tai lieu on tap tot nghiep thpt

8/3/2019 Tai Lieu on Tap Tot Nghiep Thpt

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The one who can move a big mountainis the very one who has taken away stone after stone

Ngi chuyen di c mot qua nui lnchnh la ke a chuyen di i tng vien a nho

(Ngan ng Trung Hoa)

Phan 1: PRONUNCIATION

I. Pronunciation:1. Consonants: / p, b, t, d, k, g, dz, r, j, m, n, f, l, v, h, w, s, z,.. /2. vowels: / i, e, a, o, u, /3. Notes: Cach oc nhng am tan cung la / s, es /

a. oi vi t tan cung la: s, x, ch, sh, ge, ce / iz / : washeloses, kisses

b. oi vi t tan cung la: p, k, t / s / : sits, stops, looks .c. oi vi t tan cung la: m, d, r, n, l, v, b, g va nguyen a / z / : knows, sings,.

Cach oc nhng am tan cung la / ed /

a. oi vi t tan cung la: t,d / id / : ended, started .b. oi vi t tan cung la: p, k, f, ss, x, sh, sh .. / t /:stopped, passed, finished .c. oi vi t tan cung la: m, r, n, l, v, b, g, z va nguyen a / d / : robbed, clothed,

Exercise: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differentlyfrom the other words

1. A. university B. student C. volunteer D. museum2. A. game B. organize C. angry D. college3. A. win B. wine C. wrong D. wet4. A. read B. teach C. please D. break5. A. hour B. honest C. vehicle D. happy6. A. blood B. food C. childhood D. understood7. A. music B. city C. send D. said8. A. church B. child C. chemistry D. cheese9. A. sword B. wear C. wet D. swamp10. A. surgery B. curtain C. cure D. curdle11. A. heal B. head C. seal D. lean12. A. here B. there C. cheer D. sphere13. A. who B. when C. what D. why14. A. off B. of C. first D. fan15. A. corn B. price C. piece D. concept

16. A. well B. week C. two D. forward17. A. ear B. hear C. near D. heart18. A. satellite B. light C. might D. lit19. A. laser B. cancer C. attack D. scalpel20. A. energy B. gift C. biology D. agency21. A. meat B. accept C. ending D. weather22. A. poison B. reason C. laser D. sack23. A. nitric B. oxide C. timber D. tiny24. A. summer B. since C. sure D. sound25. A. vapor B. famous C. waste D. plastic26. A. erosion B. smog C. disposal D. process27. A. washed B. matched C. indented D. walked


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28. A. repaired B. watched C. finished D. taped29. A. left handed B. looked C. stopped D. liked30. A. plays B. gets C. swims D. cleans31. A. shakes b. washes C. steps D. meets32. A. pleasant B. pens C. books D. opens33. A. stops B. calculates C. laughs D. occasion34. A. than B. theatre C. theory D. thorough35. A. consumption B. production C. industrial D. industry36.

A. little B. possible C. edible D. terrible37. A. habitat B. rapid C. informant D. manage38. A. quay B. technique C. key D. queen39. A. company B. companion C. apprentice D. extra40. A. respect B. estimate C. guess D. access41. A. accustomed B. accurate C. accompany D. success42. A. plough B. rough C. tough D. enough43. A. wild B. wide C. white D. bewilder44. A. possibly B. psychology C. special D. program45. A. situation B. aspiration C. statue D. lecture46. A. drive B. bike C. idea D. winning47.

A. supply B. reply C. why D. rhythm48. A. possession B. address C. guess D. mess49. A. coming B. ocean C. contrary D. obstacles50. A. toothache B. therefore C. thrill D. author

II. Stress:1.Dau nhan trong t co 2 am tiet thng nam : + van th 2 oi vong t.

+ van th 1 oi vi danh t hoac tt.

Notes: oi vi nhng t tan cung la uoi: en, er, on .. vamot so t khong nam trong quy luat nay nen cach phat amnhng t nay phai da vao t ien e phat am cho chnhxac.

2. Dau nhan trong t co hn 2 am tiet thng c phat am da trennhng quy luat sau:

a. Dau nhan thng nam van trcion, ial, ical, ity, itive, itantic, ous, ual .. : mathematical, magic ..b. oi vi nhng t tan cung la: fy, ate, ize. Dau nhan se nam van th 3 em t di len : delicate c. Dau nhan thng nam chnh nhng van oon, ese, ee, oo . :bamboo, afternoon

d. Danh t kep co dau nhan nam danh t ng trc :bookshop, welfare ..A. Choose the word that the stress is on the first syllable:

1. A. company B. protect C. situation D. possession2. A. volcanic B. welfare C. retain D. organic3. A. legal B. convention C. cosmetic D. absorb4. A. discover B. scientific C. horrible D. develop5. A. American B. intelligent C. impossible D. comfortable6. A. forbid B. fearsome C. inject D. involve7. A. discard B. disposal C. especially D. element8. A. investigate B. irrigate C. intensity D. nonsmoker

9. A. alone B. customer C. conceal D. conflict


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10. A. apprentice B. attendance C. basic D.caress

B. Choose the word that the stress is on the second syllable:1. A. sulphur B. sulphuric C. undergrowth D. tissue2. A. solidify B. section C. scalpel D. process3. A. independent B. whether C. open D. together4. A. sugar B. double C. enough D. argue5. A. special B. medicine C. language D. experience6. A. gallery B. everyone C. reservation D. guitarist7. A. police B. government C. modern D. consequent8. A. safeguarding B. resources C. sanguine D. property9. A. part time B. obstacle C. mineral D. outnumber10. A. element B. erosion C. gesture D. foreign

C. Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from theothers in each group:

1. A. private B. property C. approach D. foreign2. A. outnumber B. continent C. scholarship D. illustrate3. A. nation B. possess C. themselves D. provide4. A. different B. instruction C. anything D. singular

5. A. meaning B. business C. recognize D. prediction6. A. example B. following C. homonym D. difficulty7. A. understand B. overcome C. disappoint D. apparent8. A. maintain B. reclaim C. enjoy D. concert9. A. suggestion B. cigarette C. environment D. protection10. A. necessary B. continue C. irrigate D.

different11. A. against B. believe C. drainage D.

enrich12. A. element B. fertilizer C. quantity D.

erosion

13. A. American B. represent C. discover D.adventure14. A. experience B. communicate C. frightening

inherit15. A. disappoint B. ancestry C. comfortable

heavily16. A. repeat B. between C. caress D.

welfare17. A. military B. committee C. intimacy D.

surgery18. A. before B. arrive C. imply D.

countless19. A. incredible B. humidity C. necessitydefinition

20. A. begin B. mountain C. kingdom D.passage

21. A. dinosaur B. calendar C. eternal D.history

22. A. document B. develop C. opponentastonish

23. A. definition B. production C. situation D.politician


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a few a little: ( mot vai, mot t ), thng mang ngha khang nva ch mot so lng nho

Eg: A large number of students have part time jobs nowadays.A large number ofva A great deal ofc dung trong cau khan

nh. Much/ Many c dung trong cau phu nh va nghi van, caukhang nh co so, such, too, as..

Only a few = few, Only a little = little4. ALL MOST SOME NO.all , most, some, no + ( adjective ) + plural noun / uncountable nounall of, most of, some of, none of + determiners ( a, an, the, my, his, this,

that ) + noun + pronouns ( them , us. )

Eg: Most of her friends live abroad.All children are fond of candy.

Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. When we were on holiday, we spend too -------------- money.A. a lot of B. many C. much D. lots of

2. We couldnt buy anything because -------------- of the shops were openA. all B. half C. most D. none3. I think that -------------- lemon juice on fish makes it taste better.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little4. -------------- dont visit this part of the town.A. The most tourists B. Most of tourists C. Most touristsMost the tourists5. -------------- has left a bicycle outside.A. Anyone B. Anything C. Someone D. Something6. -------------- cups of coffee have you taken?A. How manyB. How much C. How D. How far7. Theres -------------- use in complaining. They probably wont do anythabout it.A. a few B. a little C. few D. little8. It is boring here. -------------- ever happens in this place.A. Anything B. Something C. Things D. Nothing9. I spend -------------- my spare time gardening.A. most B. the most of C. most of D. most of the10. The village is very small. There are -------------- houses.A. a few B. only a few C. some D. only a little11. All the guests were dancing. -------------- having the good time.A. All were B. Every was C. Everyone was D. Someone wer12. We tried a lot of hotel but -------------- of them had any rooms.A. some B. most C. any D. none13. Bill is very lazy. He never does -------------- work.A. some B. any C. no D. few14. Mason owns a chain of supermarket. Hes made -------------- money.A. a lot of B. many C. much D. a great number of 15. He can speak -------------- English, so it is not difficult to communicatewith him.A. little B. a little C. few D. a few16. Her employer gave her a good recommendation because she makes-------------- mistakes in her work.A. a few B. little C. very few D. some


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17. I dont want to buy any of these books. I have got --------------.A. all B. all them C. everything D. them all18. The shop is very quiet. There are -------------- customers have come inA. a few B. a little C. only a few D. only a little19. -------------- paintings have been sold.A. A large number of B. a great deal of C. much of D.many of20. The tickets cost --------------, so we cant afford them.A. too much B. too many C. so much D. so many

II. Prepositions and Phrasal verbs :1. Gii t sau tnh t2. Cum t: Verb + Noun phrase + Preposition3. Gii t theo sau GO:4. Gii t i vi thi gian:

AT: dung e ch thi iem ( at 5 oclock/ at midnight/ at noon/ at nigat lunch time/ at Christmas/ at the weekend ) ON: dung ch ngay, ngay thang, ngay thang nam (on Monday

Sunday morning/

on 16 Friday/ on 30 April, 2008/ on my birthday ) IN: dung e ch thang, nam, mua, buoi (in September/ in 2008the morning/ in the summer

5. Gii t theo sau ong t:apologize to sb for sth / V - ng apply/ask for (a job) belotowait for differ from smile/ laatintroduce to sb suffer from give up

arrive at/ in look at/ up/ for/ after/ forward to consist of

put on/ off concern with/ about stand for

run out of infer from account forsucceed in date back to prevent sbfrom V- ing be used up protect sb/sth frombe up toprovide/ supply sb with be involved in depend/ onbe keen on insist on take off

Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. Attending all the lectures is important -------------- us.A. for B. to C. at D. on2. Smoking is -------------- to your health.A. good B. serious C. accustomed D. harmful3. I am sorry -------------- the noise last night. We were having aparty.A. in B. at C. about D. with4. I am sure you are capable -------------- guiding the tourists.A. of B. on C. for D. about5. Its very kind -------------- him to do it for us.A. about B. of C. to D. with


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6. He is very keen -------------- English, but he is not good ----------listening.A. at/ on B. on/ at C. at/ at D. to/ of 7. Your hairstyle is quite similar -------------- me.A. of B. to C. from D. with8. Hurry up or you will be late -------------- school.A. on B. in C. to D. for9. What he said was contrary -------------- common sense.A. for B. about C. of D. to10. I dont think he was present -------------- the meeting yesterdayA. about B. in C. at D. on11. Are you serious -------------- learning to be an architect?A. for B. about C. with D. at12. She has become very famous -------------- her novels.A. for B. about C. on D. in13. What is the difference -------------- a boat and a ship?A. between B. from C. under D. with14. We are all bored -------------- this game.A. about B. at C. for D. with15.

The cameras prevent motorists -------------- speed.A. by B. from C. for D with16. A great number of people are involved -------------- the use ofEnglish.A. in B. on C. at D. to17. English is used -------------- an access to world scholarship andworld trade.A. to B. for C. like D. as18. There were a power failure and all the lights went --------------.A. up B. out C. after D. along19. The police went -------------- the burglars.

A. after B. over C. down D. up20. We are going -------------- a few days for the holidays.A. away B. up C. on D. out21. The dog wants to go -------------- towards the fire.A. away B. back C. after D. along22. The prize of petrol is going -------------- because the cost of theexploitation is too high.A. down B. up C. along D. on23. Go -------------- your work carefully before you hand it in.A. over B. up C. back D. into24. As time goes -------------- my memory seems to get worse.

A. down B. by C. out D. away25. You should try to study hard to -------------- your classmates.A. make fun of B. keep pace with C. lose track of D. pay attention26. The man whom you -------------- on the bus yesterday is myfather.A. took notice of B. made fuss over C. put a stop to D. made room fo27. He was very angry because they -------------- him.A. took account of B. set fire to C. made fun of D. lost touch wit28. The teacher made allowance -------------- his marks because hifather was in hospital.A. up B. for C. to D. of


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29. Write your name -------------- the top of the page.A. in B. at C. to D. with30. Mozart was born in Salzburg -------------- 1756.A. at B. on C. in D. from31. -------------- Saturday night I went to bed -------------- 11 oclock.A. At/ on B. In/ at C. On/ at D. At/ to32. These days everybody is aware -------------- the dangers of smoking.A. up b. of C. to D. with33. Many young people want to be independent -------------- theirparents nowadays.A. on B. up C. from D. of 34. Why are two schools so -------------- from each other.A. similar B. same C. different D. afraid35. The child is very -------------- at arithmetic.A. quick B. prefect C. sad D. rich

III. Word form and word meaning :1. Nouns: Danh t thng ng cac v tr sau:

a.

Chu ng cua cau ( S )b. Sau tnh t hoac tnh t s hu ( adj + N, her/ his/ my/ their/ + N )c.Sau mao t: a/ an/ the ( a/ an/ the + adj + noun )d. Sau gii t: ( of, in, on, from, to, about, with...) hoac t ch solng ( a few/ little, some, any, much, most

2. Adjectives: Tnh t thng ng cac v tr sau:a. Trc danh t, bo nghia cho danh tb. Sau ong t to be hoac ong t linking verbs" ( get, seem, keep,

make, become, feel . )c. Sau cac cau truc: so. that, enough, too. to, dang so sanh ( more,

most, less, as.. as. )3. Adverbs: Trang t thng ng cac v tr sau:a. Trc hoac ong t thng: ( S - V . + adv hoac S +adv + V. )b. Trc tnh t: ( be, seem + adv + adj )c. au cau ( sau dau phay ) hoac cuoi cau.

Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. He is unhappy because of his --------------.

A. deaf B. deafen C. deafness D. deafened2. This country has -------------- climate.

A. continent B. continental C. continence D. continentally

3. She has a -------------- for pink.A. prefer B. preferential C. preferentially D. preference4. Computers are -------------- used in schools and universities.

A. widely B. wide C. widen D. width5. I sometimes do not feel -------------- when I am at a party.

A. comfort B. comfortable C. comforted D. comfortably6. English is the language of --------------.

A. communicative B. communication C. communicate D. communicativ7. I have to do this job because I have no --------------.

A. choose B. choice C. choosing D. chosen8. He is not very -------------- of criticism.

A. tolerable B. tolerated C. tolerant D. tolerating


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9. English is used by pilots to ask for landing -------------- in Cairo.A. instruct B. instructors C. instructions D. instructive

10. He did some odd jobs at home --------------.A. disappointment B. disappoint C. disappointed D. disappointedl

11. Dont be afraid. This snake is --------------.A. harm B. harmful C. harmless D. unharmed

12. During his --------------, his family lived in the United State.A. child B. childhood C. childish D. childlike

13.

Jack London wrote several -------------- novels on adventure.A. interest B. interestedly C. interesting D. interested14. He failed the final exam because he didnt make any -------------- for it.

A. prepare B. preparation C. preparing D. prepared15.The custom was said to be a matter of --------------.

A. convenient B. convenience C. conveniently D. convene16. She is -------------- in her book.

A. absorbed B. absorbent C. absorptive D. absorb17. As she is so -------------- with her present job, she has decided to leave.

A. satisfy B. satisfied C. satisfying D. unsatisfied18. Although her visit wasnt --------------, we made her welcome just the same.

A. expect B. expected C. expectation D. expecting19. He plays the piano -------------- well.A. tolerate B. tolerable C. tolerably D. tolerance

20. Prices continue to show an upward --------------.A. tendency B. tend C. tended D. tending

21.They will -------------- this road because its -------------- is too narrow.A. widen/ widely B. wide/ width C. widen/ width D. width/ widely

22.They did everything possible to -------------- the police force.A. strengthen B. strengthening C. strength D. strong

23. I spent a ( an ) -------------- night because of my toothache. I amvery tired now.

A. sleepy B. sleeping C. sleepless D. asleep24.Your money will be refunded if the goods prove to be -------------- .A. satisfying B. dissatisfied C. satisfactory D. unsatisfactory

25.The -------------- of old buildings should be taken into consideration.A. preserve B. preservation C. preservative D. preserves

26. Our education will help with the -------------- of knowledge for tyoung.A. enrichment B. enrich C. rich D. richness

27. Getting such a well paid job is beyond my --------------.A. expectation B. expected C. expectant D. expecting

28.That is not -------------- true of single parents.

A. necessarily B. necessary C. need D. necessity29.That is silly. What you are seeing is --------------.

A. reasonably B. reason C. reasonable D. unreasonable30. Hunting for meat and burning forest for soil -------------- wildlife

A. conserve B. protect C. destroy D. reclaim31.This new kind of generator can generate a current of high --------------.

A. potential B. intensity C. preference D. absorbent32. The children always get -------------- on long journey.

A. harmless B. restless C. motionless D. speechless33. Most of the rivers flowing through big cities are -------------- with chemical waste

factories.

A. polluted B. eroded C. mixed D. flooded


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34. It is necessary for the host to make his guests feel comfortaband --------------.A. relaxed B. relaxation C. relaxing D. relax

35. A laser beams -------------- is strong enough to kill cancer cellsA. intention B. intensity C. intend D. intensive

IV. Prefixes and suffixes: out, super, sur, sub, under, over1. Dont be --------------; everything will be all right.A. overanxious B. overbearing C. overnight D. oversea2. You should eat more. You are a bit --------------.a. underweight B. overweight C. outweight D. weightless3. She -------------- her husband by five years.A. outrun B. outweighed C. outlived D. outnumbered4. We protest against their -------------- treatment of prisoners.A. subhuman B. superhuman C. surhuman D. over human5. There is a determination to ---------------- problems.A. overwork B. overturn C. overwrite D. overcome6. Boiled meat can keep in ______________ containers and shippeto other countries.

A. airsick B. airtight C. airship D. airbase7. When --------- un , the word happy becomes its opposite.A. it adds B. it is adding C. added D. adding

V. Verb form :1. V + Verb ( bare ): had better (d better), would rather (d rather), used have to, help (toV/ Vbare), Can/could/may/must/will,make/ let + O + V(Neu dang b ong : Be let/made + to V)

2. V + V-ing: admit, avoid, appreciate, delay, deny, detest, dislike, enjoy, lforward, mind, miss, postpone, risk, practice, suggest, give up, finish, cant becant help, feel like, be busy, be worth, be used to, get used to, its no use/good

After prepositions: to, at from, about,..3. V + to V: agree, arrange, ask, beg, decide, determine, desire, expect, fail, hoinvite, manage, offer, plan, refuse, seem, tell, tend, wish, want, would like,willingS + V( be, seem, look, feel,..) +ADJ + to VVerb (want, ask, tell, request, order, beg, advise, . ) + O + to V

4. Cac trng hp ngoai le khac: Allow/ permit/ recommend/ advise + V-ing

+ O + To V Stop + to V : dng lai e.

V-ing: t bo (thoi quen) Remember + V-ing: nh a lam g (qua kh)

To V: nh se lam g (tng lai) Forget + V-ing: a quen lam g (qua kh)

To V : Se(khong) quen lam g (tng lai) Regret + V-ing: hoi han v a

To V: thong bao mot tin xau Try + V-ing: th lam g o

To V: co gang lam g o Need: neu chu ng ch ngi: S + need, require, want + to V

Neu chu ng ch vat: S + need, require, want + V- ing or to

V(pp)


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Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. Many young people are fond of -------------- football and other kinds of sports.

A. play B. to play C. playing D. played2. They couldnt help -------------- when they heard the little boy singing a love song.

A. laughing B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughed3. Your house needs -------------- .

A. redecorated B. redecorating C. being redecorated D. to redecorate4. I remember -------------- them to play in my garden.

A. to allow B. allow C. allowing D. allowed5. It was a nasty memory. Do you remember both of us wearing sunglasses to avoid-------------- by the supervisors?A. to recognize B. to be recognized C. recognizing D. being recognize

6. I cant bear thinking back of that time. Id rather -------------- equally.A. treat B. be treated C. have treated D. treating

7. Did you accuse Nam of -------------- a plate? Well, I saw him -------------- it off the tabwith his elbow.A. break/ knock B. breaking/ knocking C. to break/ to kno

D. breaking/ knock8. We found it very difficult -------------- with Gamma.

A. to work B. work C. working D. worked9. I cant read when I am traveling. It makes me -------------- sick.A. feel B. to feel C. felt D. feeling

10. I need -------------- whats in the letter. Why dont you let me -------------- it?A. to know/ to read B. know/ read C. to know/ read D. knowing/ read

11. I suggest -------------- some more mathematical puzzles.A. do B. to do C. doing D. done

12. We regret -------------- you that we cannot approve your suggestion.A. inform B. to inform C. informing D. informed

13. The driver stopped -------------- a coffee because he felt sleepy.A. have B. to have C. having D. had

14. Have you ever considered -------------- a pharmacist?A. become B. becoming C. to become D. became15.You had better -------------- at home until you feel better.

A. staying B. stayed C. to stay D. stay16. I remember -------------- my mother said the grass in the garden needed --------------.

A. to hear/cutting B. hear/cut C. heard/to cut D. hearing/ cutting17. Peter sometimes help his sister --------------.

A. do homework B. to do homework C. with homework D. all are correct18. I would rather -------------- at home than --------------out with you.

A. staying/going B. to stay/ to go C. stay/go D. stayed/went19. I would rather you --------------.

A. drive B. to drive C. drove D. driven20. She didnt say a word and left the room.

A. She left the room without saying a word B. She leaving theroom without saying a wordC. She left the room saying a word D. She left the room to say a word.

21. My father wanted me -------------- a pilot.A. become B. to become C. becoming D. became

22. Please wait a minute. My boss is busy -------------- something.A. write B. writing C. to write D. to writing

23. My teacher doesnt allow us -------------- while he is explaining the lesson.A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked


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24. We have plenty of time. We neednt --------------A. hurry B. to hurry C. hurrying D. hurried

25. I promised -------------- on time. I mustnt -------------- late.A. be/be B. to be/to be C. to be/ be D. be/to be

26. Mary and I are looking forward -------------- you.A. of seeing B. for seeing C. to seeing D. to see

27. Im sure that he knows -------------- this new machine.A. to use B. using C. how using D. how to use

28.

Psychiatrists and doctors have failed -------------- people not to drink.A. to tell B. telling C. tell D. told29.The students are used to -------------- in the school library.

A. working B. work C. to work D. worked30. Our room needs -------------- up.

A. tidied B. to tide C. tidy D. tidying31. Mercurys low gravity makes you -------------- very light in a spaceship.

A. feel B. feeling C. to feel D. felt32. Was the test long?. Yes, John was the only one -------------- i

A. to finish B. finishing C. finished D. finish33. A lots of needs -------------- to the house before anyone can mov

in.A. be done B. doing C. to do D. done34. It is about time you -------------- harder for the next exam.

A. worked B. working C. work D. to work35. If he really doesnt feel like -------------- now, I suggested that he

should go out for some fresh air.A. work B. to work C. worked D. working

Phan 3: GRAMMARI. Tenses, transformation of tenses, subject and verb agreement,

inversion, tag question:A. Tenses :

1. The simple present tense: (th hien tai n)S + V(s/es) ( ong t to be : S + am / is / are )

Adverbs: always, usually, often, sometimes, everyday/week/night, seldrarely

Dien ta mot s that hien nhien hoac mot viec thng xuyen xra.

2. The present continuous tense: (th hien tai tiep dien)S + am / is / are + V-ing

Adverbs: now, at the moment, at present, right now.Dien ta mot s viec ang xay ra trong thi iem hien tai.

Cau truc be + going to + V dien ta th tng lai d nh.3. The present perfect tense: (th hien tai hoan thanh)

S + have / has + V pp(ed/3)Adverbs: just, already, notyet, never, ever, recently, several/many times

to now, so far,For + khoang thi gian, Since + moc thi gian

Dien ta mot s viec a xay ra khong xac nh thi gian hoac mviec a xay ra xac nh thi gian nhng cha ket thuc.

4. The simple past tense: (th qua kh n)S + Ved/2 (ong t to be: S + was / were)

Adverbs: yesterday, last, ago, in (2005).


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Dien ta mot s viec dien ra tai mot thi iem xac nh trong qkh.

5. The past continuous tense: (th qua kh tiep dien)S + was / were + V -ing

Dien ta 1 s viec ang dien ra tai mot thi iem trong qua kh 7:00 last night)

Dien ta 2 s viec song song dien ta trong qua kh ( vi cac lien: when, while, as)

6. The past perfect tense : (th qua kh hoan thanh)S + had + Vpp

Dien ta hanh ong xay ra trc 1 thi iem hoac 1 s viec khtrong qua khThng c dung cung vi th qua kh n ( trong cau co cac li

t: before, after, until)7. The simple future tense: (th tng lai n) S + will / shall + V(bare) (Dung be going to + V dien tng lai gan)

Adverbs: tomorrow, in the future, next, in six days (trong 6 ngay ti)8. The present perfect continuous : (th hien tai hoan thanh tiep die

S + have / has + been + V-ingDien ta hanh ong xay ra trong qua kh, keo dai lien tuc hien tai( wait, sleep, study.)

Ex: I have been waiting for her for 3 hours/ since 3 oclock9. The future continuous: (th tng lai tiep dien).

S + will + be + V-ingDien ta 1 s viec ang xay ra hoac xay ra song song vi 1 ha

ong khac trong tng lai.Ex: This time next week we will be lying on the beach

10. The future perfect: (th tng lai hoan thanh).S + will + have + Vpp

Dien ta mot s viec hoan thanh trc 1 thi iem trong tng laiEx : We will have left school before this July

The adverbial clauses of time: (menh e trang ng ch thi gian):La menh e bat au bang cac lien t: when, while, as, after, before, soon as, till, until, since.

S phoi hp ve th trong cau co menh e trang ng cthi gian:

Main clause Adverbial clause of time1. Present tenses ( hien tai) present tenses2. Past tenses (qua kh) past tenses

3. Future tenses (tng lai) present tenses Notes : Khong dung th tng lai ( will/shall ) trong menh e trang ng cthi gian. oi vi lien t Since: S + has/have +Ved/3 since S + Ved/2. Ca 2 hanh ong a xay ra: S + had +Ved/3 before S + Ved/2

S + Ved/2 after S + had + Ved/3 Sau WHILE/AS thng dung th tiep dien: while/ as S + was/were +ing Sau cac lien t ma khong co S ta dung Ving: After having finis

the exam, Ill go home. Exercise: Choose the best answer:


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1. I -------------- this film twice. A. see B. saw C. will see D. have se2. After -------------- her performance, she invited the audience to ask questions.

A. she finishes B. finished C. finishing D. she will finish3. His father -------------- of cancer last year. A. will die B. has died C. died D. had

died4. The train -------------- when we got to the station.

A. just left B. just leaves C. has just left D. had just left5. As soon as Martina saw the fire, she -------------- the fire department.

A. was telephoning B. telephoned C. had telephoned D. has telephoned6. Before Jennifer won the lottery, she -------------- any kind of contest.A. hasnt entered B. doesnt enter C. wasnt entering D. hadnt entered

7. Every time Parkas sees a movie made in India, he -------------- homesick.A. will have left B. felt C. feels D. is feeling

8. Since I left Venezuela six years ago, I -------------- to visit friends and family severaltimes.A. return B. will have returned C. am returning have returned

9. Yesterday while I was attending a sales meeting, Mathew -------------- on the compaannual report.

A. was working B. had been working C. has worked works10. When my parents -------------- for a visit tomorrow, they will see our new baby for th

first time.A. will arrive B. arrived C. arrive D. will have arrive

11.The last time I -------------- in Athens, the weather was hot and humid.A. had been B. was C. am D. will have been

12. After the race --------------, the celebration beganA. had been won B. is won C. will be won D. has been won

13. Andy -------------- out of the restaurant when he -------------- JennyA. came/saw B. is coming /saw C. came/was seeing D. was

coming/had seen14. While he was washing his car, Mr. Brown -------------- a small dint in the rear fenderA. has discovered B. was discovering C. is discovering D. discovered

15. Linda has lost her passport again. Its the second time this --------------.A. has happened B. happens C. happened D. had happened

16. At this time tomorrow, we -------------- our final exam.A. will have taking B. will be taken C. would take D. will be taking

17.The baby --------------. Dont make so much noise.A. sleep B. sleeps C. is sleeping D. slept

18. Peter said he -------------- a test the following day.A. had had B. will have C. has had D. would have

19. It is not so hot today as it -------------- yesterday.A. is B. was C. would be D. had been20. -------------- a party next Saturday. We have sent out the invitation.

A. we had B. we have C. well have D. we have had21. Im very tired -------------- over four hundred miles to day.

A. I drive B. Ive driven C. Im driving D. Ive been drivin22. Im busy at the moment . -------------- on the computer.

A. I work B. Im worked C. Im working D. I worked23. Our friends -------------- meet us at the airport tonight.

A. are B. are going to C. go to D. will be to24. I will tell Anna all the news when -------------- her

A. Ill see B. Im going to see C. I see D. Im seeing


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25. Dont worry, I -------------- here to help youA. be B. will be C. am going to be D. wont be

26. When I entered the room, everyone --------------.A. has been dancing B. was dancing C. had danced D. danced

27. Before the invention of the steamboat there -------------- no way to cross the ocean.A. has been B. could have been C. had been D.would be

28. He said that he -------------- his homework since 7 oclock.A. had done B. did C. has done D. was doing

29.Tom said everything -------------- ready when the match --------------.A. will be/starts B. would be/started C. is/started D. will be/started

30. How long -------------- able to drive? - Since 1990.A. could you B. have you been C. were you D. are you

31. She won't get married until she -------------- 25 years old.A. is B. will be C. had been D. was.

32. Look. The yard is wet. It -------------- last night.A. must rain B. couldnt have rained C. must have rain

D. should have rained33. After Mary -------------- her degree, she intends to work in her

father's company.A. will finish B. is finishing C. finishes D. will have finish34. When he -------------- all the letters, he took them to the post office.

A. has written B. had written C. wrote D. had been writin35. By the end of this month, I -------------- English for 6 years.

A. have learnt B. will have learnt C. had learnt D. learnt36. We -------------- in touch with each other for years.

A. will not keep B. are not keeping C. did not keep D. have not kept37. She has learnt French -------------- the age of five.

A. since B. for C. before D. in38.Tom -------------- before we arrived there.

A. has left B. had left C. will leave D. leaves39. Up to now, I -------------- a lot of information about her.A. learnt B. have learnt C. will learn D. would learn

40. Wait here until I -------------- you.A. am going to call B. will call C. am calling D. call

41. When I came to visit her, she -------------- a bath.A. was having B. has C. is having D. had

Mary had to go to New York last week, but she almost ---42----------- the plane. She ---43----------- in the qu

at the check-in desk when she suddenly ----44---------- that she ----45---------- her passport at h

Fortunately, she ---46----------- very far from the airport, so she ----47---------- time to take a taxi at hom

get it.42. A. missed B. was missing C. had missed D. had been missi43. A. stood B. had stood C. was standing D. had been stand44. A. was realizing B. realized C. had realized D. would realize45. A. was leaving B. left C. had left D. would leave46. A. hadnt lived B. doesnt live C. didnt live D. hasnt lived47. A. had B. had had C. has D. has had48. It is an hour since he --------------, so he should be at office now.

A. left B. has left C. had left D. was leaving

B. Transformation of tenses :

Notes: a. It + be + time + since + simple past


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b. It is the first/ second/ third time + present perfectc. The last time + simple pastd. Present perfect + since + simple past

Exercise: Rewrite these sentences:1. The last time she had a swim was ten years ago. She hasnt ............................................................................................................

2. I have never met such a famous person before. It is .......................................................................................................................

3. I last saw him when I was a student. I havent ...............................................................................................................

4. I havent come there for two years. I last .....................................................................................................................

5. I have studied English for seven years. I started ...............................................................................................................

Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. I have never seen such beautiful pictures before.

A. These pictures are the most beautiful I have never seen.B. These pictures are the most beautiful I have ever seen.C. This is the first time I see beautiful pictures.

D. This is the first time I have seen beautiful pictures.2. Jack has stopped writing letters to Jill.

A. Jack has no longer stopped writing letters to Jill.B. Jack used to write letters to Jill.C. Jack has never written letters to Jill.D. Jack stopped writing letters to Jill when Jill come.

3. Mary has been working in this company for five years.A. Mary began to work in this company for five years.B. Mary began working in this company for five years ago.C. Mary began to work in this company five years ago.D. Mary has begun to work in this company five years ago.

4. I have never eaten this kind of food before.A. I used to eat this kind of food before.B. Before I came here I had ever eaten this kind of food.C. This is the first time I have ever eaten this kind of food.D. This is the most delicious food I have ever eaten.

5. She last saw him years ago.A. She hasnt seen him years ago B. She hasnt seen him for years ago.C. She didnt see him for years . D. Its years since she last saw him.

6. Its ages since I last saw a Hollywood film.A. Its ages because I last saw a Hollywood film.B. I havent seen any Hollywood film before.C. I saw a last Hollywood film since ages ago.D. I havent seen a Hollywood film for a long time.

7. He hasnt smoked a cigarette for a week.A. It is for a week that he hasnt smoked a cigarette.B. It is a week since he last smoked a cigarette.C. It is a cigarette that he smoked a week ago.D. It is a week ago that he smoked a cigarette.

8. It started to rain at 2 oclock and it is still raining.A. It has been raining at 2 oclock. B. It has been raining since 2 oclock.C. It has been raining for 2 oclock. D. It has been raining in 2 oclock.

9. They had finished their tea and then they left.A. They finished their tea after they had left. B. After they had left, they finishe


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their tea.C. They had left before they finished their tea. D. After they had finished their tethey left.

10.John began playing the piano 10 years ago.A. John played the piano 10 years ago. B. John has played the piano for 10 yearC. John used to play the piano 10 years ago. D. John doesnt play the pianoanymore.

Subject and verb agreement :1. Singular SUBJECT + singular VERB

Plural SUBJECT + plural VERB Notes: a. Singular noun:La danh t khong em c: butter, water,

happiness, work, information..La danh t em c so t: book, student, chair, do

cat b.Plural noun: La danh t em dc so nhieu: books, student

chairs, dogs, cats Cach thanh lap danh t so nhieu:

+ Them s: boys, houses, mothers, pens

+ Them es: dishes, churches, boxes, buses+ oi y thanh i, them es: baby _ babies , party _ parties, flyflies

+ oi f, fe thanh ves: knife_ knives, wife _ wives, life _ lives+ Luon so nhieu: trousers, jeans, scissors, glasses+ ac biet: man/ men, woman/ women, foot/ feet, child/ child

sheep/ sheep2. Other rules: Subject and verb agreement:

SUBJECT VERB1. every, each, either, neither (of) + N2. everything, nobody, someone, something, somebody

3. money, time, distance( khoang cach), subject, weight,disease,4. S1andS2 ( 2 things/ people)5. The + adj ( ex: the poor, the rich, the old, the young)6. police, people, cattle, children7. S1 + as well as/ along with/ accompanied with + S28. Neither, Either, Not only + S1 + nor, or, but also + S29. The number of + N10. A number of + N11. There +be + N12. That clause, to verb, verb ing13. The + noun + preposition(of, in ,on) + nounphrase

Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. No news -------------- good news. A. is B. are C. were

have been2. Here -------------- some accounts that you must check.

A. is B. are C. were D. was3. A lot of homework -------------- me tired. A. make B. makes C. have made D. a

making


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4. Not only Mr. Pike but also his sons -------------- tea. A. likes B. like has liked D. liking

5. Mathematics -------------- us with many aspects. A. helps B. help C. have helpeD. helping

6. The United States -------------- of about 160 nations.A. consists B. consist C. consisting D. have consiste

7. Coffee contains caffeine, and --------------A. tea does so B. so tea does C. so does tea D. does tea so

8.

Both Tom -------------- Mary are students. A. and B. nor C. D. with9. Plenty of milk -------------- consumed everyday. A. are B

C. was D. were10. Neither you nor I -------------- responsible for the bad result. A. are B. is C. am

D. be11. Ten thousand dollars -------------- a large sum of money. A. are B. is C. were

D. being12. Each of us -------------- a book report next week. A. will have B. has C. is hav

D. have13. I can not speak Spanish. --------------

A. So can I B. Neither can I C. Either can I D. Neither cant I14. Both Jane and Mary, as well as John, -------------- ready for the exam.A. is B. was C. are D. has been

15. Working for 12 hours a day -------------- her very tired.A. make B. makes C. making D. have made

16. The number of the days in a week -------------- seven.A. is B. was C. are D. were

17. Both Jane and Mary, as well as John, -------------- ready for theexam.A. is B. was C. are D. has been

18. What he told you -------------- to be of no importance.

A. seems B. seem C. is seeming D. has seemed19.The army -------------- eliminated this section of the training test.A. has B. have C. are D. is

20. The quality of these recordings -------------- not very good.A. is B. are C. have D. were

D. Inversion :1.La s ao ngc v tr gia tr ong t va chu t trong cau

ADVERB + AUXILARY VERB + SUBJECT2. Mot so trang t va trang ng c theo sau bi hnh thc ao ng cong t: hardly, never, no soonerthan, not only, not till, not un

nowhere, only, rarely, seldom, scarcely.Ex: My father never drinks coffee in the evening. Neverdoes my father drcoffee in the evening.

She hardly complained about her job. Hardlydid she complain about her jI have seldom seen such a remarkable creature. Seldomhave I seen suc

remarkable creature. Exercise: Rewrite these sentences:1. He hardly studied anything when his parents were away. Hardly .......................2. I will never see him again. Never..........................................................................3. He no longer lives in this town. No longer............................................................4. I have never heard such a lie in my life. Never.....................................................5. We had hardly started when it began to rain. Hardly ..........................................


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Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. No longer -------------- this typewriter. Ive just bought a computer.

A. I use B. I do use C. do I use D. I using2. -------------- out of the house than it began to rain.

A. No sooner I got B. No sooner I had got C. No sooner had I got D. No had got sooner

3. Did you think -------------- here before?

A. she has come B. has she come C. she had come D. had she come4. Tom was not only late, but he had left all his books behind.A. Not only Tom was late, but he had left all his books behind.B. Not only had Tom left all his books behind, but he was late.C. Not only was Tom late, but he had left all his books behind.D. Not was Tom only late, but he had left all his books behind.

5. Seldom -------------- exactly as illustrated.A. the designs are reproduced B. did the designs reportedC. are the designs reproduced D. the designs did reported

6. He no longer plays in an orchestra.A. No longer does he plays in an orchestra. B. No longer does he play in an

orchestraC. No longer does plays he in an orchestra. D. No longer he plays in an orchestra7. He would never be allowed to set foot in their house again.

A. Would never he be allowed to set foot in their house again.B. Never again would he allowed to set foot in their house again.C. He would never again be allowed to set foot in their house.D. Never again would he be allowed to set foot in their house again.

8. Only when I got home --------------.A. did I realize how dangerous the situation had been.B. I realized how dangerous the situation had been.C. did I realized how dangerous the situation had been.

D. I did realize how dangerous the situation had been.E. Tag question: ( Cau Hoi uoi )

1. Cau hoi uoi la cau hoi ngan c them vao cuoi cau tran thuat kiem tra ieu g o co ung hay khong hoac e yeu cau s ong y:2. Cau khang nh cau hoi uoi phu nh Ex: You live near here, dyou?

Cau phu nh cau hoi uoi khang nh Ex: You didnt lock the door,you?

Notes: I am late, arent I?Lets go for a walk, shall we?

You never say what youre thinking, do you?Everything can happen, cant it?Nobody would object, would they?

Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. Shes finished the course, --------------?

A. isnt she B. hasnt she C. doesnt she. D. didnt she2. Nobody was injured in the accident, --------------?

A. was there B. was he C. were they D. wasn't it3. Jogging is good for our hearts, --------------?

A. arent we B. arent they C. doesnt it D. isnt it4. The film wasnt as good as you expected, --------------?

A. wasnt it B. was it C. wasnt the film D. was the film


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5. The building used to be a library, --------------?A. doesnt it B. didnt it C. isnt it D. wasnt it

II. Passive :1. Form: BE + Vpp ( ed/ 3 )2. The structures:

Tenses Active Passive1. Simple present S + V(s/es)

2.Presentcontinuous S + am/is/are +V-ing3. Presentperfect

S + has/have + Vpp

4. Simple past S + Ved/25. Pastcontinuous

S + was/ were +V-ing

6. Past perfect S + had + Vpp7. Simple future S + will + V(bare)8. Modal verbs S + can/could/should/must/may +

(bare)

9. ong tac biet:Have / Get

S + have + O (person) + V (bare) +O (thing)S + get + O ( person ) + to V + O( thing )

10. Cau trucac biet

S1 +V1 + that + S2 +V2 ++

Notes: a. Cac tan ng : by him, by her,by someone, by them trong cb ong thng c lc bo.

b. Trang t ch ni chon ng trc by+ O. Trang t ch thi gng sau by + O

Exercise: Rewrite these sentences in the pasive form:1. People speak English here. ..............................................................................................................................

2. Nguyen Du wrote Kieus story. .............................................................................................................................

3. Someone was cleaning the classroom when I came. ..............................................................................................................................

4. She will send him a gift on his birthday. ..............................................................................................................................

5. People believe that 13 is an unhappy number. ..............................................................................................................................

6.

This factory is producing more and more pollution. ..............................................................................................................................7. No one has signed the cheque. ..............................................................................................................................

8. The manager had his secretary prepare the report. ..............................................................................................................................

9. I am going to get Harry to repair my car. ..............................................................................................................................

10............................They used to make little boys climb the chimneys to clean them .............................................................................................................................

Exercise: Choose the best answer:


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1. This word -------------- wrongly.A. spells B. is spelt C. is spelling D. is spell

2. The story Ive just read -------------- Jack London.A. was written B. was written by C. was written from D. wrote by

3. Im going to go out and -------------- .A. have cut my hair B. have my hair cut C. my hair be cutcut my hair

4. The man died because medical help was not summoned. A doctor should ------------A. be have called B. been called C. have been called D. be called

5. Something funny -------------- in class yesterday.A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened

6. We -------------- by a loud noise during the night.A. were woken up B. are woken up C. were working up D. woke up

7. Some film stars -------------- difficult to work with.A. are said be B. are said to be C. say to be D. said to be

8. People say that some Americans are superficially friendly.A. Some Americans are said as being superficially friendly.B. Some Americans are said that they are superficially friendly.C. People are said that some Americans are superficially friendly.

D. Some Americans are said to be superficially friendly.9. I still can believe it. My bicycle -------------- last night.A. was stolen B. was stealing C. stolen D . stole

10.John -------------- last week.A. had his house painted B. had painted his house C. had his father topaint D. had his house paint

11. It is believed that he is the richest man in the city.A. He was believed to be the richest man in the city B. He is believed to be therichest man in the cityC. They believe that he is the richest man in the city. D. B and C are correct

12. I cant go along here because the road --------------.

A. is preparing B. is prepared C. is being repaired D. repairs13. -------------- about the eight oclock flight to Chicago? - Not yetA. Has been an announcement made B. Has an announcement madeC. Has an announcement been made D. Has been made an announcement

14. Do you get your heating -------------- every year?A. checking B. check C. be checked D. checked

15. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? I dont enjoy -------------- at.A. be laughed B. to be laughed C. laughing D. being laughed

16. Claude Jennings is said -------------- his memory.A. to have been lost B. to be lost C. to have lost D. tolost

17. I might watch this programme. It -------------- very funny.A. supposes to be B. is supposed being C. is supposed to be D. was supposed be18. Today, many serious childhood diseases -------------- by early

immunization.A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevente

III. Clauses and phrases :1. Khi bien oi t menh e sang cum danh t thng gap catrng hp sau: Noun + be + adj The/ (her, his, their .. ) + Adj + noun Pronoun + be +Adj The/ (her, his, their .. ) + Noun ( of the adj )


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Pronoun + Verb + (adv) The/ (her, his, their .. ) + Adj (of the adv) + N( of the verb) Pronoun +Verb + (O) V-ing ( same Subject) There be + Noun The + Noun

A. Clauses and phrases of reason:Because/ Since/As + Clause ( S+V )Because of/ Due to/ Thanks to + Phrase ( N phrase/ V-ing phrase )

B. Clauses and phrases of concession:

Although/ Though/ Even though + Clause ( S+V )In spite of/ Despite + Phrase ( N phrase/ V-ing phrase ) Exercise: Rewrite these sentences:1. He left school because his life was hard. Because of ...........................................................................................................

2. John succeeded in his exam because of his hard and mathedical work. Because ...............................................................................................................

3. We didnt want to go out because of the heavy rain. Because ...............................................................................................................

4. Although he had much experience in machinery, he didnt succeed in repairing thmachine. Despite ...............................................................................................................

5. In spite of the darkness, they continued to work. Though .................................................................................................................

6. We postponed our trip because the driving conditions were bad. Because of ...........................................................................................................

7. The water in most rivers is unsafe to drink because it is polluted. Because of ...........................................................................................................

8. We all have received the best of everything because of our generous parents. Because ..............................................................................................................................................

Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. The boys were punished -------------- he made many mistakes.A. in spite of B. because C. even though D. as if 2. -------------- the liberation of women, women can take part in social activities.

A. Because B. Thanks to C. While D. As3. Despite feeling cold, we kept walking.

A. Although we felt cold, but we kept walking B. Although we feltcold, we kept walkingC. However cold we felt, but we kept walking D. However we feltcold, we kept walking

4. She decided to leave her job in the company -------------- she could earn a lot of mothere.

A. because B. although C. despite D. since5. The children laughed a lot because of the funny story.

A. The children laughed because the story is funny.B. The children laughed because of the story funnyC. The children laughed because it was funny.D. The children laughed because the story was funny

6. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.A. Bill arrived late for the concert because he takes a taxi.B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.D. Although Bill took a taxi he cant come to the concert on time.


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7. The flight was delayed -------------- the fog.A. in spite of B. because of C. though D. since

2.Clauses and phrases of result:A. Clause of result: S - V + SO + adv/ adj + THAT + S - V S - V + SUCH + ( a/ an ) + adj + noun + THAT + S - V S - V + SO MANY( plural countable noun) / + THAT + S - V

SO MUCH ( uncountable noun )B. Phrase of result: S - V + TOO + adj/ adv + ( for some one ) + TO V S - V + ENOUGH + noun + ( for some one ) + TO V

Adj/ adv + ENOUGH Exercise: Rewrite these sentences:1. The weather was so bad that all the flights had to be cancelled. It was such ...........................................................................................................

2. The test wasnt easy enough for them to do. The test was too...................................................................................................

3. The play we saw yesterday was so difficult that we couldnt finish it an hour. We saw such ........................................................................................................

4. These goods are so expensive that they cant be sold quickly. These goods are too ............................................................................................

5. He studied too badly to pass his exam. ( enough .to ) ..............................................................................................................................

6. My friend is very strong. He can lift up the table by himself. My friend is so ......................................................................................................

7. I ate a lot of sandwiches. I felt uneasy. I ate so many .......................................................................................................

8. Tom is still too young to join the police.

Tom isnt .............................................................................................................. Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. She was so busy that she couldnt answer the phone.

A. She was very busy that she couldnt answer the phone. B. She was too busy toanswer the phone.C. She was too busy not to answer the phone. D. She was very busy so that she coanswer the phone.

2. It was -------------- that we went for a hike in the mountains.A. so a nice day b. so nice day C. such nice day D. such a nice day

3. There are -------------- in the universe that we can not count them.A. so much stars B. so many stars C. such stars many D. such stars much

4. He has -------------- to do that he cant go to the cinema with us.A. so much work B. so many work C. such much work D. such a work5. Faradays father was -------------- poor to send him to school.

A. too B. much C. so D. very6. It is -------------- book that just a few people like it.

A. so an old B. so old C. such old D. such an old7. He spoke too -------------- for us to understand.

A. quick B. slow C. quickly D. slowly8. She came too late to see off or we can say:

A. She came so late to see him off. B. She didnt come early enough to him off


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C. She came early enough to see him off D. She didnt come late enough to shim off

9. Which sentence is correct?A. It was such a hot tea that I couldnt drink it. B. It was such htea that I couldnt drinkC. Tea wasnt too hot to drink D. Tea was so hot that I couldnt driit

10. Nobody could move the piano. It was too heavy.A. The piano was so heavy that nobody couldnt moveB. The piano was too heavy to moveC. It was such a heavy piano that nobody could move itD. It was such heavy piano that nobody could move it

3. Clauses and phrases of purpose:Clause: S - V + so that / in order that + S + can/ could/ will/ would +

( bare infinitive)Phrase: Khang nh: S - V + to/ so as to/ in order to + V(bare-inf.)

S - V + in order for some one to + V(bare-inf.) Phu nh: S - V + so as not to/ in order not to + V(bare-inf.)

Exercise: Rewrite these sentences:1. We lower the volume of the radio. We dont want to bother our neighbors. ( claus

purpose ) ..............................................................................................................................

2. Please shut the door. I dont want the dog to go out of the house. ( phrase of purp) ..............................................................................................................................

3. He climbed the tree in order to get a better view. ( clause of purpose ) ..............................................................................................................................

4. I am going to be very careful so that I wont have an accident. ( clause of purpose ..............................................................................................................................

5. I wore boots because I didnt want my feet to get wet. ( phrase of purpose ) ..............................................................................................................................

Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. She locked the door --------------.

A. so that to go to bed B. in order to bedisturbedC. to enter the house D. in order not to bedisturbed

2. The boy always does his homework before class --------------.A. so as not to be punished by the teacher B. so as to be punished by theteacherC. so that he will be punished by the teacher D. in order to be punished by theteacher

3. I got up early in order not to be late for school.A. I got up early so as not to being late for school.B. I got up early so that I wont be late for schoolC. I got up early so that I wouldnt be late for schoolD. I got up early for me not to be late for school

4. They whispered. They didnt want anyone to hear them.A. They whispered to make anyone hear them.

B. They whispered so that no one could hear them.C. They whispered so that everyone could hear them.


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D. They whispered in order not to hear them.5. He wore glasses and false beard so that no one could recognize him.

A. He wore glasses and the false beard in order not to recognize him.B. He wore glasses and the false beard in order to recognize him.C. He wore glasses and the false beard in order to be recognized.D. He wore glasses and the false beard in order not to be recognized.

6. I try to learn English well. I want to get a good job.A. I try to study English well so that I can get a good job.B. I try to study English well so as I can get a good job.C. So that I can get a good job, I try to study English well.D. I try to study English well for me to get a good job.

7. You may put money in a small coin bank --------------.A. in order to keep it safe B. so as not to keep it safe C. sothat to keep it safe D. to keeping it safe

8. The schoolboys are in a hurry -------------- they will not be for the meeting.A. so as to B. to C. in order that D. for

9. Which part is not correct in English?Sound is carried from (A) the eardrum to (B) the nerves so as (C) to we can hear(D)

10.

He was (A) tired so that (B) he could not (C) continue his (D) work.IV. Conditional clauses, Wish and if only

A. Conditional Clauses:

Loai If clause Main clause Future Possible Present: S + V(s/es) Future: S + Will +

V(bare) Unreal Condition Past simple: S + Ved/2 Would + V(bare) Past Unreal Past perfect: S + Had +

Ved/3Would have + Ved/3

Notes:a.

Unless = If not Ex: If you dont study hard, youll fail the exam. Unless you study hard, yofail the exam.

b. Ta co the dien ta cau ieu kien loai 2 va 3 bang cach ao ngma khong can dung IfEx: If I were rich, I would travel around the world. Were I rich, I would trave

around the world.B. Wish and If only:

Loai Wish or if only c cho tng lai S + wish + (that) + S + would + V(bare)

c ieu trai vihien tai

S + wish + (that) + S + Ved/2

c ieu trai viqua kh

S + wish + (that) + S + had + Ved/3could have + Ved/3

Exercise: Rewrite these sentences:1. Hurry up or we will be late for the last bus. If ...........................................................................................................................

2. I regret that you didnt give me a change to tell you the truth. I wish ....................................................................................................................

3. It was very cold yesterday, so we couldnt go swimming.

If ...........................................................................................................................


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4. You talk more than you work. The teacher wants you to work more than to talk. The teacher wishes...............................................................................................

5. He had a flu because he went out in the rain last night. If ...........................................................................................................................

6. Ellen didnt have much money in the bank, so she was very worried. If ...........................................................................................................................

7. Stop talking or you wont understand the lesson. Unless ..................................................................................................................

8. Why dont you study hard? If ...........................................................................................................................

9. Id like to buy this book but I dont have money to buy it. If only ...................................................................................................................

10. She cant buy the dictionary because she doesnt have enough money. If ...........................................................................................................................

Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. Are we lost? I think so. I wish we -------------- a map with us todayA. were bringing B. brought C. had brought D. would bring2. These figures are too complicated to work out in your head. Yes------------- a calculator.A.I wish we would have B. if only we had C. if only we had ha

D. I wish we have3. If Jake ------------- to go on the trip, would you have gone?A. doesnt agree B. didnt agree C. hadnt agreed D. wouldnt agree4. If energy ------------- inexpensive and unlimited, many things in thworld would be different.A. is B. will be C. would be D. were5. Unless you ------------- all of my questions, I cant do anything to hyou.A. answered B. answer C. would answer D. are answering6. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I ------------- it.A. hadnt believed B. dont believe C. cant believe D. would never havebelieved7. My feet are killing me. I wish I ------------- more comfortable shoesYear, me too. I wish I ------------- that we were going to have to walk this much.A. had worn/ knew B. am wearing/ had known C. were wearingwould know D. wore/ had known8. -------------- interested in that subject, I would try to learn moreabout it.A. If I am B. Should I C. I was D. Were I9. If I had enough money, --------------.A. I will buy that house B. I am buy that house C. I can buthat house D. I could buy that house10. Had I had time, I -------------- to the beach with you this weekendA. will come B. would come C. will have come D. would have com11. If he -------------- that she was in the hospital, he -------------- to seeher.A. knows/ will come B. knew/ would co

C. had known/ would have come D. has known/will have come12. If everything is all right, we -------------- our work on time.

A. complete B. are completing C. have completed D. will complete


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13. If I were you, I would work hard.A. You would rather not work so hard B. You should work harder

C. You should work with me. D. Do not work so hard.14. We didnt visit the museum because we had no time.

A. If we have time, we will visit the museum.C. If we had had time, we would have visited the museum.B. If we had time, we would visit the museum.D. If we had had time, we will have visited the museum.15. -------------- I have time, I will go with you.A. If B. Unless C. So D. So that16. -------------- harder, you would have passed the exam.A. If you studied B. If had you studied C. Had you studied D. Were you studie17. If the police hadnt saved me, I -------------- at that time.A. will die B. would die C. will have died D. would have died18. -------------- at 4 oclock, we would have missed seeing Bob.A. If we had gone B. Had we gone C. because we had gone D. A and B

V. Comparison :1. Comparative: ( so sanh hn )

a. short adj/ adv er + thanb. more + long adj/ adv + than

2. Superlative: ( so sanh hn nhat)a. the + short adj/ adv estb. the most + long adj/ adv

3. Positive: ( so sanh bang )As + adj/ adv + as

Notes: a.The + comparative + S - V + the + comparative + S + V ( cang Cang )

b. short adj/ adv er + and + short adj/ adv er ( cang ngay cang )more and more + long adj/ adv Exercise: Choose the best answer:

1. Mike is 1.7 meters tall, but Harriet is 1.8 meters.A. Mike is taller than Harriet. B. Harriet is taller than Mike.C. Mike and Harriet are both tall. D. Mike is as tall as Harriet.2. You and Luke are both better than --------------. A. I B. meC. my D. mine3. Which part in this sentence is incorrect in English?She is (A) the rich (B) woman in (C) the (D) world.What is (A) the weather (B) like in (C) Ho Chi Minh city? It is bader and bader. (D

4. It is becoming -------------- for me to keep up.A. the most difficult B. more and more difficult C. more difficult than D. the mor5. The lesson is difficult. We try hard.A. The more difficult the lesson is, the more hard we tryB. The more hard we try, the more difficult the lesson is.C. The more difficult the lesson is, the harder we try.D. The more difficult the lesson is and the harder we try.6. Tom is the best football player in this team.A. No one is the best football player in this team. B. No one can playfootball better than Tom.C. The best football player in this team is not Tom.

D. Tom can play football as well as others in his team.


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7. Jane cooks better than her sister.A. Jane cant cook better than her sister. B. Janes sister can cook better than hC. Janes sister cant cook as good as her. D. Janes sister cant cook as well as h8. I didnt spend as much money as --------------.A. you are B. your C. you spend D. you did9. They speak English -------------- we do.A. the most influently B. more influently than C. more anmore fluently D. the more fluently

VI. Relative clauses :1. Who, Whom: c dung e thay the cho mot danh t ch ngi.2. Which, That: c dung e thay the cho mot danh t ch vat.3. Whose: c dung e thay the cho mot tnh t s hu trc mot danht. ( his, her, their )4. Where: ( = in/ at which): Thay the cho mot cum t ch ni chon.

When : ( = in/ on/ at which): Thay the cho mot cum t ch thi gian.Why: ( = for which): Thay the cho mot cum t ch ly do.

Notes:Menh e khong gii han( non-restrictive clause) la menh e

sau tien ng co ac iem: la ten rieng ( Mr. Long, Mary), co tnh t hu( my, our, your, Lans), co cac t xac nh ( this, that, these, thoKhong dung THAT trong menh e quan he khong gii han.

Ta co the a gii t len trc ai t quan he whom va which Ex: Thats the man about whom I was talking.

Ta co the dung Present Participle ( V ing ) thay the cho menh equan he mang ngha chu ong va Past Participle ( Vpp ) cho menh equan he mang ngha b ong.

Ex: I like the story which is written by Nguyen Du. written Exercise: Rewrite these sentences:1. This is Rex hotel and it is the biggest hotel in the city. .......................................2. The dog was very frightened. The boys threw storms at it. .................................3. There wasnt any directory in the telephone box. I was phoning from this box. ..............................................................................................................................

4. Her father died last year. She looked after him for over twenty years. ...............5. Do you remember the day? We first met on that day. Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. The boy with -------------- I have talked is very successful student.

A. who B. whom C. that D. for that2. The composition -------------- by Jane was really interesting.

A. to write B. writing C. wrote D. written

3. Flemings discovery of penicillin, --------------, had a major influence on the lives ofpeople in the 20th century.A. which was awarded the Nobel Prize B. which awarded the Nobel PrizeC. that he was awarded the Nobel Prize D. for which he was awarded the NobPrize

4. I want you to meet the woman --------------A. who taught me how to drive B. teaching me how to driveC. that is taught me how to drive D. who is taught me how to drive

5. Mr. Pike, -------------- is our boss, has just come back from Paris.A. who B. whom C. that D. which


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6. The girl -------------- is my new friend.A. who is sitting on the bench B. that is sitting on the bench C. sitting on the be

D. all are correct7. We dont know the reason -------------- Peter is absent today.

A. who B. which C. that D. why8. Dr Smith is a good surgeon. He lives next door.

A. Dr Smith that lives next door is a good surgeon. B. Dr Smith who lives next dois a good surgeon.C. Dr Smith, who lives next door, is a good surgeon.D. Dr Smith, whom lives next door, is a good surgeon.

9. The reading table -------------- I put my books is in the corner of the room.A. when B. where C. why D. whose

10. It is him -------------- helped me last night. A. who B. that C. which D.whose

11. Anybody -------------- finishes that test early can leave.A. that B. whom C. why D. when

12. He is the good colleague --------------.A. to work for us with B. to us for working with C. for workwith us D. for us to work with

13.

Mary was the last applicant -------------- by that interviewer.A. to be interviewed B. to be interviewing C. to haveinterviewed D. to interview

14. Im hungry. Is there any food -------------- ?A. to be eaten B. to eat C. eating D. for me eating

15. Dien Bien Phu is a place -------------- our army won a resounding victory in 1954.A. where B. what C. which D. that

VII. Reported speech :1. ong t trong menh e tng thuat: say, say to + O, tell + O, ask, advise

beg, want to know2. Khi ong t tng thuat th hien tai th khong thay oi th.Khi ong t tng thuat th qua kh th phai co s thay oi th theonguyen tac sau:

+ Present tense Past tense+ Simple past Past perfect+ must, have to had to+ will / can / shall/ may would/ could/ should/ might

3. Thay oi cac trang t ch thi gian va ni chon:Today that day, tomorrow the following day/ the day after, yesterday

the previous day/ the day before, next (week) the following (week)/ the (weafter, last (week) the previous (week)/ the (week) before, now then, agobefore.4. Cac dang cau tng thuat:

a. Statements ( cau ke ):b. Imperative sentences ( cau menh lenh ): The khang nh: to V

The phu nh: not to Vc. Questions ( cau hoi ): Vi t e hoi: S - V + wh_ + S - V

Cau hoi yes/ no: S V + if/ whether + S - V Exercise: Rewrite these sentences:1. John said to his mother I dont know how to do this exercise.

..............................................................................................................................


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2. Push as hard as you can She said to me. ..............................................................................................................................

3. Dont wait for me if I am late He said to her. .............................................................................................................................

4. Where are you from, Nam? said Mai. ..............................................................................................................................

5. Mary said I cannot go to the cinema with you, John................................................................................................................................

6. Tom asked Mary Did you phone me last night?. ..............................................................................................................................7. He asked me Why didnt you go to school yesterday?................................................................................................................................

8. Why dont you stop smoking? the doctor said to him. The doctor advised him........................................................................................

9. How many students are there in your class? The man asked me ..............................................................................................

10. Have you seen John recently? said Ann. Ann asked me ......................................................................................................

Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. He begged them --------------.

A. help him B. should help him C. to help him D. help to him2. She said that she -------------- there the year before.

A. went B. had gone C. would go D. goes3. Peter asked Jane why -------------- the film on T.V the previous night.

A. didnt she watch B. hadnt she watched C. she doesntwatch D. she hadnt watched

4. They said they -------------- us if we needed.A. help B. helped C. would help D. had helped

5. He advised them -------------- in class.A. to not talk B. not to talk C. to talk not D. dont talk

6. She said to us Dont be late again.A. She said us not to be late again. B. She told us to be not late again.C. She told to us not to be late again. D. She told us not to be late again.

7. John shouldnt have behaved so badly., said Janet.A. Janet doesn't like John's behaviors. B. Janet was angry with John.C. Janet disliked John. D. Janet objected to John's behavior

8. John said You had better not lend them any money, Daisy.A. John said Daisy not to lend them any money. B. John advised Daisy should notlend any money.C. John said to Daisy not lend them any money. D. John adviDaisy not to lend them any money.

9. Im sorry I have to leave so early, he said.A. He apologized for having to leave early. B. He apologized to have to leaveearly.C. He apologized that he has to leave early. D. He apologized to have left early.

10. Can I borrow your pen please, Sam?, said Gillian.A. Gillian asked Sam if she can borrow his pen. B. Gillian asSam if she could borrow his pen.C. Gillian asked Sam she can borrow his pen. D. Gillian asSam she could borrow his pen.

11. Where did you go last night, Nam?, said Hoa

A. Hoa said to Nam where had he gone the night before.

B. Hoa said to Nam where he had gone the night before.


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C. Hoa told Nam where he had gone last night.D. Hoa asked Nam where he had gone the night before.

12. What were you doing last night, Mr. John? The police asked.A. The police asked what were you doing last night, Mr. John.B. The police asked Mr. John what he had been doing the night before.C. The police asked Mr. John what had he been done the night before.D. The police asked Mr. John what he had done the night before.

13. Some one was wondering if the taxi -------------- yet.A. had arrived B. arrived C. arrives D. had arrived

14. The government has announced that taxes --------------.A. would be raised B. had been raised C. were raised D. will be raised

15. Some one -------------- the tickets are free. A. said me B. saidthat C. told to me D. told me

16. He said he would do it --------------.A. yesterday B. the following day C. the previous day D. the day befor

17. He proved that the earth -------------- round the Sun.A. had gone B. was going C. goes D. would go

18. I told you -------------- the computer, didnt it?A. to switch off B. dont switch off C. not switch off D. switch off

19. Claire wanted to know what time --------------.A. do the banks close B. the banks closed C. did the banks cloD. the banks would close

20. Ann -------------- and left.A. said good bye B. said me good bye C. told me good bye D. goodbye me

VIII. OTHER STRUCTURES :1. Extra subject: ( Chu ng gia ) S + be/ linking verbs + adj +V2. Extra object: ( Tan ng gia ) S + V ( think, consider, find + it + adj/ noun phrase + to V

3. It takes/ took + some one + time + to do something4. S + spend + time + doing something Exercise: Choose the best answer:1. Learning to dance is quite expensive.

A. It is expensive to learn to dance. B. It is expensive for learning to dance.C. It is expensive learning to dance. D. It will be quite expensive if we learn tdance

2. Smoking in the theatre is forbidden.A. The theatre is forbidden to smoke in. B. It is forbidden form smoking in ththeatre.C. It is forbidden for people to smoke in the theatre. D. It is forbidd

to smoke in the theatre.3. He was very kind to help us.

A. It was very kind of him when he helped us. B. It was verykind of him to help us.C. It was very kind of him for helping us. D. It was very kind of him because ofhelping us.

4. It is great fun -------------- holiday summer by the sea.A. spend B. to spend C. spending D. spent

5. We find it -------------- to do homework.A. bore B. bored C. boring D. bores

6. It was impossible for them to speak English fluently.

A. They found impossible to speak English fluently.


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B. They found it possible to speak English fluently.B. They found it impossible to speak English fluently.D. They found it speaking English fluently possible.

7. Mary often considered -------------- advertisements on TV.A. to watch it wasteful B. to watch wasteful it C. it wastefully twatch D. it wasteful to watch

Phan 4: EXERCISES

A. Choose the best answer:1. I rang my friend in Australia yesterday, and she said it --------------.

A. is raining B. rained C. was raining D. would rain2. Hello, Jim. I didnt expect to see toy today. Solia said you -------------- ill.

A. are B. were C. was D. should be3. These snakes will not cause you any harm even if they bite you. They are -----------

A. harm B. harming C. harmful D. harmless4. You must lend me the money for the trip. --------------, I wont be able to go.

A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Even though D. Other wise5. Tom is still too young to join the police.

A. Tom isnt old enough for joining the police. B. Tom isnt old enough that he ca

join the police.C. Tom isnt enough old to join the police. D. Tom isnt old enough to join thepolice.

6. Emily is too motivated to study b she knows that a good education can improve helife.A. therefore B. because of C. because D. so

7. -------------- the post office was closed. I couldnt mail my package.A. Therefore B. Because C. Due to D. Although

8. -------------- I get angry and upset; I try to take ten deep breaths.A. Until B. Whenever C. Therefore D. For

9. My mouth is burning! This is -------------- spicy food that I dont think I can finish it.

A. such B. so C. very D. too10.The road will remain safe -------------- the flood washes out the bridge.

A. as long as B. unless c. providing that D. since11.To people in African, Asia and South American, English is an important language

--------------.A. for master B. for mastering C. to master D. necessary tomaster

12.The room was so full that we couldnt get in.A. The room was too full for us to get in B. The room was too full so that wecant get in.C. The room was too full that we cant get in D. The room was such full that we c

get in13.This flat is too small for my family.

A. This flat is not rather big for my family B. This flat is not very big for my famC. This flat is not big enough for my family D. The flat is not big for my family

14. It is such a long letter I wont read it to you.A. The letter is so long that I wont read it to you B. The letter is too long for usreadC. This is a long letter so that I wont read it to you D. The letter is a long one thawont read it

15.The football match was so exciting --------------.A. for us to stay to watch B. that we did

stay up to watch it


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C. for us to go to bed early D. that westayed up to watch it

16. Please arrive early because we want to be able to start our meeting early.A. Please arrive early so that we can start our meeting earlyB. Please arrive early so that we are able to start our meeting earlyC. Please arrive early so that we would able to start our meeting earlyD. Please arrive early for us to be able to start our meeting early

17. Sally can type faster than Jane.A. Jane can type less fast than Sally B. Jane can type not as fast as SallyC. Jane cannot type as fast as Sally D. Jane can type slower than Sally

18. Non-smokers have now become more -------------- about smoking in public placesA. militant B. military C. militancy D. militaristic

19. We are very fond -------------- folk musicA. of B. on C. in D. at

20. Farmers can prevent -------------- by ploughing along the contours of the hill.A. erosion B. rotation C. pollution D. contamination

21. Both of the computers were not working.A. Neither of the computers were not working. B. One of thecomputers was not working.

C. Neither of the computers were working. B. None of the computers were notworking22. She was proud of herself to be able -------------- from her parents.

A. to live independent B. to live independently C. living independent D. livingindependently

23.The word WTO comes from the phrase -------------- .A. World Transport Organization B. Work Training OrganizationC. World Trade Organization D. Work Trend Organization

24. All the students in my school have to attend the -------------- training.A. militarize B. militarism C. militarily D. military

25. He said to me, Im sorry I was so rude to you.

A. He apologized for to be so rude to me. B. He apologized to be so rude to mC. He apologized for being so rude to me. D. He apologized being so rude to m26. Have you -------------- the No Smoking sign?

A. taken notice ofB. made use of C. kept pace with D. put a stop to27.They have the keenness to go to work to help their Mum out with the money at

home.A. eagerness B. happiness C. sadness D. loneliness

28.

tai lieu on tap tot nghiep thpt

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