non-Government Organization rather than a regular corporation

because of two reasons: first, it will be less expensive to register and maintain a non-

government organization than an ordinary company, and second, the Kingdom of Cambodia

is known to be supportive of non-government organization.

In addition, we chose a domestic Non-Governmental Organization rather than an

international Non-Governmental Organization because we find the former easier to create.

To create an international NGO in the Kingdom of Cambodia, one must enter into a

Memorandum of Understanding with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International

Cooperation.25 This additional step does not apply for domestic NGOs.

22 Ibid., Article 8.

23 Prakas on Instruction in Tax Compliance of Associations and Non-Government Organizations, Ministry of Economy and

Finance No. 464 SHV.BrK, Kingdom of Cambodia, 12 April 2018. 24 Article 17, Kram dated 13 March 1997 on the Labor Law, Kingdom of Cambodia.

25 Law on Associations and Non-Governmental Organizations, supra at Article 12.

29

To create a domestic NGO, we need to have at least three founding members of 18

years of age with Khmer nationalities.26 These founders will include our teammate and co-

implementor, Prom Sophea, who will also directly oversee the implementation in Phnom

Penh.

Cost analysis of Non-Government Organizations versus Corporation

The following table shows the differences in the registration process of non-

governmental organization and corporation in the Kingdom of Cambodia:

Particulars Corporation Non-government

Organization

Minimum Capital

Requirements

5,000 USD27 None

Business License Costs 150 USD for registration with

Ministry of Interior + 650

USD for registration as

taxpayer + 1,000 USD

deposit in local bank

account28

500 USD

Length of Registration

Process

99 days29 60 days30

Effectivity of Registration 1 year, subject to renewal31 3 years, subject to renewal32

Tax on Profit Profit tax on all business Tax exemption on legal funds

26 Ibid., Article 5.

27 “Starting a Business in Cambodia.” B2B CAMBODiA, https://www.b2b-cambodia.com/industry-

overviews/business-startup/. Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

28 Guide to Starting a Business in Cambodia. https://www.realestate.com.kh/guides/How-to-start-a-business-in-Cambodia/.

Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

29 “Starting a Business in Cambodia”, supra.

30 Law on Associations and Non-Governmental Organizations, supra at Article 8. 31 Guide to Starting a Business in Cambodia, supra.

32 Note: No renewal requirements provided under the Law for Domestics NGOs, but 3-year renewal for international NGOs.

Prakas will be issued to provide for the conditions, formalities and procedures for the establishment and registration of Domestic NGOs.

30

income33 and donations, resources or

assets of the association on

NGO, contribution of

members and other sources

of income, except income

from business activities34

Based on the data gathered, we found that it is easier to build a non-government

organization due to lower minimum capital requirements and license costs, shorter length of

registration and more tax incentives. At the same time, the effectivity time of registration as

a non-government organization is longer than an ordinary company; hence, it will take less

time and money to renew the licenses to operate.

Kingdom of Cambodia is supportive with NGOs

The Kingdom of Cambodia has a very supportive environment as to Non-Government

Organizations. In 2013 alone, as many as 3,500 non-governmental organizations35 have been

registered with the Cooperation Committee for Cambodia, a leading membership

organization in Cambodia for Local and International Non-Governmental Organizations since

1990.

The boom of NGOs started in the establishment of the first NGO on 1991. Since then,

more local NGOs were established especially during the 1992-1993 United Nations

Transitional Authority in Cambodia. These NGOs are mostly involved in human rights

protection and education activities, and other developmental activities.36

Many NGOs, both domestic and international, are very active in various sectors of

Cambodia. They play major roles in providing basic social services, especially in remote areas

and communities.37

33 “Starting a Business in Cambodia”, supra. 34 Article 8, Prakas on Instruction in Tax Compliance of Associations and Non-Government Organizations, Ministry of Economy

and Finance No. 464 SHV.BrK, 12 April 2018. 35 NGOs in Cambodia: It’s Complicated. https://thediplomat.com/2013/12/ngos-in-cambodia-its-complicated/. Accessed 7 Nov.

2019.

36 Ibid.

37 Ibid.

31

It is true that indeed, studies reveal that many NGOs have been inactive over the

years, but the government remained very supportive and willing to work hand-in-hand with

the NGOs.38 We envision creating an active NGO that will be involved in solid waste

management (particularly in plastics) and in creating a change in the viewpoint of the

Cambodia society in solid waste disposal through education while working hand-in-hand with

the government, the schools, other NGOs, private companies and other stakeholders.

Conclusion

TRASHURE Center do not foresee any possible commission of violation of any of the

laws, rules and regulations of the Kingdom of Cambodia in its operation. Instead, TRASHURE

Center will utilize the active and supportive environment of Cambodia in favor of non-

government organizations to implement its action plans and achieve its goals and objectives.

7.2. Technical feasibility

Technical feasibility refers to the details on how the services will be delivered to the

clients of the business or project. It is a broad study that will cover details on the

transportation, business location, technology, necessary materials and labor.

Transportation

For purposes of collecting the segregated plastic waste from CJCC and RUPP and other

partner schools, the TRASHURE Center will enter into one-year lease contract with dump truck

servicing company.

The contract will only cover the use of the dump truck and the driver. Fuel costs will

be shouldered by TRASHURE Center. Due to inflation, it is projected that gasoline prices will

increase. These fuel expenses, including price increase, will be shouldered by TRASHURE

Center through the use of its own funds.

There is also the possibility that rental prices for the dump truck will increase, as well

as demand for more dump trucks as the operation of TRASHURE Center expands. The costs

entailed by these scenarios will be paid through the funds of TRASHURE Center.

38 Ibid.

32

As of the date of this Feasibility Studies, TRASHURE Center do not see any foreseeable

financing concerns due to the projected rise in the transportation costs as above-discussed.

Business Location

TRASHURE Center main office will be located in Villa #53A, Street 430, Chamkar Mon,

Phnom Penh. The office will start operations on March 2020 and will be big enough to

accommodate four staff members and the TRASHURE Center Director.

The principal office will be rented from Vissar Medical and Nursing Center. Agreement

have already been finalized for free usage for the first year of operations of TRASHURE Center.

For the next years of operations, rental fees will be discussed between TRASHURE Center and

Vissar Medical. Nevertheless, informal discussion with the Vissar Medical business owner

have pegged the monthly rent to 200 USD.

We do not foresee the need for a bigger space since the main office is located within

thirty minutes away from both RUPP and CJCC (the “target universities”) and the Trash Depot,

as indicated in the Maps below.

Picture 1: TRASHURE Center Office to RUPP and CJCC39

Approximate 6.3 kms distance

ETA of 37 minutes with the usual traffic

39 Photos grabbed from https://www.google.com/maps

33

Picture 2: RUPP and CJCC to Trash Depot40

Approximate 6.4 kms distance

ETA of 31 minutes with the usual traffic

In addition, we do not foresee any need for a storage area for the collected segregated

plastic waste from RUPP and CJCC, since TRASHURE Center will forward these plastic wastes

to the Trash Depot which are accessible under usual traffic circumstances directly upon

collection.

In case temporary storage will be necessary in case of unforeseen events (eg., truck

breakdown, truck maintenance, etc.), TRASHURE Center will enter into agreements with its

partner universities for provision of storage facilities.

TRASHURE Center also has plans to expand its activities to include additional schools

within its first five years of operation. This expansion may require bigger or more office

locations; hence, TRASHURE Center will lease and/or buy more office area when necessary.

Funds will be allocated for such purposes. TRASHURE Center will ensure that its main office

and all the offices it may build in the foreseeable future will be located in areas accessible to

its partner-universities, schools and the community, and the trash depots.

40 Ibid.

34

Technology

TRASHURE Center will create their own website to disseminate information regarding

the NGO and its projects, discuss environmental issues and concerns in Phnom Penh

particularly waste segregation and plastic waste reduction, and promote start-ups, NGOs and

other businesses involved in environmental activities and projects.

To create an enticing and interactive website, TRASHURE Center will hire a website

developer(s) who will create the website and update the same from time to time. This will

entail costs which will be deducted from the NGO funds. For this purpose, TRASHURE Center

will enter into a long-term service package with the website provider.

The official website and official social media pages will be launched on April 1, 2020

upon receipt of the registration documents for TRASHURE Center from the Ministry of

Interior. The website and social media pages will be updated from time to time by the Director

and clerical staff. The website developer will troubleshoot and add major updates to the

official website from time to time in accordance with the website provider.

TRASHURE Center do not see any foreseeable concerns that may arise due to the costs

of website and social media developments, updates and troubleshooting.

Necessary Materials

The main equipment that TRASHURE Center will require are trash bins. In the first year

of operations, TRASHURE Center will purchase eight (8) small plastic dustbins and fourteen

(14) big metal plastic dustbins. Please see sample pictures below.

35

Picture 3. Plastic garbage cans

Capacity: 120liters

Price: 30 USD

Picture 4. Metal garbage bins for outside

Capacity: 400liters

Price: 60 USD

TRASHURE Center will purchase these trash bins through the local market in

Cambodia. The costs of these bins will be paid through the initial funding of the NGO.

36

TRASHURE Center foresees the need for more trash bins as the activities expand to

more schools and the local community. The costs for additional trash bins will be covered by

the funds that will be generated by TRASHURE Center in its operations.

TRASHURE Center will also need office fixtures for its office. In addition, more office

fixtures may be required as TRASHURE Center expands its activities. These fixtures will be

covered by the initial funds and the funds generated through the activities.

Labour

TRASHURE Center will hire the four personnel during the first year of operations from

the trash picker sector. We decided to hire trash pickers as employees because these people

have the experience with the plastic collection system. In addition, this sector has been one

of the poorest in Phnom Penh with other trash pickers earning 1.50 USD per night of hard

work.41

The trash picker employees will be paid the minimum wage42 in accordance with the

labour laws of Cambodia. The trash pickers will also be provided with safety devices and

amenities equivalent to or more than the minimum requirements under the labour laws, rules

and regulations.43 TRASHPICKER Center does not foresee any possible violation of the labour

laws, rules and regulations of Cambodia and in other countries where its activities will be

conducted in the foreseeable future.

TRASHURE Center will be operating from Monday to Saturday, 3PM to 7PM. We chose

this working schedule to complement the schedule for collecting the segregated wastes from

our partner universities and bringing these wastes to buyers and recycling plants.

For this purpose, we will be hiring four employees who will be working four hours a

day, six days a week44 in accordance with the labour laws of Cambodia.

In addition, to augment the necessary manpower in its activities with the partner

universities, TRASHURE Center will establish and support environment clubs in the partner

41 “Cambodian street pickers turn waste into survival profits - CNA”, https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/cambodian-

street-pickers-turn-waste-into-survival-profits-7775858. Accessed 7 Novermber 2020. 42 Article 104, Kram dated March 13, 1997 on the Labor Law.

43 Ibid., Article 229.

44 Ibid., Article 137.

37

schools that will serve as implementation arms in its projects. Funds for these environment

clubs will come from the funds of TRASHURE Center and will be released upon submission of

the club’s action plans.

TRASHURE Center foresees the need for more manpower as it expands its operations.

Nevertheless, we do not foresee any issue that may arise as to the payment of remunerations

and other legal requirements under the labour laws, rules and regulations of Cambodia.

7.3 Operational Feasibility

Operational feasibility refers to the refers to the study of the market for a product or

service to determine whether the targeted market would probably support the product or

service. For purposes of these Feasibility Studies, the discussion will revolve in three areas: the

partner universities, the trash depot, and the Phnom Penh.

Partner Universities

TRASHURE Center will commence its operations with two universities in Phnom Penh

- Cambodia-Japan Cooperation Center and the Royal University of Phnom Penh.

Cambodia-Japan Cooperation Center (CJCC)

The CJCC is an educational institution that aims to train and develop highly competent

human resources for Cambodia, and enhance mutual understanding and cooperation

between Cambodia and Japan through business training, applying Japanese language for

career development, and culture and exchange programs45 which commenced operations on

April 2004.46 The current population of CJCC is 350 students, with an estimated plastic waste

disposal of 10 kilograms per day.

CJCC has been chosen by TRASHURE Center as partner university because CJCC

officially recognize IATSS Forum under its Business Training Program arm. In addition, the

Head of the Human Resource Department of CJCC Mr. Sy Vanna is also the President of

Cambodia IATSS Alumni Association. Lastly, CJCC already installed their own segregation

45 CJCC. “Who We Are.” CJCC, http://www.cjcc.edu.kh/site/index.php/en/about. Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

46 CJCC. “CJCC Project.” CJCC, http://www.cjcc.edu.kh/site/index.php/en/about/cjcc-project. Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

38

system within their campus; however, all wastes are collected and dumped together in

accordance with the existing waste management structure in Phnom Penh.

TRASHURE Center will utilize the network through IATSS Forum Alumni Association of

Cambodia in negotiating the five-year Memorandum of Understanding with the CJCC. Mr. Sy

Vanna has already expressed his desire to work with our project. Hence, we do not foresee

any issues that may arise during the negotiation stage for the MOU.

Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) or the RUPP.

RUPP is the oldest and largest university in Cambodia that was established on April

1960.47 The university caters from undergraduate and postgraduate degrees. At present,

RUPP has 20,000 students, and it is estimated to collect 615 kilograms of plastic waste per

day.

TRASHURE Center chose RUPP as a partner-university because the Vice-Rector Dr.

Oum Ravy is also the Chairperson of IATSS Committee in Cambodia. Hence, TRASHURE Center

can use this existing connection through the IATSS Forum in commencing negotiations for the

five-year Memorandum of Understanding.

RUPP currently has no segregation system implemented within their campus.

Nevertheless, we are positive that through negotiating with the university administration and

showing them the advantages of a proper waste segregation system, such segregation system

will be installed and supported by both the faculty and the student body.

TRASHURE Center expects that the two universities will provide the segregated plastic

waste free of charge in return for environmental-related activities and programs that will be

funded by TRASHURE Center through the environment volunteer clubs that will be formed in

the respective universities. These terms will however still be subjected to negotiations and

will be detailed in the Memorandum of Understanding with the partner-universities.

To ensure a lasting relationship with the abovementioned universities, TRASHURE

Center will negotiate and enter into five-year Memorandum of Understanding with CJCC and

47 RUPP - about Rupp. http://www.rupp.edu.kh/content.php?page=about_rupp. Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

39

RUPP. In addition, TRASHURE Center will conduct regular meetings with the university

administration and workshops with the student body. Lastly, in order to further inculcate the

importance of waste segregation and waste reduction, we will also create and manage

websites and social media pages, and conduct educational tours and exhibitions.

Trash Depot

TRASHURE Center will sell the collected segregated plastic waste to trash depots in

Phnom Penh for 0.20 USD per kilogram. TRASHURE Center is aware that changes in the

policies of the government and exportation of plastic waste can have negative effects in the

selling price of the plastic wastes.

At present, Cambodia has been exporting their plastic waste to other countries,

particularly Vietnam and Thailand. However, the government of Vietnam banned imports of

plastic wastes on 2018, and Thailand plans to follow suit on 2018.48 This may mean fall in the

selling price of the plastic waste which will negatively affect the gross profit of TRASHURE

Center.

It is also important to note that there are at least two recycling plants that will be

opening in Cambodia in the near future - (1) Japanese company Gomi Recycle 110 and (2)

Chinese company LingHang Investment Development Co., Ltd.49 In addition, the municipal

government of Phnom Penh has affirmed its support for private institutions, such as

TRASHURE Center, that will focus on waste segregation in Phnom Penh.50 We are of the

opinion that these factors will negate the negative effects of the ban of plastic waste

importation in Vietnam and Thailand.

In order to insure itself from fluctuations of the prices of segregated plastic waste,

TRASHURE Center will enter into three-month long-term fixed price contract with the trash

depot. Negotiations will be started with the trash depot for the contracts within the first three

48 “Plastic Kingdom: On Cambodia’s Recycling Trail.” New Naratif, https://newnaratif.com/journalism/plastic-kingdom-on-

cambodias-recycling-trail/share/orireyl.n.q.onq/37e330c1acdc53a26ab4fcc3855be8bc. Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

49 “Recycling Waste in Cambodia.” Clean Green Cambodia, 18 Mar. 2019, https://www.cleangreencambodia.org/recycling-in-

cambodia/.

50 Phnom Penh Waste Management Strategy and Action Plan 2018-2035, p. 72, October 2018.

40

months of operation. TRASHURE Center will also maintain good relations with the trash

depots to ensure long-lasting relationships that will be beneficial to both parties.

The Community of Phnom Penh

The target area for the TRASHURE Center project is Phnom Penh, the capital city of

Cambodia. As detailed in the previous sections of this Project Proposal, Phnom Penh have

been facing problems on solid waste management. Being one of the most advanced cities in

Cambodia, plastic have started taking over the life of the citizens, which resulted to increase

plastic wastes.

In addition, Cambodia does not have a formal recycling system for solid wastes.

Instead, plastic wastes which are the target product in this Project Proposal are collected by

CINTRI (Cambodia), Ltd., the waste collection company that monopolizes the waste collection

system in Phnom Penh since 2002.51

It is also noteworthy that the business license of CINTRI has been revoked by the

Cambodia national government just last month. This revocation was made due to the

numerous complaints about the company’s quality of service, such as uncollected rubbish

which attracts vermin, flies and diseases, blocked drains and ill-effects to the environment.52

The community has started to take action against the in capabilities of CINTRI, including

protests such as one made in Prey Rieng Village, Phnom Penh on 28 April 2019 due to the

hazards to the health and environment caused by CINTRI’s open pit dumping site.53

51 Vireak, Thou. Gov’t Dumps Waste Collector Cintri | Phnom Penh Post. https://www.phnompenhpost.com/national/govt-

dumps-waste-collector-cintri. Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

52 Ibid.

53 “Protests Against Cintri Landfill ⋆ Cambodia News English.” Cambodia News English, 28 Apr. 2019,

https://cne.wtf/2019/04/29/protests-against-cintri-landfill/.

41

Picture 5: View of CITRI (Cambodia), Ltd.’s dumping site in Prey Rieng

Village, Sangkat Phoum Chhor Trek, Khan Por Sen Chey, Phnom Penh.

Picture 6: More than 50 people representing hundreds of villages in

Prey Rieng Village held a protest against CINTRI’s open pit dump site.

TRASHURE Center sees the small protests of the Phnom Penh citizens such as that

discussed above, coupled with the government’s vowed support for institutions conducting

projects on waste segregation, and the bloom of companies, start-ups and NGOs in the waste

management sector, as signs that the Phnom Penh community will support TRASHURE

Center’s projects on solid waste segregation. We are of the opinion that the community is

42

starting to be more aware of the environmental and health hazards brought by poor solid

waste management and the importance of proper waste segregation and ultimately waste

reduction.

Due to these factors, TRASHURE Center believes that the projects embodied in its

action plan will be successfully implemented in Phnom Penh.

7.4 Economic feasibility

Economic feasibility refers to the analysis of the costs and revenues that will be derived

from the project to determine its possibility of survival. For purposes of this Feasibility Studies,

economic feasibility will be divided into six sub-sections: capital limitation, projected benefits

(deficit) statement, time value of money, break-even analysis, return on investment and

profitability index.

Capital Limitations

The starting capital for TRASHURE Center will be 5,000 USD. 2,000 USD of which will

be from the IATSS Forum, while 3,000 USD will be raised from the Cambodian public through

the help of Director Prom Sophea.

The initial capital will be used as follows:

Initial funding sources

IATSS Forum 2,000.00

Raised from the Public 3,000.00

Funding, January 1, 2020 5,000.00

Less: Capitalized Expenses

Furnishings 200.00

Dustbins 960.00

Website development 500.00

Less: Expenses for the first two months

Registration Fees 500.00

Utilities (Telephone, Internet, Electricity) 60.00

43

Depreciation Expenses 6.66

Representation Expenses 800.00

Miscellaneous Expense 50.00

Fund Balance in USD 1,923.34,

As shown in the above Table, roughly 62% of the initial funding will be used for the

purchase of equipment such as office furnishings and dustbins, payment to website

developers for the creation of the official website, and payment of the required registration

fees as an NGO, telephone, internet and electricity expenses, depreciation expenses for the

furnishings, and a reasonable estimate for miscellaneous expenses. The fund balance will be

allocated for the expenses that will be incurred by TRASHURE Center in the next months of

operation and in other projects of the NGO.

Study of the projected benefits and deficits of the TRASHURE Center reveals that

funding will remain positive with steady increase throughout the years due to steady income

from the sale of collected segregated plastic waste. Therefore, TRASHURE Center does not

foresee any deficiency in funds throughout the foreseeable future.

Projected Benefits and Deficit

Projected Statements of Benefits and Deficit is probably the most important part of

the Economic Feasibility Studies. The projected statements will show in quantified terms

whether or not your project or business will succeed or fail.

The projected financial statements will show the interplay of the various factors

analyzed under the different sections of the Feasibility Studies, such as legal expenses,

infrastructures, labor costs, technology-related expenses, representation allowance, market

analysis, among others. In addition, other economic factors such as inflation rates and

population increase are analyzed to make a reliable Feasibility Studies.

44

The following chart shows the projected sales, expenses and benefits during the

duration of this Feasibility Studies:

Chart 1: Sales and Expenses Projections for the next 4 years.

(Please refer to Annex C for the Projected Benefits Statement)

As shown in the diagram, Sales will have a steady increase. This steady increase is

attributable to the five-year Memorandum of Understanding entered into between the

TRASHURE Center and partner-universities CJCC and RUPP, and the planned expansions to

other schools in Phnom Penh from 2021 to 2023.

Expenses refer to the variable and fixed expenses incurred by TRASHURE Center

during its operations. Such expenses are adjusted based on the estimated inflation rates of

Cambodia. Variable expenses (such as truck rental, supplies and labour costs) increase or

decrease in direct relation to Sales. Fixed expenses (such as representation expenses, office

rental, or depreciation expenses) remain the same despite the changes in sales.

The graph also shows a growth in the Benefits throughout the four years of operation.

However, there is minimal increase in Benefits between 2021 to 2022. This is attributable to

the high representation expenses, necessity of renting more office space, trucks and other

infrastructures, and hiring more employees, due to the planned expansion in 2022 to two

more schools in Phnom Penh. Nevertheless, the steady growth of benefits went back to its

45

usual momentum on 2023 and it is expected that benefits will continuously increase

throughout the years.

It is also noteworthy that the first two months of 2020 shows a deficit. These two

months represent the duration of the registration process as a domestic Non-Governmental

Organization in Cambodia, and the negotiations between TRASHURE Center and CJCC and

RUPP.

As shown in the above graph, TRASHURE Center is confident that its operations will

remain productive through the foreseeable future.

Time value of money

Time value of money is a concept of finance that means that the value of money in

the future is less than the value of the same amount of money today. This may be due to

varying reasons, such as the possibility of investing your money today to generate more

money in the future, or the risks of default in effectively lending money, or inflation.54

Studying the time value of money in conducting Economic Feasibility Studies is

important to ensure that the projections of sales and expenses are reasonable and realistic.

In the case of this Feasibility Studies, time value of money shall be reflected in the financial

projections in the form of inflation.

The projected Expenses have been adjusted to reflect the inflation rates of Cambodia

as estimated by the International Monetary Fund.55 In case of Wages, wage increase is

incorporated in the projections by adjusting based on the trend of increase in the statutory

minimum wage in Cambodia throughout the previous years.56

Despite the adjustments brought by the factors of the time value of money, benefits

remain positive and steadily increasing, which in our opinion is a good sign for the success of

the projects of TRASHURE Center.

54 Time Value of Money (TVM). https://xplaind.com/325604/time-value-of-money. Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

55 World Economic Outlook Databases October 2018, International Monetary Fund, October 2019.

56 Cambodia Minimum Wages | 2019 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast | News.

https://tradingeconomics.com/cambodia/minimum-wages. Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

46

Break-Even Analysis

Break-even analysis is a very important tool that determines at what stage a company

or a product or service will be profitable.57 Break-even point refers to the specific number of

units sold where the gross profit will be equal to the total expenses. If the sales is greater than

break-even point, there is a net profit (or benefit) and hence, the project is successful.

The break-even point formula is Fixed Costs divided by the result of deducting variable

costs per unit of product from the sales price per unit. In case of TRASHURE Center, break-

even point is 209.46 kilograms of plastic waste per day.

(Please see computations of Break-Even Analysis in Annex D.)

The projected segregated plastic waste collection per day in the first year of

operations is 625 kg, which is above the 209.46 kg break-even point. This is a positive indicator

of the financial success of the projects of TRASHURE Center.

Return on Investment

Return on Investment or ROI is a financial ratio that determines the benefits the

investors will receive in relation to the investment cost.58 In case of TRASHURE Center, this

measures the benefits derived from the fund invested by the IATSS forum and other investors.

Return on Investment is computed by dividing the Benefits over Invested Funds.59 As

a rule, the higher the ROI, the better return for capital infusion; hence, the project is more

successful in the point of view of the investors.

57 ClearTax. Break-Even Analysis - Definition, Formula & Examples. https://cleartax.in/s/break-even-analysis. Accessed 7 Nov.

2019.

58 “ROI Metrics Are Direct, Easy-to-Interpret Profitability Measures.” Business Case Web Site, 24 Feb. 2016,

https://www.business-case-analysis.com/return-on-investment.html.

59 “Return on Investment: Definition, Formula & Example - Video & Lesson Transcript.” Study.Com,

https://study.com/academy/lesson/return-of-investment-definition-formula-example.html. Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

47

The chart below shows the projected Return on Investment from 2020 to 2024:

Chart 2: Return on Investments from 2020 to 2023

The chart above shows a continuous increase in the Return on Investment for

TRASHURE Center. This is a good sign which shows that the funds are used efficiently for the

everyday operation of TRASHURE Center. The slower increase in ROI between 2020 and 2021

is due to the increase in expenses brought by the expansion of TRASHURE Center activities to

schools in Phnom Penh, as discussed above.

Profitability index

Another important tool for Economic Feasibility analysis is the profitability index. The

profitability index measures the ratio of the present value of future cash flows from a project

and the initial investment. It is optimum to have a profitability index greater than 1.60 This

result means that the project will generate value for the investments.

In case of TRASHURE Center, the profitability index is 14.58 which translates to good

returns from the initial investment.

60 “Profitability Index - Learn How to Calculate the Profitability Index.” Corporate Finance Institute,

https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/accounting/profitability-index/. Accessed 7 Nov. 2019.

48

8. Conclusion

Plastic pollution is currently one of the biggest environmental concerns. It may seem like

large amounts of plastic waste are inevitable in the world we live in, but you can help with

the plastic pollution issue by being aware of its dangers and taking steps to reduce waste.

The amount of garbage in the world increases as the population grows, and disposable plastic

products, such as water bottles that accumulated over time. Plastic pollution occurs when

plastic has gathered in an area that it affects the natural environment and harms plants,

animals, or humans.

Plastic has toxic pollutants that damage the environment and cause land, water, and

air pollution. It can take hundreds or even thousands of years for plastic to break down, so

the damage to the environment is long-lasting.

Cambodia is one of the countries has been generated big amount solid waste

particularly in Phnom Penh, the capital city of Cambodia which estimated at close to 1 million

tons a year and plastic waste covers approximately 20 % of total waste. Due to lack of

improper sorting system, people’s ignorance, limitation of environmental media and recycling

plant. Moreover, landfill in Phnom Penh would over capacity by 2020. So, something should

be done in Phnom Penh to solve this issue, it needs more participatory from different

stakeholders for taking actions through TRASHURE Center’s 3Cs principles as the pillars of

sustainable community design.

By integrating all the stakeholders in environmental protection (institutions, NGOs,

and eco-friendly start up), our power to act would be exponentially affect the result on plastic

reduction. Therefore, we would achieve a community with eco-friendly life-style to achieve

inclusive and clean city in Phnom Penh.

49

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| 22.07.2016.” DW.COM, https://www.dw.com/en/cambodias-battle-against-plastic-

bag-waste/a-19421174. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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2035. 2018, p. 148.

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2019.

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Down2Earth Materials, 14 Feb. 2013,

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22. Delaney, Paul. “HOW LONG IT TAKES FOR SOME EVERYDAY ITEMS TO DECOMPOSE.”

Down2Earth Materials, 14 Feb. 2013,

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Nov. 2019.

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waste. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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28. Spiess, Robin, and Cheng Sokhorng. Employers Required to Pay More into NSSF for

Workers | Phnom Penh Post.

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workers. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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http://www.igniss.com/calorific-value-waste.

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Nov. 2019.

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https://www.cleanbodia.com. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

32. Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. “Cambodia: A Country Sinks into Rubbish | DW |

23.08.2019.” DW.COM, https://www.dw.com/en/cambodia-a-country-sinks-into-

rubbish/av-49832059. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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kh.com/members/rehash-trash/. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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enviroment/economic-trend.html. Accessed 8 Nov. 2019.

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World Economic Forum, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/06/cambodia-

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11 July 2017, https://www.upwork.com/hiring/startup/7-leadership-qualities-every-

project-manager-possess/.

i

Annex A. Stakeholder Analysis

Stakeholder Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat

Cambodian-Japan Cooperation Center (CJCC)

● Already have waste segregation system.

● The university members have a good understanding on segregation system.

● Head of HR is president of Cambodia IATSS Alumni Association.

● IATSS Forum recognizes CJCC as a country secretary.

● Small number of students and officers which create less impact on waste segregation.

● Easier to Collaborate for environmental campaign

● Plastic waste supply is free.

● Possibility of the change in CJCC’s policy

● Possibility of the change in government policy in waste management

Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP)

● The largest university in Cambodia

● Large number of students- more than 20,000

● Vice-rector of RUPP is the chairperson of Cambodia IATSS Committee

● No waste segregation system

● More expenditure needed on workshops and bins

● Plastic waste supply is free.

● Large number of students create more impact.

● Possibility of the change in RUPP’s policy

● Possibility of the change in government policy in waste management

American Intercon School (AIS)

• 6 campuses in Phnom Penh

• 1,280 students

• no segregation system

• Plastic waste supply is free.

• Large number of students create more impact.

• Possibility of the change in AIS’s policy

Trash Depot ● Many small and large trash depot in Phnom Penh

● Limited resources such as workers and storage, etc.

● Unstable business due to economic situations.

● 2 recycling plants are scheduled to open in 2020 – 2021 in Cambodia.

● Plastic price fluctuation

● Ban of plastic waste export to foreign market.

ii

Stakeholder Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat

● No certain business plan because most of them are family business.

Smart bin ● Accessible, free of charge to the public

● Reward points as an incentive

● Innovative solution to solve the environment issue

● Lack of government funding

● The system is still in developing process.

● First app for waste segregation in Cambodia

● Probability of failure

Coconut school

● Unique appearance (school built by plastic and recycled waste)

● School teaches about plastic waste recycle.

● 2 locations at Kirirom and Koh Dach

● Small number of students

● Limited fund ● Only 1 teacher in

each location

● The school welcomes environmental field trip.

● Media coverage

● Loss of income of the student’s family (students worked for their family living.)

Rehash Trash

● First social enterprise in Cambodia.

● Women community making souvenir using plastic waste.

● Located in famous tourist attraction – Siem Reap.

● Siem Reap is quite far from Phnom Penh (~318 km).

● Promoting local community income and identity.

● Rehash Trash welcomes environmental field trip.

● Rehash trash already has a workshop on waste craft.

-

Cambo Bio Green

● Cassava alternative is cheaper than plastic.

● Small scale of production.

● Limited network and marketing.

● Market demand is large.

● Probability of failure.

● Product quality consistency.

Clean Bodia ● Cassava alternative is

- ● Market demand is large.

-

iii

Stakeholder Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat

cheaper than plastic.

● The product quality is similar to plastic.

● Big scale production.

● Large networks and marketing.

Traditional Media

● TV, newspapers and radio have a wide coverage.

● Traditional media advertisements is costly.

● Heavy coverage on entertainment than environmental issue.

● Environmental issues attract some traditional reporters.

● Heavily influenced by government.

Digital Media (including social media)

● Facebook is the most popular social media platform in Cambodia.

● Limited internet access in sub-urban and rural area.

● Digital media heavily covers on entertainment than environmental issue.

● Connection with Business Cambodia (the local online news platform).

● The policy of social media advertising change time to time.

● Limited post with free of charge (Business Cambodia).

iv

Annex B.

TRASHURE Center’s Action Plan 2020

Vision: “Collaborating with community to create a greener and more resilient Cambodia”

Motto: “Cambodia without useless plastic waste”

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

1. To initiate the introduction of plastic waste segregation from the consumers to recycling units

Cambodian – Japan Cooperation Center (CJCC)

1. Sign 5-year termMoU with administration regarding plastic waste segregation and plastic waste collection, review and renew as appropriate

CJCC, TRASHURE

Center

5-year term MoU signed

2. Conduct workshop on TRASHURE introduction University members recognize TRASHUR’s objectives and cooperate on waste segregation.

At least 1 workshop conducted. At least 1 representative from each department attend.

3. Collect segregated plastic waste and take it to trash depot

CJCC, TRASHURE

University members segregate waste created.

Average 10 kg. of plastic

v

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Center, Trash depot

trash collected/ working day

4. Form an environmental volunteer club CJCC, TRASHURE

Center

University members recognize the important of environmental club.

Environmental club formed with more than 5 members.

5. Conduct regular meeting TRASHURE follows up and updates on the segregation activities

At least 4 meetings conducted in 2020.

Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP)

6. Sign 5-years term MoU with administration regarding plastic waste segregation and plastic waste collection, review and renew as appropriate

RUPP, TRASHURE

Center

5-year term MoU signed

7. Conduct workshop on waste segregation systems for students and officials.

University members recognize TRASHUR objectives and cooperate on waste segregation.

At least 1 workshop conducted. At least 1 representative from each department attend.

vi

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

8. Provide waste bins for the university RUPP, TRASHURE

Center

At least 20 bins provided to RUPP

9. Collect segregated plastic waste and take it to trash depot

RUPP, TRASHURE

Center, Trash depot

600 kg. of plastic trash collected/ working day

10. Form an environmental volunteer club RUPP, TRASHURE

Center

University students & members recognize the important of environmental club.

Environmental club formed with more than 10 members.

11. Conduct regular meeting TRASHURE follows up and updates on the segregation activities.

At least 4 meetings conducted in 2020.

Trash Depot

12. Negotiate for long term fixed price (3 months)

Trash depots,

TRASHURE Center

settle agreement for at least

Smart Bin

13. Collaborate to promote waste segregation. Smart Bin, TRASHURE

Center,

People recognize the importance of waste segregation.

Increase smart bin application

vii

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

CJCC, RUPP, Public

download by 5 %

2. To optimize the benefits generated from plastic waste segregation for raising public awareness

Cambodian – Japan Cooperation Center (CJCC) & Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP)

14. Organizer environmental field trips to like- minded NGOs for university students and public.

CJCC, RUPP, Public

TRASHURE Center,

NGOs such as Coconut

school, Rehash trash

University members and the general public realize the value of recycling and recognize simple solution toward plastic waste.

Organize field trip 2 times/year.

At least. 50 people join the field trip.

15. Make a promotional video from simple recycling concepts to help fundraising for coconut school.

Coconut School,

TRASHURE Center

Get some funding from public after releasing Coconut promotional video on social media.

All donated money would be given to Coconut School.

16. Organize awareness events by inviting environmentalist/ NGOs/eco-friendly start-ups.

CJCC, RUPP TRASHURE

Center, Coconut

school, Rehash trash

General public recognize the importance of environmental issues, and realize the opportunity of eco-friendly business in Cambodia.

Organize events at least 3 times/year

viii

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Cambo Bio Green,

Cleanbodia, Media

17. Organize environmental fairs. CJCC, RUPP TRASHURE

Center, Coconut

school, Rehash trash

Cambo Bio Green,

Cleanbodia, Media

General public recognize the importance of environmental issues and the reductions of plastic use./ The start ups and NGOs can make more networking.

Organize exhibition at least 1 time/year. More than 20 booths in the fairs.

3. To promote the reduction of plastic use by collaborating with other companies and entities

Cambo Bio Green & Cleanbodia

18. Build networks between these companies and existing restaurants/other entities.

Cambo Bio Green,

TRASHURE Center

The restaurants and other packaging company know more about Cambo Bio Green.

At least 3 companies introduced to Cambo Bio Green.

19. Promote their products / activities in our social media platform

Cambo Bio, Cleanbodia, TRASHURE

Center

TRASHURE’s subscribers know about the alternative products.

ix

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

20. Introduce their products to universities Cambo Bio, Cleanbodia, TRASHURE

Center,

CJCC,RUPP.

The universities know about the alternative products.

Introduce the alternative products in the regular meetings.

4. To create communication channel through media platforms.

21. Invite traditional media into TRASHURE’s programs and activities.

TRASHURE

Center, Media

Traditional media knows what we are doing and our objectives.

At least 2 traditional media are invited to major activities (workshop introduction and fairs)

22. Create communication channel through social media (Facebook, website,)

TRASHURE Center

Created at least 2 social media platforms

At least 2 posts per week and subscribers increase after every post.

23. Promote TRASHUREs activities and other NGOs’ activities constantly.

TRASHURE Center

At least 2 posts per week and

x

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

subscribers increase after every post.

xi

TRASHURE Center’s Action Plan 2021

Vision : “Collaborating with community to create a greener and more resilient Cambodia”

Motto : “Cambodia without useless plastic waste”

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

1. To initiate the introduction of plastic waste segregation from the consumers to recycling units

Cambodian – Japan Cooperation Center (CJCC)

1. Collect segregated plastic waste and take it to trash depot

CJCC, TRASHURE

Center, Trash depot

University members segregate waste created.

Average 10 kg. of plastic trash collected/ working day

2. Conduct regular meeting CJCC, TRASHURE

Center

TRASHURE CENTER follows up and updates on the segregation activities

At least 4 meetings conducted in 2021.

Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP)

3. Conduct workshop on waste segregation systems for students and officials.

RUPP, TRASHURE

Center

University members recognize TRASHUR CENTER objectives and cooperate on waste segregation.

At least 1 workshop conducted. At least 1 representative from each

xii

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

department attend.

4. Provide waste bins for the university RUPP, TRASHURE

Center

At least 20 bins provided to RUPP

5. Collect segregated plastic waste and take it to trash depot

RUPP, TRASHURE

Center, Trash depot

600 kg. of plastic trash collected/ working day

6. Conduct regular meeting TRASHURE CENTER follows up and updates on the segregation activities.

At least 4 meetings conducted in 2021

AIS Schools

7. Sign 5-years term MoU with administration regarding plastic waste segregation and plastic waste collection, review and renew as appropriate

5-year term MoU signed

8. Conduct workshop on waste segregation systems for students and officials.

University members recognize TRASHUR

objectives and cooperate on waste segregation.

At least 1 workshop conducted. At least 1 representative from each

xiii

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

AIS Schools, TRASHURE

Center

department attend.

9. Provide waste bins for the university At least 20 bins provided to RUPP

10. Collect segregated plastic waste and take it to trash depot

AIS schools, TRASHURE

Center, Trash depot

University students & members recognize the important of environmental club.

600 kg. of plastic trash collected/ working day

11. Conduct regular meeting AIS schools, TRASHURE

Center

TRASHURE follows up and updates on the segregation activities.

Environmental club formed with more than 10 members.

Trash Depot

12. Negotiate for long term fixed price (3 months) with more trash depots in case of oversupply.

Trash depots,

TRASHURE Center

settle agreement for at least

NGOs

13. Collaborate with new and existing NGOs to promote waste segregation.

NGOs, TRASHURE

Center,

People recognize the importance of waste segregation.

xiv

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Public

2. To optimize the benefits generated from plastic waste segregation for raising public awareness

Cambodian – Japan Cooperation Center (CJCC) & Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP)

14. Organizer environmental field trips to like- minded NGOs for university students and public.

CJCC, RUPP, Public

TRASHURE Center,

NGOs

University members and the general public realize the value of recycling and recognize simple solution toward plastic waste.

Organize field trip 2 times/year.

At least. 50 people join the field trip.

15. Make a promotional video from simple recycling concepts to help fundraising for selected NGOs

NGOs, TRASHURE

Center

Get some funding from public after releasing promotional video on social media.

All donated money would be given to selected NGOs

16. Organize awareness events by inviting environmentalist/ NGOs/eco-friendly start-ups.

NGOs, start-ups,

TRASHURE Center, Media

General public recognize the importance of environmental issues, and realize the opportunity of eco-friendly business in Cambodia.

Organize events at least 3 times/year

17. Organize environmental fairs. NGOs, TRASHURE

Center, Private

company,

General public recognize the importance of environmental issues and the reductions of plastic use./ The start ups and NGOs can make more networking.

Organize exhibition at least 1 time/year. More than 20

xv

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Media booths in the fairs.

3. To promote the reduction of plastic use by collaborating with other companies and entities

Cambo Bio Green & Cleanbodia

24. Help to build networks with existing restaurants and others.

Cambo Bio Green,

TRASHURE Center

The restaurants and other packaging company know

more about Cambo Bio Green.

At least 3 companies

introduced to Cambo Bio

Green.

25. Promote their products / activities in our social media platform

Cambo Bio, Cleanbodia, TRASHURE

Center

TRASHURE’s subscribers know about the alternative products.

26. Introduce their products to universities Cambo Bio, Cleanbodia, TRASHURE

Center,

CJCC,RUPP.

The universities know about the alternative products.

Introduce the alternative

products in the regular

meetings.

4. To create communication channel through social media

27. Invite traditional media into TRASHURE’s programs and activities.

TRASHURE Center

Traditional media knows what we are doing and our

objectives.

At least 2 traditional media are invited to

xvi

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

major activities (workshop

introduction and fairs)

28. Create communication channel through social media (Facebook, website,)

TRASHURE Center

Created at least 2 social media platforms

At least 2 posts per week and subscribers increase after every post.

29. Promote TRASHUREs activities and other NGOs’ activities constantly.

TRASHURE Center

At least 2 posts per week and subscribers increase after every post.

xvii

TRASHURE Center’s Action Plan 2021 - 2025

Vision : “Collaborating with community to create a greener and more resilient Cambodia”

Motto : “Cambodia without useless plastic waste”

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

1. To initiate the introduction of plastic waste segregation from the consumers to recycling units 1. Expand the waste segregation

system to other schools / universities in Phnom Penh

TRASHURE Center,

Universities, Schools

More schools and universities in Phnom Penh involved in TRASHURE’s segregation systems.

at least 5 more schools or universities involved in the segregation systems by 2023

2. Expand the waste segregation system to local communities in Phnom Penh

TRASHURE Center,

Universities, Schools

More schools, universities and local communities outside Phnom Penh involved in TRASHURE’s segregation systems.

at least 2 new targeted area involved in the segregation systems by 2025

2. To optimize the benefits generated from plastic waste segregation for raising public awareness 3. Organizer environmental field

trips to like- minded NGOs for institutions and public.

Schools, universities., TRASHURE

Center, NGOs

Schools/universities/local communities’ members and the general public realize the value of recycling and recognize simple solution toward plastic waste.

Organize field trip 2 times/year. At least. 50 people join the field trip.

4. Organize awareness events by inviting environmentalist/ NGOs/eco-friendly start-ups.

Schools, universities,

General public TRASHURE

General public recognize the importance of environmental issues, and realize the opportunity of eco-friendly business in Cambodia.

Organize events at least 3 times/year

xviii

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

Center, NGOS, Start-ups

5. Organize environmental fairs. Schools, universities,

General public TRASHURE

Center, NGOS, Start-ups,

Private companies,

Media

General public recognize the importance of environmental issues and the reductions of plastic use./ the start-ups and NGOs, private companies can make more networking. /

Organize exhibition at least 1 time/year. More than 20 booths in the fairs.

6. Make a promotional video from simple recycling concepts to help fundraising for selected NGOs. .

TRASHURE Center,

Selected NGOs.

General public realize the importance of the environmental issues, and donate fund for selected NGOs.

Release at least 1 video/year for fundraising.

3. To promote the reduction of plastic use by collaborating with other companies and entities 7. Build connection between eco-

friendly startups with existing network.

Start-ups, TRASHURE

Center, Existing network.

Eco friendly start-ups are able to make connection with existing networks.

At least 1 entity introduced to start ups.

8. Promote eco-friendly products / activities in our social media platform

NGOs, Start-ups, Private

companies, TRASHURE Center

TRASHURE’s subscribers know about the alternative products.

9. Introduce eco-friendly products to TRASHURE Center’s existing networks.

TRASHURE Center,

Networks.

TREASURE’s networks know about the alternative products.

Introduce the alternative products to TRASHURE’s network

4. To create communication channel through social media

xix

No. Detailed Strategies and Activities Responsible Parties

Key Outputs Succeed Indicators

Timeline 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

10. Invite traditional media into TRASHURE Center’s programs and activities.

TRASHURE Center

Traditional media knows TRASHURE CENTER our objectives.

At least 2 traditional media are invited to major activities (workshop, and fairs)

11. Promote TRASHURE Center’s activities and other network’s’ activities constantly.

TRASHURE Center

At least 2 posts per week and subscribers increase after every post.

xx Annex C. Sales and Expenses Projection 2020-2023

2020 2021 2022 2023

Sales from segregated plastic wastes 35,000.00

63,000.00

84,000.00

117,600.00

Income from field study 800.00

820.00

840.00

860.00

Gross Profit 35,800.00

63,820.00

84,840.00

118,460.00

Expenses: Plastic waste segregation:

Rental Expense - Truck 5,000.00

9,239.40

15,861.00

22,205.40

Safety Equipment 400.00

615.96

1,057.40

1,524.76

Representation Allowance 1,700.00

1,050.00

1,200.00

1,400.00

Formation of Environment Club in the University 950.00

1,025.00

1,625.00

2,275.00

Depreciation - trash bins 266.70

484.20

813.84

1,151.38

Total Expenses 8,316.70

12,414.56

20,557.24

28,556.54

Environmental awareness campaigns

Educational Field Trips 1,072.00

1,100.52

1,133.53

1,167.54

Promotional Videos for local start-ups in waste reduction

150.00

150.00

150.00

150.00

Representation Allowance - Meetings with Universities and Students

150.00

225.00

300.00

375.00

Environment Related Exhibitions in universities and public places

500.00

500.00

500.00

500.00

Total Expenses 1,872.00

1,975.52

2,083.53

2,192.54

Promote Reduction of Plastic Use: Representation Allowance - Meetings with Restaurants

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

Social Media Boostingn - Alternative Products 120.00

240.00

240.00

240.00

Total Expenses 220.00

340.00

340.00

340.00

Communication Channels through traditional media and social media

Domain Name 14.00

14.00

14.00

14.00

Marketing Expense - Traditional Media 200.00

205.32

211.48

217.82

Social Media Boosting (2 posts per week) 800.00

960.00

960.00

960.00

Total Expenses 1,014.00

1,179.32

1,185.48

1,191.82

General and Administrative Expenses:

xxi

Rental Expense - Office -

2,400.00

4,800.00

4,800.00

Wages 7,280.00

14,284.80

20,620.80

27,744.00

Mandatory Health Insurance 247.52

485.68

861.78

943.30

Electricity Bill 220.00

246.36

507.60

522.72

Gas 2,000.00

3,695.76

6,344.40

9,148.56

Telephone 120.00

123.24

253.68

261.36

Internet 120.00

123.24

253.68

261.36

Registration Fee 500.00

-

-

500.00

Miscellaneous Expense 300.00

300.00

300.00

300.00

Depreciation - Furnishing 39.96

39.96

81.12

81.12

Depreciation - Website 83.30

99.96

99.96

99.96

Total Expenses 10,910.78

21,799.00

34,123.02

44,662.38

Total Expenses 22,333.48

37,708.40

58,289.27

76,943.28

Income before tax 13,466.52

26,111.60

26,550.73

41,516.72

Income tax 2,916.64

5,222.32

5,310.15

8,303.34

Benefit (Deficit) 10,549.88

20,889.28

21,240.59

33,213.38