By Anu Mary Yohannan

TWO PHASES OF OPERATIONSCONTROL of an operation in process-

STATISTICALINSPECTION control of Raw Materials, Semi-

finished products, and Finished products

TECHNIQUES FOR QUALITY CONTROL

Method of Measuring and Continuously Improving Work Process before the final inspection of the product

It is Preventive & RemedialBased on THEORY OF SAMPLING-analysis of

few items out of total populationConsiderations-Setting Tolerance Limit of

acceptable quality & measuring the Product Quality

Useful in Automated Operations & Production of Product in large volumes

STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL (SQC)

1. TOLERANCE LIMITVariation in quality from the Standard Specifications which can be acceptableBased on past Data or Statistical formula

2.MEASUREMENT OF QUALITYTo avoid producing items beyond Tolerance Limit & avoid further LossesControl Charts are preparedBENEFITS-Reduction in Inspection cost, Greater efficiency in quality control, Early detection of faults & Adherence specifications

Applied at the stage of Raw Materials, Semi-finished products, and Finished products

Done by Quality Control Manager by comparing the quality of product to the STANDARD or SPECIFICATION by Visual or Testing Examination

When & How-Cost of Inspection & Quality

Sampling & Sample Size depends on Degree of Precision required

INSPECTION CONTROL

Comprehensive Quality Control is the Effort of an Organization to Develop, Design, Manufacture, Inspect, Market & Service products that will Satisfy the Customers at the time of Purchase and give them Satisfaction for a long time after purchase

IDEA OF QCWestern countries-by Quality Control Dept.(results not satisfactory)Japanese system of Management integrated Quality

Control with Manufacturing Dept.

QUALITY CONTROL THROUGH QUALITY CIRCLE(QC)

QC is a group of employees that meets regularly to solve problems affecting its work area(6-12 volunteers)

Receive training in problem solving, statistical quality control & group process

Control activities, Self-Development and mutual development & Control and Improvement within workplace utilizing QC techniques with all the members participating

Get solutions for quality & productivity problems-Implementation

CONCEPT OF QC

An approach to bring Participation & TeamworkPhilosophy & Methodology-Provides opportunity to

realize & satisfy peoples needs at the work placeMotivates people to contribute towards

organisational effectiveness through group processes

It is not only applicable to manufacturing organizations but to banking, insurance, finance,…

Respect humanity & build a happy workplace worthwhile to work

Display human capabilities fully & eventually draw out infinite possibilities

OBJECTIVES OF QC

1.START-UP PHASE convincing people about the utility of change. Publicize the concept of QC in organization Make people understand the implications of QC Initial training to personnel required2.CONSTITUTION OF QC Members of QC are from same work area or doing

similar type of work & are drawn voluntarily Involves Steering Committee, Facilitator &

Coordinator Steering Committee –apex body & advisory body Facilitator –Manager of shop responsible for guiding

& directing activities Coordinator- coordinate activities on behalf of

management & make operation smooth, effective & self-sustained

DEVELOPING QC

3.INITIAL PROBLEM SOLVING

Data collection, Data Analysis, Problem solving

Data collection –past records, contacting employees & self suggestions

Data Analysis –establish basic reason for a particular problem

Problem solving –analyzing suggestions & taking final decisions through consensus

Relevant groups may be assigned activities depending on nature of suggestion

Once this process is over, QCs may be organized for entire organization

• 4.PRESENTATION AND APPROVAL OF SUGGESTIONS

Oral presentation by members,preparation of project report, or group assignments in project presentation

Presentation to management improve communication between management & workers

Fosters good working relationship among all peopleOpportunity to recognise QC members efforts

5.IMPLEMENTATION OF SUGGESTIONS

1. Absence of right type of attitude among managers & workers (Counselling about the real concept)

2. Low profile of workers (Proper training)3. Delay in implementation of suggestions

(Management should take effective step)4. Non-members of QCs pose problems

(Making them witness QC activities-presentation of solution)

5. Operational problems like members not permitted to hold meetings during office time(Adequate support from top management)

PITFALLS IN QC & REMEDIES

THANK YOU