Techniques of

Filling the Gaps-1

Filling the gaps is a common question item in various academic exams such as J.S.C, S.S.S, H.S.C, University Admission, BCS, and other exams. There are many terms of English grammar which are considered to fill the gaps successfully. Most importantly, you should have the proper knowledge of parts of speeches and Tenses.

: . . , . . , . . , ,

, parts of speeches Tenses

I am here today to discuss over the rules and techniques of filling the gaps and this is my 1st lesson on this essential topic. I will discuss the rules step by step along with examples and explanations for your better understanding. Try to memorize these rules with proper understanding.

Who will be benefited from this lesson?

?

Yes, this is an important fact that for whom this lesson is arranged. The examinees of J.S.C, S.S.S, H.S.C board exams, The candidates of University Admission exams, BCS, and other organizational exams for job purposes should learn this lesson. Because filling the gaps is the mandatory question

item for them. But, unfortunately, the students make more mistakes in this item.

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Dont worry!

I will teach you the most effective and easiest ways of becoming successful in this case. All you have to do to stay in touch and follow each instruction actively. One more thing, if you have lacking in parts of speeches and classifications of tenses, you must study those lessons firstly before it.

!

parts of speeches classifications of tenses ,

Lets start our discussion now

...

At first, I want to you learn the master structure of the parts of speeches.

Here it is-

Now see the practical usages of this structure:

The boy has bought a deep red shirt from The market. noun Aux.v p.v. adverb adjective noun pre noun

Now, I will discuss 5 techniques on the lesson of filling in the gaps. Read carefully each rule along with example.

Techniques-01:

If the subject of the sentence is powerful and the doer of the action, you have to use the forms of verb according to the structure of tense but if the subject of the sentence is powerless and the doee of the verb, you have to use the form of verb according to the structure of voice.

sentence subject subject tense sentence

subject subject voice

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For an example,

I (write) a letter the principal of my college now

Your answer will be ( ) : (write)= am writing (tense)

A letter (write) by me now to the principal of my college

Your answer will be ( ) : (write)= is being written (voice)

Explanation:

Doer means the part which acts powerfully and doee means the part which is influenced because of verb. Here, doer is I who writes and doee is a letter which is written.

The subject of the sentence is I and powerful or doing the action writing. Besides, the sentence is in the present continues tense because of the phrase now. So, your answer will be based on the present continues tense and subject I.

But in second sentence, the subject is a letter that is powerless and has no power to write anything. So, the form of verb write changes according to the structure of voice.

sentence subject I verb tense subject a letter

verb voice

Techniques-02:

If the subject of the sentence is (3rd person+ singular number), you have to add s/es after the verb but if it is 3rd person plural or 2nd person or 1st person, you will add nothing after the verb. It will remain in base form.

subject (3rd person+ singular number) verb s/es verb

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For an example,

He (finish) the job always in time

Your answer will be ( ) : (finish)= finishes

Explanation: Because the subject he is 3rd person+ singular number.

They (finish) the job always in time.

Your answer will be ( ) : (finish)= finish

Explanation: Because the subject he is 3rd person+ plural number.

subject he 3rd person+ plural number , verb es subject- they verb

Now have the basic idea on the forms of subjects-

subject -

3rd person+ singular number subjects = He, she, it, Robin, Michel, Japan, Liver Brothers Ltd., etc.

Other subjects = I, they, we, you, boys, players, etc.

Techniques-03:

If there is a preposition before the gap, you must change the form of the word given in the gap or box into noun. And you can put a real noun form or the form made from the verb adding ing.

preposition noun noun noun verb (ing) noun

preposition -

These prepositions are: (in, at, on, of, for, from, by, with, without, within, below, along, beside, beyond, before, up, after, into, across, about, above, over, behind, down, inside, since, till, away, off, towards, than, until, around)

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For an example,

Television is a popular source of (entertain) for the children.

Your answer will be ( ) : (entertain)= entertainment (noun)/ entertaining (verb+ ing)

Explanation: there is a preposition of before the gap or box. So, the answer can be into two forms. But remember, it had better to use the original noun form. If you do not know the noun form of the given word, you can make it noun by adding the ing after the verb.

preposition of , noun , noun

verb ( ing) noun

Techniques-04:

If there is any article such as a, an, the before a gap or box, you will change the given word into a noun. But if the next word of the box is noun, you have to change the word into adjective then.

article: a, an, the noun noun adjective

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It looks like this-

That is the (honest), we have seen now.

Your answer will be ( ) : (honest)= honesty which is a noun

But, in this sentence-

That is the (honesty) person, we have seen now.

Your answer will be ( ) : (honesty)= honest which is an adjective.

Explanation: so, in the 1st sentence we get the article the before the box and after the box there is a comma, so our answer becomes a noun but in the 2nd sentence, we get a noun person after the box. Two nouns cannot sit together side by side without any preposition between them. As a result, after article, the first word will be an adjective and the second word will be noun.

article -the , noun noun

noun preposition adjective

Techniques-05:

If there is a modal auxiliary verb before a gap or box, the word in the gap must be a verb in base form. Because, firstly, a modal auxiliary verb cannot sit alone in a sentence. Secondly, after a modal auxiliary verb, the principal verb should be in base form. That means you cannot add any s/es/ies/ing/ed with the verb.

modal auxiliary verb verb , modal auxiliary verb sentence principal verb principal verb

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Lets have an example:

The principal of this college can (assist) you in this regard.

Your answer will be ( ) : (assist)=assist

Explanation: In this sentence there is a modal auxiliary verb can before the box. So, the word in the box should be verb in base form which is assist.

modal auxiliary verb can verb

modal auxiliary verbs

You should know all the modal auxiliary verbs in English: can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, used to, have to, need, dare, ought to, had better, would rather, (be+ going to), etc.

So, here I want to finish todays lesson on the Techniques of Filling the Gaps-1 and I hope I will come back soon with the new lesson as soon as possible.

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Thank you very much.

Prepared by MD.SAROWAR PARVEJ

B.A HONS. IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE & LITERATURE

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH

UNIVERSITY OF RAJSHAHI

CELL NO: 01722884155

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sparvejmail@gmail.com2014-04-01T23:26:58+0100BANGLADESHSarowar ParvejI am the author of this document