technology in action chapter 1 cs1020 introduction to computers why computers matter to you:...
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
CS1020 Introduction to Computers
Why Computers Matter to You:
Becoming Computer Literate
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Technology
• Computer fluency
• Computers and careers
• Future technologies
• Societal challenges and computers
• Computer functions
• Data vs. information
• Computer hardware and software
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What is Computer Fluency?
• To be computer fluent you must:– Understand a computer’s capabilities and
limitations– Know how to use a computer
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Being a Savvy Computer User and Consumer
• Avoid hackers and viruses• Protect your privacy• Use the Internet wisely• Maintain your computer• Make good purchase decisions• Keep abreast of changes in technology
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Why Become Computer Literate?
• Benefits of learning about computers include:– Being a knowledgeable consumer– Using current and future technology– Increasing your career options– Understanding ethical and legal
implications
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Preparing for Your Career
• Computer careers in:– Business– The Arts– The Medical Field– Law Enforcement– Legal Fields– Education– The Sciences– Gaming– Homes
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Computers in Business, Retail, and Delivery
• Data mining
• Package tracking• Forecasting models
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Computers in the Arts
• Create Web sites
• Digitize dance movements
• Produce computer-generated art
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Computers in the Medical Field
• Patient simulator• Da Vinci Surgical System
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Computers in Law Enforcement
• Computer forensics
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Computers in the Legal Fields
• Surveillance cameras
• Forensic animation
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Computers in Education
• Computer technology in the classroom
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Computers and the Sciences
• Supercomputers
• Archaeology– Mummy of Nesperennub
Skull of Nesperennub scanned in its painted case
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Computer Gaming Careers
• Programming
• 3D animation
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Computers at Home
• Robotics
• Smart appliances
Robomower
Internet-connected refrigerator
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Technology of Tomorrow
• Nanoscience
• Biomedical Chip Implants
• Artificial Intelligence
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Nanoscience
• Molecules and nanostructures
• Nanomachines
Four-α-helix protein scaffold
5.4nm
Fluid flow inside Nanomachines
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Biomedical Chip Implants
• Technological solutions to physical problems
• Identity chips
Retinal Implants
VeriChip
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Artificial Intelligence
• Robots
• Neurons vs Microchips
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Challenges Facing a Digital Society
• Privacy risks
• Personal data collection
• Spam
• Software piracy
• Copyright infringement
• Computer use ethics
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Becoming Computer Fluent
• Data processing
• Bits and bytes
• Computer hardware
• Computer software
• Computer platforms
• Specialty computers
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Computers are Data Processing Devices
• Four major functions:– Input data– Process data– Output information– Store data and information DATA IN
INFORMATION OUT
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Bits and Bytes: The Language of Computers• Bit
– Binary digit– 0 or 1
• Byte– Eight bits– Represent letters,
numbers, and special characters
OFF
0ON
1Microchip Switch
10 0 001 1
= 40
0 0 0 0 01 1
= A0
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How Much is a Byte?NAME ABBREVIATION NUMBER OF
BYTESRELATIVE SIZE
Byte B 1 byte Can hold one character of data.
Kilobyte KB 1,024 bytes Can hold 1,024 characters or about half of a typewritten page double-spaced.
Megabyte MB 1,048,576 bytes A floppy disk holds approximately 1.4 MB of data, or approximately 768 pages of typed text.
Gigabyte GB 1,073,741,824 bytes
Approximately 786,432 pages of text. Since 500 sheets of paper is approximately 2 inches, this represents a stack of paper 262 feet high.
Terabyte TB 1,099,511,627,776 bytes
This represents a stack of typewritten pages almost 51 miles high.
Petabyte PB 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes
The stack of pages is now 52,000 miles high, or about one-fourth the distance from the Earth to the moon.
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Computer Hardware
• Input devices
• System unit
• Output devices
• Storage devices
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Th
e rain in
Sp
ain
Input Devices
• Enter data to be processed– Text– Images– Sound
A BCD
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System Unit
• Processes data into usable information
System Unit
CPU
MotherboardMemory Module
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Output Devices
• Enable us to see or hear the processed information
Monitor
Speaker
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Storage Devices
• Enable us to store data or information to be accessed again
Hard Disk Drive CD / DVD DriveFloppy Disk Drive
Flash DriveNEXT SLIDE
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Computer Software
• Programs that enable the computer to perform different tasks– System software– Application software
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Computer Platforms: PCs and Macs
PC• CPU – Intel, AMD• Operating system –
Microsoft Windows
Mac• CPU – Motorola• Operating system –
Apple Mac OS
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Specialty Computers
• PDA
• Server
• Mainframe
• Supercomputer
Server
Mainframe
Supercomputer
PDA
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