taiwan’s party system
DESCRIPTION
TAIWAN’S PARTY SYSTEM. Week 5. Lecture Outline. Party System in Taiwan Impact of Electoral System on Party System Impact of Social Cleavage on Party System. 1. Party System in Taiwan. How many parties in Taiwan? A. 2 ; B. 3; C.4; D. All are correct - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
TAIWAN’S PARTY SYSTEM
Week 5
Lecture Outline
• Party System in Taiwan
• Impact of Electoral System on Party System
• Impact of Social Cleavage on Party System
1. Party System in Taiwan
• How many parties in Taiwan? – A. 2; B. 3; C.4; D. All are correct
– How many relevant parties (Saotori)?• De facto two parties?
1. Party System in Taiwan
• Conflictual two parties system? (role of media)– Rather than consensual or accommodative
party system (Almond [ 阿尔蒙得] 2006, p.90)
– Functions of polarized social cleavage• “Manufactured” two parties?
– Functions of electoral system
Party Systems in Taiwan
• The Nationalist Party (KMT, 国民党 )– Conservative by name ?– Transference of the meaning via translation– Three People’s Principles ( 民族[民有]、民权[民治]、民生[民享])
–“驱除鞑虏 ,恢复中华 ,创立民国 ,平均地权”– To conserve one China framework– Right tendency in social issues?
Party Systems in Taiwan
Party Systems in Taiwan
• The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP, 民主进步党)• More radical in changing the status quo• Environmentalism• 更多地代表中下层、中小企业和中南部利益• 累积性社会分歧(非交叉性分歧)
• Taiwan Solidarity Union (TSU,台联)• People’ First Party (PFP, 亲民党)• The Chinese New Party (NP,中华新党)
Party Systems and Parliamentary Seat Percentage
• Jean Blondel’s ideal types–Two party system : 50-50 or 55-
45–Two and one-half party system:
45-40-15–Multi-party with one dominant
party system : 45-20-15-10-10–Multi-party system : 25-25-25-
15-10
Vote and Seat Percentage in Legislative Yuan, 2001-2012
• 2001: 39%-30%-20%-6%-4%(Seat)• 2004: 40%-35%-15%-5%-4%(Seat)• 2008 ( KMT vs. DPP):
– Vote : 53.5% vs. 38.2% (“区域立委”得票率)– Seat : 72% vs. 24% (总席位 113席)
• 2012 ( KMT vs. DPP):– Vote : 48.2% vs. 43.8% ( 44.6% vs. 34.6
%)– Seat : 56.6% (64) vs. 35.4% (40)
2. Impact of Electoral System on Party System
• New electoral system for LV since 2008– 1 seat for 73 single-member districts
• 1998-2004: 168 from multi-member districts– 3 seats for each of the 2 multi-member districts
• 1998-2004: 4 for each– 34 seats for proportional party representative
system • 1998-2004: 49, including 8 for overseas)
– 73 + 6 + 34 + 113 • 1998-2004: 225
Vote Percentage (%) and Seats in Legislative Elections,1992-2012
Year
Seats
1992
161
1995
164
1998
225
2001
225
2004
22508>10
113>
2012
113
KMT 52.7
94
46.1
85
46.4
124
28.6
68
32.8
79
53.5
81>74
48.2
64
PFP / / / 18.6
46
13.9
34
0.29
1>>0
1.33
3
NP / 13.0
21
7.1
11
2.6
1
0.1
1 /0.08
0
DPP 31.4
51
33.2
54
29.6
70
33.4
87
35.7
89
38.2
27>>33
43.8
40
TSU / / / 7.8
13
7.8
12
0.96
0 3
Others 15.9
16
7.8
4
16.9
20
9.0
10
9.7
10
7.08
4>>5
6.61
3
Party Seats in Legislative Yuan, 1992-2012
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2008 2012
NP
PFP
KMT
DPP
TSU
Other
Seats and Percentage (%)
Yean
Seat1992161
1995164
1998225
2001225
2004225
2008113
2012113
NP N/A 21
12.8
11
4.89
1
0.4
1
0.4
0
0
0
0
PFP N/A N/A N/A 46
20.4
34
15.1
1
0.9
3
2.65
KMT 94
58.4
85
51.8
124
55.1
68
30.2
79
35.1
81(74)
71.7
64
56.6
DPP 51
31.7
54
32.9
70
31.1
87
38.7
89
39.6
27(33)
23.9
40
35.4
TIP/
TSU
N/A N/A 1
0.4
13
5.8
12
5.3
3
2.65
Vote Percentage and Seat Percentage: A Comparison of Vote to Seat Share Ratio
1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2008 2012
国民党 52.758.4
46.151.8
46.455.1
28.630.2
32.835.1
53.5/51.271.68
48.2/44.656.64
亲民党 n/a n/a n/a 19.0
20.4
14.3
15.1
0.29/0
0.88
1.33/5.49
2.65
新党 n/a 13.0
12.8
7.14.89
2.60.4
0.10.4
0/3.95
0
0.08/1.49
0
民进党 31.431.7
33.232.9
29.631.1
33.438.7
35.739.6
38.2or36.923.89
43.8/34.635.40
建国党 /台联
n/a n/a 1.450.4
7.85.8
7.85.3
0.96/3.530
0/8.962.65
其他 15.99.9
7.82.4
16.98.9
9.04.4
9.74.4
7.083.54
6.61/4.92.65
Single-Member District:Good for Incumbents
连任 % 同党换人
% 蓝绿轮替
%
KMT 33( 43 )
75 5 11.3 4 13.6
DPP 11( 15 )
40.7 4 14.8 12 44.4
Total 45 61.6 9 12.3 19 26.0
Vote Percentage in Presidential Elections
Year/
Vote%
1996
76.04
2000
82.69
2004
80.28
2008
76.33
2012
74.38
KMT 54.0
Lee & Lian
23.10
Lien &
Hsiao
49.89
Lien &
Song
58.45
Ma &
Hsiao
51.6
Ma &
Wu
DPP 21.13 39.30
Chen
& Lu
50.11
Chen &
Lu
41.55
Hsieh &
SU
45.6
Tsai &
Su
Others 24.88
Lin&Hao Chen
36.84
James Song
2.77
Song
Blue Votes in Local and Presidential Elections
Green Votes in Local and Presidential Elections
台湾地区最高领导人历年选举得票率比较年份 /
投票率1996
76.04
2000
82.69
2004
80.28
2008
76.33
2012
74.38
国民党 54.0
李 & 连23.10
连 & 萧49.89
连 & 宋58.45
马 & 萧51.6
马 & 吴
民进党 21.13
彭 & 谢39.30
陈 & 吕50.11
陈 & 吕41.55
谢 & 苏45.6
蔡 & 苏
第三势力
24.88
林 & 郝 陈 & 王
36.84
宋 & 张2.77
宋楚瑜
两党体系的确立
• 让 ·布隆德尔( Jean Blondel)根据议会席次比的理想分类– 两党体系:50-50 和 55-45之间
– 两个半政党体系: 45-40-15
– 一党优势的多党体系: 45-20-15-10-10
– 不具一党优势的多党体系: 25-25-25-15-10
两党体系的确立(立法机构席次率)
• 2001: 39%----30%----20%----6%----4%• 得票率: 38.7 % --30.2 % ----20.4 % --5.8 % ---4.4%
• 2004: 40%-----35%-----15%-----5%----4%• 得票率: 39.6 % --35.1 % -----15.1 % ----5.3 % ----4.4%
• 2008 : 72%--24% [ 81 席— 27席]–得票率: 51.2 % vs. 36.9%(政党票)[ 20席- 14席]–得票率: 53.5% vs. 38.2%(选区票)[ 61席- 13席]
• 2012 : 56.6%-- 35.4% [ 64席- 40席]–得票率: 44.6% vs. 34.6%(政党票)[ 16席- 13席]–得票率: 48.2% vs. 43.8%(选区票)[ 48席- 27席]
4. 两党体系的确立
•选举制度对政党体系的影响– 73个选区一区一席
•1998-2004: 由一区多席产生 168 席位• 2 个原住民选区一区三席
•1998-2004: 一区四席• 由政党比例代表制产生 34 个席位( 30 %)
•1998-2004:49 ( 22 %) , 含 8 个华侨席位• 73 + 6 + 34 + 113
•1998-2004: 225