Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Team MembersNicola GreenNotoya LoganSheldon Shaw

Motivation

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

1. Distinguish among the various theories of motivation

2. Describe the basic nature of hunger3. Describe the basic nature of sexual

motivation4. Describe the basic nature of aggression5. Describe the basic nature of intrinsic

motivation

Objectives

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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1. • Theories of Motivation2. • Hunger3. • Sexual Motivation4. • Aggressive Motivation5. • Achievement

Motivation6. • Intrinsic Motivation

MotivationCourse Content

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation is an internal process that causes an organism to move towards a goal.

Motivation

1. Motives2. Behaviour3. Goals

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

• A motive is something that drives a person to perform an action. It is anything that arouses one to behave or act. Action originates from motives. Motives are connected to the cognitive process of a person, and influence his behaviour in one or more ways. Motives are either needs or wants that create a state of imbalance, whether physiologically or psychologically, within an individual.

Motive

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

Behaviour is the action that results from a person’s motives. Behaviour can also be viewed as a series of activities a person does in order to achieve a goal. Human behaviour can be classified as common or unusual. For instance, it is common for a person to eat when he feels hungry, and it would be unusual for him to go on fasting when he feels hunger.

Behaviour

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

In order to correct the state of imbalance caused by a motive, goals are needed to be attained. If motives are the drives and behaviour is the means, then goals are the ends. The achievement of a goal through a behaviour tends to satisfy the motive. Goals can be inward, such as self-improvement, and/or outward, as in higher position, greater power or a better salary

Goal

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

Intrinsic

Types Of Motivation

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

Extrinsic

Types Of Motivation

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

• Instinct Theory –Sigmund Freud• Incentive Theory –B.F Skinner• Drive Theory – Clark Hull• Arousal Theory – James-Lang• Humanistic Theory – Abraham

Maslow

Theories of Motivation

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

• According to instinct theories, people are motivated to behave in certain ways because they are evolutionarily programmed to do so. An example of this in the animal world is seasonal migration. These animals do not learn to do this, it is instead an inborn pattern of behaviour

Instinct Theory of Motivation

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

• People are motivated to do things because of external rewards. For example, you might be motivated to go to work each day for the monetary reward of being paid. Behavioural learning concepts such as association and reinforcement play an important role in this theory of motivation.

Incentive Theory of Motivation

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

• People are motivated to take certain actions in order to reduce the internal tension that is caused by unmet needs. For example, you might be motivated to drink a glass of water in order to reduce the internal state of thirst.

Drive Theory of Motivation

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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Motivation

Drive Theory of Motivation (contd)

These behaviours are not always motivated by physiological needs. Often times people will eat even if they are not hungry

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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MotivationArousal Theory of Motivation

According to the arousal theory of motivation, when our arousal levels drop below our individually mandated optimal levels, we seek out stimulation to elevate them. For example, if our levels drop too low we might seek stimulation by going out to a night club with friends

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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MotivationHumanistic Theory

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MotivationHunger Motivation

Psychology Assignment February 2015/schwork.com/

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MotivationSexual Motivation