taiwan roc & hong kong
DESCRIPTION
Taiwan ROC & Hong Kong. Postwar History. Republic of China 1912 -. First republic in Asia First president: Sun Yat-sen (1866 - 1925). Chiang Kai-shek. First constitutional president 1948 - 1975 Defeated by CCP in 1949 Retreated to Taiwan - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Taiwan ROC & Hong Kong
Postwar History
Republic of China 1912 -
First republic in AsiaFirst president: Sun Yat-sen (1866 -
1925)
Chiang Kai-shek
First constitutional president 1948 - 1975
Defeated by CCP in 1949Retreated to TaiwanAuthoritarian rule for a
quarter century
ROC Government
President (4-year term after 1996)The Five ``Yuan”:
Executive Yuan Legislative Yuan Judicial Yuan Examination Yuan Control Yuan
Provinces
Taiwan before 1949
Immigration from mainland China for centuries (Fujian and Hakka)
1885, promoted from prefecture to province
1895, ceded to Japan1945, returned to Republic of China``Taiwanese” versus ``mainlanders”
Taiwan & Islands
Area: 13,900 square miles
Population: 22.7 million
Fujian 70%Hakka 15%“mainlanders”
13%
Comparison
area mainland: 9,600,000 km2
Taiwan: 36,000 km2
population mainland: 1.3 billion Taiwan: 22.7 million
Comparison
nominal GDP of 2002 mainland: 1,237 billion US$ Taiwan: 286 billion US$
trade volume of 2002 mainland: 621 billion US$ Taiwan: 243 billion US$
Time-lagged development
Land reform in Taiwan (1950s) and in mainland (1970s)
economic takeoff in Taiwan (1950s- ) and in mainland (1980s- )
export promotion policies tariff rebates (1950s vs. 1980s) special economic zones (1960s vs.
1980s)
Time-lagged development
Promotion of small and medium size enterprises in Taiwan (1960s- ) and in mainland (1980s- )
currency exchange rate 1960s vs. 1990s
Popular elections at the basic level
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Taiwan & Mainland's Annual Export Growth Rate
Chiang’s One-China Policy
``Mainland was temporarily usurped by communist bandits”
``Gloriously retake the mainland”Refused diplomatic relations with
any country that recognized PRCROC was a permanent member of
UN Security Council until 1971
Lee Teng-hui (1923 - )
Succeeded Chiang Kai-shek’s son as president of ROC and chairman of GMD in 1988
Became the first popularly elected president of ROC in 1996
Helped Democratic Progressive Party gain power in 2000
Chen Shui-bian (1950 - )
Leader of the Democratic Progressive Party
Inauguration in 2000
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Taiwan's Economic Growth Rate
Taiwan's Unemployment Rate
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Taiwan's Export to Mainland (billion US$)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Taiwan's Investment on Mainland (million US$)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Hong Kong
Land & People
422 square miles Hong Kong Island Kowloon
Peninsular New Territories Outlying islands
7 million residents 95% Chinese
Brief History
HK Island was occupied by UK in 1841New Territories on 99-year lease in 1898Occupied by Japan during World War IIShanghai enterprises fled CCP forces in
late 1940s (industrialization of HK)One of the four ``Asian Little Tigers”
Export & GDP 1960 - 1999
Handover to PRC
Deng Xiaoping: “1 country, 2 systems”PRC Constitution of 1982: S.A.R.PRC & UK Joint Declaration in 19847th National People’s Congress adopted
Basic Law of HKSAR in Beijing in 1990Became Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region of PRC in July 1, 1997
``1 Country, 2 Systems”
Capitalist system and way of life shall remain unchanged for 50 years (B.L. A5)
HKSAR enjoys executive, legislative, and independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication (B.L. A2)
PRC Central Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs (B.L. A13-14)