teaching ppt,dr.manishankar,management of diversity

Management of DiversityAdvanced Diploma-HRM

Dr. Manishankar ChakrabortyBusiness Studies Department

Ibra College of Technology

Management of Diversity, ICT, Dr. Manishankar Chakraborty

Introducing Diversity

Observe and Understand Diversity

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYVHttiXyiA

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&v=nBRgU_tDMuc&NR=1

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNeR4bBUj68












Course overview

Need for the course How it can assist you in your career How this course is related to other courses How this course is different from other courses Approach required to understand this course Mark oriented approach to knowledge centric approach How the practical activities in this course is different from others How the practical activities contribute towards learning Importance of continuous learning Handling wrong perceptions/myths about the subject Career Opportunities


Outcome- 1Define the meaning of Management of Diversity

Background Information

Liberalization, Globalization, Privatization

Mobility of workforce

Women workforce

Old employees

Differences in employee profile

MNC’s like Pepsiso, Microsoft, Coke, Toyota, Nissan, Walmart, Tata, Carrefour cases in point

Workplace discrimination


Assessments

Objective type surprise quiz-I=5 Marks Library based handwritten activity within deadline(questions/situations/case-lets/secondary

literature review on assigned topics)= 5 Marks Midterm exam= 20 Marks Objective type surprise quiz-II=5 Marks Presentation on a topic within the deadline= 5 Marks Report submission on the topic of presentation within the deadline= 5 Marks Attendance= 3 Marks (Deduction of 1 Mark for 1st warning, 2 Marks for 2nd warning and 3 Marks for

3rd warning) Class participation= 2 Marks (To be done on the basis of the complete semester observation) Final Exam= 50 Marks TOTAL = 100 Marks

Thumb rules to succeed Punctuality, Interaction with teacher and peers , Daily scheduling, Daily Revision,

Additional reading and writing.


Sample of Practical Activities

Innovative way of understanding and presenting Diversity by the Advanced Diploma Students, 2011 and 2012 batches-

http://manishankarscribbles.wordpress.com/2012/03/29/exhibition-on-management-of-diversity/






Outcome 1

Definition

The shared set of values and beliefs leading to common behaviour.

An integrated system of learned behaviour pattern that are characteristics of the members among given societies.

E.g. Staff of different nationalities in Ibra College have shared set of values and beliefs and have some common behavior as well.

Diversity : Dimensions

Descriptive model of 4 Layers of diversity by Gardenswartz and Rowe by attributing diversity factors like-

Internal Dimensions, Personality, Organizational Dimensions, External Dimensions

Personality is part of the inner circle, a dimension which constitutes the core of this model and covers all aspects of a person.


Outcome-1

4 Layers

Outcome 1

Internal Dimension (2nd Circle)

They are also known as core dimensions, which cannot be easily changed by individuals and therefore considered by relevant equal treatment acts.

It consists of the following-

Gender Nationality and Ethnicity Social Class Background Age Mental and Physical Capacity Religion/Worldview

Management of Diversity, Dr. Manishankar Chakraborty


Outcome-1

External Dimension (3rd Circle)

They are known for their variableness (can change sometimes). Religion/worldview are exceptions in that list. Religion/worldview are part of internal dimensions because of two reasons-

(1) They cannot be chosen freely (2) Discrimination due to these are not allowed (forbidden)

Factors of external dimensions are as follows-

Geographic Location Income Personal Habits Recreational Habits Religion/Worldview Education Work Experience Appearance Parental Status Marital Status

Outcome 1

Organizational Background (Outer Circle)

They are defined by corporate or institutional attachment (affiliation). The dimension are follows-

Functional Level Classification Work Content and Field of Work Research Interests/Field of Study Faculty Center Department/Branch of Study/Services and Facilities Work Location/Study Location Type of Employment Duration of Employment/Duration of Study



Outcome 1

Characteristics of Diversity The characteristics of diversity are as follows-

(1) It is learned and transmitted (passed)from one generation to another (2)It can be passed from parent to children, by social organizations, special interest groups,

governments, mosques, temples, churches etc. (3)It is multidimensional, consisting of a number of common elements that are interdependent.

Importance of Diversity R. Roosevelt Thomas in his book Beyond Race and Gender defined Managing Diversity as a

comprehensive managerial process for developing an environment that works for all employees.

Diversity management therefore can be described on the following basis- (1) Mindset of an organization (2) Climate of an organization (3) Differences in workplace due to different race, workplace styles, disabilities and other

differences.


Outcome-1

Short Note on Diversity Management

Different words like diversity, productive diversity, workplace diversity are used to explain diversity management, however they have some grounds like-

(1) They accept the reality that people differ in many ways. (2) They identify consequences at the workplace, society that may arise due to diversity (3) They suggest strategies to ensure that these issues are addressed in the interest of the society

or workplace.

Diversity management is a tool to capture diversity dividend.

Diversity focusses on- (1) Managing the difference within a company’s workforce (2) The difference is managed by capitalizing the benefits and reducing workplace related

challenges caused due to diversity.


Outcome-1

Short Note on Diversity Management

Diversity management contributes bottom-line and development of the organization in the following ways-

(1) Improves the efficiency of HRM functions (2) Fostering superior decision making, problem solving, creativity & innovation, key factors in the

creation of knowledge based companies (3) Develops cross-cultural capabilities that helps in operations in culturally complex environments

at home and abroad. (4)Implement new product/service developments and new sales/marketing strategies for different

customer bases.


Outcome-1

What is diversity management?

It refers to differences between individuals. Differences are visible and invisible. Differences are gender, age, skills, tenure, learning styles etc. The differences can have positive impact on the workplace by making optimal use of the capacities

and abilities both qualitatively and quantitatively. It is a total managerial process for making a suitable environment for all. It encourages managers to enable, empower and influence employees to reach their true potential. It helps in the organizational systems, policies and practices benefit all and not a few. It helps in serving customers and clients better. It targets people interested in integrating diverse work groups. It helps in developing proactive approaches. It promotes creativity, innovation, competitive advantage by reducing discrimination.


Outcome 1

Diversity Management Principles

Diversity due to immigration, mobility between region and states, marginalized groups in workplace, like women, disabled and old workers is a challenge.

Heterogeneity in the workplace is on the rise.

Policies for diverse workforce should be supported by tools that helps to gain benefits and reduce pitfalls due to diversity.

The principles are as follows-

(1) Proactive approach- It enables to identify and realize the potential of diverse knowledge, skills and background of the workforce helping to achieve obligations of social justice. (2) Common and Integrated Approach- Policies relating to gender, people with disabilities, equality, CSR should be relevant to managing workplace diversity. It can be done by adopting a common and integrated approach to deal with a diverse workforce. (3) Inclusion and Equity- It recognizes that employees from diverse backgrounds are entitled to equal rights and that organization as part of the society have the responsibility to support social justice for all.(4) Business Case- It ensures effectiveness of the diversity management policies by meeting commitments of social justice and CSR.


Outcome-1

Workplace diversity It encourages managers to enable, empower, influence employees to reach their potential.

Two distinct but connected channels leading to superior company performance are- (1) Tapping into the benefits that flow from effective diversity management (2) Focusing on corrective strategies to solve ineffective diversity management that imposes cost.

It helps in improved individual and organizational performance Powerful impact on problem solving, decision making, innovation and creativity It would assist in producing diversity dividend by using diverse unique skills, perspectives and

knowledge of the workforce.

Diversity best practices Organizations having diversity best practices value people, cultivate environment where cultural

awareness, sensitivity, fairness and integrity prosper. The practices include- (1) Integrated process that is ongoing and has measurable strategy (2) Efforts are primarily decentralized with a central governing body outlining requirements of plans

with individual agencies.


Knowledge Reinforcement

Case- Study Situation for Analysis Review Questions (1) What is diversity? (2) Do you think diversity is an advantage or it is a disadvantage for an organization? Explain with

reasons. (3)What is diversity quotient? How does it help in the management of diversity. (3) Microsoft is a global company having diverse stakeholders globally. Identify the challenges they

might be facing internally and externally due to diversity and suggest solutions to manage the same.

(4)Why is it important to understand differences in a positive manner so as to manage diversity? Links for additional reading http://www.univie.ac.at/diversity/management.html http://ucsfhr.ucsf.edu/index.php/pubs/hrguidearticle/chapter-12-managing-diversity-in-the-workplac

e/

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-diversity-management.htm

http://www.univie.ac.at/diversity/management.html

http://www.univie.ac.at/diversity/management.html

http://ucsfhr.ucsf.edu/index.php/pubs/hrguidearticle/chapter-12-managing-diversity-in-the-workplace/






Outcome-2Recognize the cross-cultural communications and how to use this type of communication

What is culture? It is concerned with beliefs and values on the basis of which people interpret experiences and

behave individually and in groups. OR It refers to a group or community with which he/she shares common experiences that shape the

way a person understands the world.

One person can belong to several different cultures depending on his or her birthplace, nationality, ethnicity, family status, gender, age, language, education, physical condition, religion, profession, place of work and corporate culture.

It is the lens through which one views the world and therefore important to what one see, how one make sense of what he sees, and how he expresses.

Outcome-2

Four Cultural Dimensions Culture, both national and organizational differ along many dimensions. Four most important parameters are-

Directness (getting to the point Vs. implying the message) Hierarchy (Follow orders Vs. Engaging in Debate) Consensus (Dissent is accepted Vs. unanimity is needed) Individualism (Individual winners Vs. Team effectiveness)

These are life-line for the organization as effective communication helps in effective human resource utilization to achieve organizational goals and objectives.



Outcome-2

Cultural dimensions depends on certain factors which play a very important role in shaping the culture of the organization. The factors are dynamic as their variables changes from time to time.

The factors are listed below-

(1) Sharing of ideas and facts- Higher-ups to share the right ideas and facts so that they are disseminated properly all around the organization.

It helps in the development of right work culture, motivating employees to achieve goals.

(2) Motivating people- Motivation is important as people have different culture, language, habit and making the organization a diverse one.Continuous motivation of employees should form the culture.

(3) Transmission of decisions- Decisions should be passed from level to another across functions that helps employees clear demarcation of their roles and responsibilities.This assists in mixing individual goal with the organizational goal.

(4) Persuasive action- Employees are convinced (persuaded) to contribute in line with the diversity and cross-cultural issues of the organization.


Outcome-2

(5) Counseling action- It is important to help employees to understand the details (nuances) at the workplace.

It helps in guiding junior employees by seniors thereby resolve all problems.

(6) Meaningful interaction- It is an important tool as it allows employees participate in discussion which allows everyone to contribute towards the organizational culture.

Definition of cross cultural communication- It implies interaction with persons of varied cultural, ethnic, racial, gender, religious, age and class backgrounds.

It is the process of exchanging, negotiating and mediating in one’s cultural differences through language, non-verbal gestures and space relationships.

It is a process by which people express their openness to intercultural experiences.

Advantages of effective communication- (1) Ties people together and also help in making an effective organizational structure. (2) Helps in bridging people across organization. (3) Facilitates in understanding and acceptance of ideas and actions. (4) Builds rapport amongst staff across levels and functions. (5) Creates better leadership, allowing people to motivate and perform towards organizational

objective. Develops harmony within the length and breadth of the organization.


Outcome-2

Background to cross-cultural communication Cross cultural interaction increased with the growth of globalization and international tourism. This led to increased desire and need for knowledge regarding cross-cultural communication across

levels. Cross-cultural communication and cultural training is therefore important.

Communication barriers-

Barriers are man-made or natural ones. Some of them are listed below-

(1) Language barrier- Knowledge of the home country’s language is important for personnel in foreign assignments.

Absence creates hurdles while interacting with peers, superiors and subordinates. Affects personal and professional life.

(2) Poor writing- Writing if misunderstood results in conflict, breaking personal and professional relationships.

(3) Cultural barriers- It happens due difference in culture. Something good in one culture may be bad in other and vice-versa. Important to break cultural barriers by studying existing culture and their good/bad.


Outcome-2

(4) Perceptual barrier- Developed due to change in perception. E.g. Working late may be perceived positively by some and negatively by others.

Increasing communication effectiveness- Communication effectiveness should be developed in diverse organization to avoid a chaotic

environment leading to loss of productivity of the organization. It is important to know the rules involved while communicating with native and non-native

speakers.

Rules while communicating with Non-Native speakers- Use of common words which is easy to understand. Following basic rules of grammar. Avoiding slangs. Paraphrasing for easy understanding.

Non-verbal communications too play and important role. So, the following should be understood- Kinesics- Communication through body movements and facial expression Proxemics- Using physical space to convey message Chronemics- The way in which time is used in culture (monochromatic or polychromatic) Chromatics- Using color to communicate messages.


Outcome-2

Communication effectiveness can be improved by developing a feedback mechanism, imparting language training, cultural training, flexibility and cooperation amongst people working within and outside the organization.

Other general measures are as follows-

(1) Improved feedback system- Feedback to know whether message has been delivered and understood in the right context.

(2) Language Training- Language training to expatriate workers in the local language. (3) Cultural Training- Cultural training to explain Do’s and Don'ts of different culture. (4) Flexibility and Cooperation- A culture should be developed where processes and approaches are

flexible with changing times. Cooperation between employees and management should be present


Knowledge reinforcement

Case- Study Situation for Analysis Review Questions (1) What is cross-cultural communication? (2) Explain the importance of cross-cultural communication in Ibra College of Technology. (3)What are the possible perceptual barrier an expatriate employee may face in Oman? (3) Microsoft is a global company having diverse stakeholders globally. How can culture training

help the organization? (4)How can you reduce communication barrier in a diversified organization? Links for additional reading http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-cultural_communication http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/peace/treatment/xcolcomm.htm http://www.mindtools.com/CommSkll/Cross-Cultural-communication.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-cultural_communication

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-cultural_communication

http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/peace/treatment/xcolcomm.htm

http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/peace/treatment/xcolcomm.htm

http://www.mindtools.com/CommSkll/Cross-Cultural-communication.htm

http://www.mindtools.com/CommSkll/Cross-Cultural-communication.htm

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