TANZANIA CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE PROGRAM (DRAFT)

By Mary Majule

Ministry of Agriculture Food Security and Cooperatives - Tanzania

Presented at Climate and Agriculture Network for Africa (CANA) Training 08th May 2015 – Nairobi, Kenya

Outline

• Need for CSA Program

• Introduction

• Agricultural Production Trends

• Vision and Objectives

• Programmatic Result Areas

• Coordination Framework

Need for CSA Program

CSA Program Preparation Process • GoT efforts to mainstream Climate Change

Considerations • The EAC 3RD Meeting of the Sectoral Council on

Environment and Natural Resources held from 27th-31st January 2014 in Bujumbura – Establishment of NCSATF

• NEPAD Climate Change Fund – COMESA, EAC, SADC and the CGIAR Research

Program CCAFS support • Joint Consultative Approach by MAFC & VPO guided by

Multi-stakeholder / Multi-disciplinary Expert Team • Agriculture Climate Resilience Plan (2014 – 2019)

Action 2

Accelerate uptake of Climate Smart

Agriculture

Action 3

Reduce impacts of climate-related shocks through improved risk

management

Action 1

Improve agricultural land and water management

Action 4

Strengthen knowledge and systems

to target climate action

ACRP Priority Resilience Actions

Introduction

• The agriculture sector is a key to overall economic growth and development of Tanzania.

– It provides livelihood to over 80% of the population,

– generates about 24.1% of GDP,

– contributes 30% of export earnings and

– employs 75% of the total labor force

• Smallholder farmers dominate the agricultural sector

– average farm sizes is between 0.2 and 2.0 hectares

Share of Agriculture in GDP YEAR SECTOR (percent)

Agriculture Industry Services Other (Net Indirect

Taxes)

2005 26.9 20.8 42.5 26.9

2006 25.3 20.8 43.3 25.3

2007 25.0 21.2 43.3 25.0

2008 24.9 21 43.8 24.9

2009 23.8 22 43.6 23.8

2010 24.1 21 49.5 24.1

2011 24.7 21 50 24.7

2012 24.8 21 50 24.8

2013 24.7 25 47.7 24.7

Agricultural Production Trends

• Tanzania is endowed with 44 million ha – 46% of total land is suitable for agriculture.

• Only 32 % of the arable land is cultivated. The other part is not cultivated due to – infertile soils, soil erosion, degradation and

proneness to drought.

• Area suitable for irrigation is about 29.4 million ha, of which only 1.5% ha is under irrigation.

Food Crop Yield

Industrial Crop Yield

Livestock Population Trend

Aquaculture production Trends

Food Consumption & Nutrition Trends

• Cereals, roots and tubers serve as staples

• Frequency of vegetable consumption is high but do not contribute substantially to nutrient intake.

• Frequency of meat and milk consumption is extremely low,

• Under nutrition is still highly prevalent. – More than a 1/3 of children under five years are

affected by chronic malnutrition (stunting).

Prevalence of nutrient deficiencies

Category of population

affected

Type of deficiency and percent affected

PED Anaemia IDD VAD

Children under-five years 52.0 45.0 13.0 30.0

Pregnant and lactating

women

13.0 80.0 52.0 0.7

Remaining groups 20.0 20.0 40.0 0.1

General population 28.0 32.0 25.0 6.1

Enabling Policy Environment

• Regional level – CAADP

– EAC

– SADC

• Macro-economic level – TDV

– NSGRP II

• Sectoral Policies and Strategies – Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries

– Environment and Climate Change

– Land, Land use and Forestry

Trend in Agricultural Financing

Agricultural Production Trends…

• Constraints to Agriculture Development and Growth

– Land Degradation and Soil Health

– Climate Change and Variability

– Agricultural Finance and Investments

Climate change impacts in Tanzania with respect to temperature under lower (RCP 4.5) and higher (RCP 8.5) greenhouse gas emissions scenarios

Climate change impacts in Tanzania with respect to precipitation in Tanzania under lower (RCP 4.5) and higher (RCP 8.5) greenhouse gas emissions scenarios

VISION AND OBJECTIVES

The Vision is

“Agricultural sector that sustainably increases productivity enhances climate resilience and food security for the national economic development in line with Tanzania Vision 2025”.

Vision and Objectives…

Objectives

1. Increase productivity of the agricultural sector through (appropriate) climate smart agriculture practices that consider gender.

2. Enhance climate resilience of agricultural and food systems.

3. Strengthen policy, legal and institutional framework to increase efficiency and effective implementation of climate smart agriculture.

Vision and Objectives…

4. Improve infrastructure to support value addition, marketing, trade and postharvest management.

5. Develop financing mechanisms to solicit resources through national, international and public private partnerships to support climate smart agriculture.

Result Area 1: Improved Productivity and incomes

Component 1: Improved productivity and nutrition

Output 1: Improved technologies adopted by smallholder farmers and yields of staple crops (maize, rice, cassava and beans) increased by 50% by 2025

Output 2: Production of poultry, cattle, small ruminants and pigs increased by 30% through adoption of improved technologies

Result Area 1 …

Output 3: Productivity of cultured fish (tilapia and other freshwater fish) increased by 50 percent and other freshwater and marine fish increased by 25% by 2025.

Output 4: Stunting and underweight in children as well as mineral deficiencies in children and women of reproductive age reduced by 50% by 2025.

Result Area 1 …

Component 2: Irrigation and water management

Output 1: Irrigation schemes productivity increased by 25 percent and integrated farming systems increased by 50% by 2025

Output 2: 1.5 million ha of irrigation developed by 2025 to benefit 2.3 million households.

Output 3: 500,000 ha of integrated farming systems with sustainable water harvesting and management systems developed by 2025 to benefit 700,000 households.

Result Area 1 …

Component 3: Improved Food Storage and Distribution

Output 1: Post harvest losses along staple food crops (maize, rice, cassava, beans), horticultural crops, livestock and fish value chains reduced by 30% by 2025.

Output 2: Private sector capacity enhanced to store 5000 Mt of grain annually and to process and package 50% of cereals, cassava and sorghum products annually by 2025.

Result Area 1 …

Component 4: Increased Growth of Incomes

Output 1: Income from food and cash crop production by men and women increased by 20% and 30 percent, respectively by 2025.

Output 2: Income from livestock production by men and women increased by 20% and 25% respectively by 2025.

Output 3: Income from culture fish production by men and women increased by 20% by 2025.

Result Area 2: Building resilience and associated mitigation co-benefits

Component 1: Improve soil health and restore degraded lands

Output 1: Adoption of climate smart technologies and sustainable land management practices by 5 million households by 2025

Output 2: Technology dissemination and adoption for scaling up of CSA and SLM promoted by 2025.

Output 3:C SA and SLM knowledge to support policy and investment decision making generated and adequately managed by 2025

Result Area 2 …

Component 2:Conservation of Natural Resources and Catchments

Output 1: The National REDD+ Strategy implemented in 25% of Natural forests in the country by 2025

Output 2:Farm/community forest cover increased by 20% by 2025

Component 3: Insurance and Other Safety Nets

Output 1: Crop and livestock weather-indexed insurance increased by 30% by 2025

Result Area 2 …

Component 4: Early Warning System and Emergency Preparedness

Output 1: A Comprehensive Early Warning System and Contingency Plan developed and implemented by 2017

Component 5: Synergies in adaptation and mitigation enhanced

Output 1: Reduction of GHG emissions intensity from the agriculture sector

Result Area 3: Value Chain Integration Component 1: Development of new agricultural

products

Output 1: At least two new commercially viable products developed from each of the staple crops, horticultural crops, livestock and fisheries by 2025.

Output 2: Efficient pilot value chains developed for two selected commodities in each agro-ecological zone.

Result Area 3 …

Component 2: Increased competitiveness and enhanced integration into domestic, regional and international markets

Output 1: Marketed output of food and cash crops, livestock and fish products by smallholders increased by 50% by 2025

Output 2: Export of non-traditional agricultural commodities by men and women smallholders increased by 50% by 2025

Output 3: Grading and standardization systems of agricultural commodities (crops, livestock and fish) developed and improved

Result Area 4: Research for Development and Innovations Component 1: Agricultural research funding and Uptake

of Agricultural Technologies and Innovations along the Value Chain

Output 1: Increased funding in research and development and innovations by 50percent by 2025

Output 2: Adoption of improved CSA technologies and practices by men and women along the value chain increased by 30percent by 2025.

Component 2: Research Extension Linkage strengthened and made functional by 2018

Output 1: Research Extension Linkage and made functional by 2018

Result Area 5: CSA Knowledge, Extension and Agro-weather Services

Component 1: CSA knowledge generation and dissemination

Output 1: Robust CSA Knowledge Management System (Platform/Hub) across the country

Output 2: Synthesis reports and case studies on CSA best approaches and guidelines prepared and disseminated

Output 3: Multimedia CSA knowledge products, training and communications packages produced

Output 4: CSA knowledge networks and partnerships strengthened

Result Area 5 …

Component 2: Enhance extension, climate information services and agro- weather advisories

Output 1: Agro-climate information services and timely-use of agro-weather products increased by 40percent by 2025.

Result Area 6: Improved Institutional Coordination

Component 1: Improve Inter-Ministerial and Local Government Coordination

Output 1: A joint platform for collaboration between ministries responsible agriculture, livestock, fisheries, environment, forestry, water, finance and planning established and strengthened by end of 2015

Component 2: Partnerships with private sector and civil society organizations

Output 1: A platform for private sector and CSOs engagement with national and local governments established and strengthened by end of 2017

Result Area 6 …

Component 3: Programmatic Coordination with Development Partners strengthened

Output 1: GoT – Development Partner Coordination and Collaboration strengthened and Development Partners fund a common Country CSA Program by end of 2015

Coordination

Coordination

Coordination Framework

Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation (PM&E)

• PM&E framework that ensures the project targets are met and learning achieved will be an emphasis of the proposed investment plan.

• Capacity building in PM&E

• The tools for M&E will include the programme log frame, annual work plan and budget.

• Audit of project activities constitutes part of M&E system.

Way forward

• MAFC is organizing the Stakeholder Workshop to validate the Country CSA Program

• Mobilization of resources for CSA Program

On the other hand;

• MAFC and FAO are in process to prepare and disseminate CSA Guideline

• FAO have shown interest to support implementation of ACRP under action 2 of Accelerating Uptake of CSA