technopolis group 1 dublin, april 20th 6cp steering committee philippe larrue technopolis france 6cp...

TECHNOPOLIS GROUP 1

Dublin, April 20th 6CP Steering Committee

Philippe Larrue Technopolis France

6CP Conference on 6CP Conference on Les Grands Projets: Les Grands Projets:

still important for innovation still important for innovation

opportunities?opportunities?

QuickTime™ et undécompresseur TIFF (non compressé)

sont requis pour visionner cette image.

TECHNOPOLIS GROUP 2

ContentContent

• Technopolis Group

• The objective of the conference

• Definition and history of Grands Projets

• The key questions of the conference

• The draft programme– keynote speeches– breakout sessions– final panel discussion

TECHNOPOLIS GROUP 3

ContentContent






TECHNOPOLIS GROUP 4

Brighton

TallinStockholmAmsterdam

Paris

Brussels

Ankara

Technopolis Group: A European Network of Technopolis Group: A European Network of consultancies in the knowledge societyconsultancies in the knowledge society

Vienna

TECHNOPOLIS GROUP 5

Our mission Our mission

www.technopolis-group.comwww.technopolis-group.com

• We aim at improving and optimising the impact of research and innovation public support on the economy– through evaluation of public programmes,

organisations, measures– through research and advising to public policy

makers

• In various sectors/domains– research, innovation, education, environment,

international cooperation

• At different level of decision making – local, regional, national, international

TECHNOPOLIS GROUP 6

ContentContent






TECHNOPOLIS GROUP 7

The objective of the conferenceThe objective of the conference

• debating and exploring the effectiveness of large-scale projects aka Grands Projets as instruments to foster innovation

• learn from latest analyses and past/current experiences of Grands Projets to understand better– different types, rationales and objectives– conditions for success– best practices

• assess their relevance for coping with the current and future challenges of knowledge economies

• especially in the European context

TECHNOPOLIS GROUP 8

ContentContent






TECHNOPOLIS GROUP 9

Definition of Grands projets Definition of Grands projets

• A tentative definition– “large-scale innovation projects with a strong

impact and deep public involvement”• large scale• innovation• public involvement

• What they can be– high tech consortia– large scale R&D projects– large research infrastructures project– …?

• What they are not– public infrastructure project– research networks– clusters

TECHNOPOLIS GROUP 10

Brief history of Grands Projets Brief history of Grands Projets

• industrial revolution, WW1 (British research associations) and subsequent exemptions to anti-trust laws to foster innovation

• the French National Grands Programmes in the 1960s-70s (Concorde, civil nuclear programme, TGV,…)

• in Canada, GP for Hydropower plants, nuclear plat, jet reactor, planes, 1960s-70s

• Japanese and US high tech consortia (VLSI, Sematech, 5th Generation Programme,…) in the 1970s-1980s

• Today the Programmes Mobilisateurs pour l’Innovation Industrielle of the new French Industrial Innovation Agency

Examples of past and current Examples of past and current Grands ProjetsGrands Projets

Grand Projet Launching date

Technological breakthrough Main companies

Concorde 1962 Electric navigation system Large supersonic plane

Aérospatiale

TGV 1969 >300 km/h commercial train Alsthom, SNCF Airbus 1970 Motors, navigation system,

maintenance, cost Aérospatiale, Airbus

Civil nulear reactor 1973 Set up of a leading national nuclear industry

Areva, EDF, CEA

Minitel 1976 Telematics France Telecom

Consortiim Country Launching date Technological breakthrough

VLSI « I » Japan 1976-79 Semiconductors

VLSI « II » Japan 1980-86 Semiconductors

SELETE Japan 1996 Semiconductors

SEMATECH I United-States 1987-1992 Semiconductors

SEMATECH II United-States Since 1993 Semiconductors

I300I United-States Since 1996 Semiconductors

MCC United-States 1983- Semiconductors

FED Japan 1981-90 Semiconductors

Supercomputer Japan 1981-89 Computers

Fifth Generation Program

Japan 1982-1991 Software

Alvey UK 1983-1988 Software

Grands projets

Technological breakthrough

Leading company

BioHub Biotechnologies valorized in agrofood

Roquette Frères

HOMES Energy-efficient building

Schneider Electric

NeoVal Modular and automatic means of transport

Siemens France

Quaero Search engine Thomson TVMSL Mobile television Alcatel VHD, Hybrid vehicle PSA


ContentContent







The key questionsThe key questions2 preliminary questions2 preliminary questions

• What are the terms of the debates surrounding Grands Projets?• GP still trigger very lively debates involving

academics, policy makers, politicians… • clear pros and cons, which do not match existing

communities (political, theoretical)• A “loaded” concept (industrial policy, vertical,

interventionism, network, synergies,…)

• What are the economic rationales of Grands Projets?• internalisation of externalities due to market

imperfections such as indivisibilities, risks and knowledge spillovers

• coordination: interdependencies in the innovation process call for intermediary organisational forms between market and integration

• large-scale problems require large-scale solutions (global issues, breakthrough research, heavy costs,…)


The key questionsThe key questions3 core questions3 core questions

• Can we identify best practices for managing large-scale projects?– the fact that there is no “one best way” does

not prevent us from searching for “best practices”!

– according to adversaries GP are:– administratively heavy, bureaucratic and rigid– competition within GP impede cooperative

behaviours

• What is / should be the role of public authorities in Grands Projets?– most of the time, GP are initiated and partially

financed by public authorities– according to adversaries :

– GP increase the risk of capture of policy makers

– public authorities use GP for pursing their own interests (sometimes remote from market needs)


The key questionsThe key questions3 core questions3 core questions

• What is the effect of Grands Projets on innovation?– according to advocates

– leverage effect (more investment in R&D)– effectiveness effect (better results)– exploration effect (“sharing” of options

in a uncertain technological landscapes)– setting of infratechnologies at the scale

of a whole industry– according to adversaries

– Grands projets are a means for companies to control technical progress in a given area through coalition

– Grands Projets are more defensive than offensive (only good for catching up)

– Grands Projets is a tool for large inefficient companies !


The key questionsThe key questions1 final question1 final question

• Can Grands Projets support the building of ERA?– A long history of Grands Projets:

– large scale and lighthouse projects– Task forces (Car of Tomorrow,…)– the large instruments of FP6– Technology platforms– JTIs

– From responses to the 3 core questions can we draw lessons learned for the European context?


ContentContent







The draft programmeThe draft programmethe logicthe logic

• Interactions between generic and case-based presentations– issues are set out through KN speeches

during plenary sessions– each case presentation explore the 3 issues

during breakout sessions– the lessons learned in cases are synthetised

during plenary sessions

GenericGenericquestionsquestionsTwo caseTwo casestudies ofstudies of« « GrandsGrandsprojetsprojets »»

Panel 1Panel 1 Synthesis and Synthesis and discussion discussion

GenericGenericquestionsquestionsTwo caseTwo casestudies ofstudies of« « GrandsGrandsprojetsprojets »»

Panel 2Panel 2Synthesis and Synthesis and discussion discussion

Wrap up sessionWrap up sessionSynthesis and Synthesis and discussiondiscussion

Keynote speakers presentationsKeynote speakers presentations

The draft The draft programme -programme -keynote keynote speakersspeakers

Plenary session

Day 1 pm

Welcome address Paul Zeeuwts, IWT Introduction by facilitator, Philippe Larrue Technopolis Keynote addresses (3 to 4) Grands Projets as tools for a new industrial policy

Profile: High decision maker/analyst involved in technology/industrial policy

Suggestions : t Yuko Harayama, Council for Science and Technology Policy, Japan

t Michel Rebuffet, member of Steering Committee of the Agence de l’Innovation Industrielle and EADS, France

t Élie Cohen, Conseil d’Analyse Economique, France An update on theoretical debates and empirical evidences on research consortia effectiveness

Profile : renowned academics on research consortia Suggestions: t Mariko Sakakibara, Stanford University, USA t Odagiri Hiroyuki, NISTEP, Japan

t David C. Mowery, Haas School of Business, UC Berkeley, USA

The draft The draft programme -programme -keynote keynote speakersspeakers

Grands Projets in practice Profile : Good speaker able to provide an overview of Grands Projets

management and practices – “meta-case” Suggestions: t Philippe FAUCHER, Montreal University, Canada

t Kevin FITZGIBBONS, Executive Director of the Office of the National Science Advisor to the Canadian Prime Minister (Philippe FAUCHER and Kevin FITZGIBBONS have co-written a book on Canadian Grands Projets) t Serghei FLORICEL (UQAM Management et Technologie) His research focuses on the management of innovation and of large projects. He also participated in IMEC a international research project that analyzed 60 LEPs, among them the Boston Harbour cleanup; the first phase of subway construction in Ankara, Turkey; a hydro dam on the Caroni River in Venezuela

Grands Projets in history : the building of large infrastructure through public-private partnerships

Profile: Historian of technology Suggestions: t Harry Lintsen (Professor in History of Technology on

Innovation effects of the Deltawerken, Netherlands) t Steven Usselman on Railroad history in the 19th century t David Edgerton (Imperial College, Londres

Panel discussion: the renewal of Grand Projets: new opportunities or old-tired policy tool? Plenary ends

Plenary session

Day 1 pm

The draft programmeThe draft programmethe GP casesthe GP cases

Case name Description Possible speakers

Canada An overview of Canadian Grands Projets

One Grand Projet from the following list will be presented • Manic-Outardes and Baie-James hydroelectric “grands projets”; • The CANDU nuclear reactors; • Avi ation industry “grand projets”; • Telecommunication projects (Northern Telecom); • The impact of the Hermes Satellite

One officer from one of these projects (to be selected with Philippe FAUCHER and FITZGIBBONS authors of a book on Canadian Grands Projets)

France An example of a French “Mobilising programme for industrial innovation” : QUAERO

Date: Announced on 25th January 2006 Topic: Quaero is a French and German search engine project. Supported by the Agence de l’ innovation industrielle this project is meant to develop integrated tools for multimedia management. Composition/members: Thomson, France Telecom, Grass Valley, Nextamp, Jouve, Bertin, Exalead, LTU Technologies, Synapse, Vecsys, CNRS-LIMSI, INA, INRA, INRIA, IRCAM, IRIT, GET/ENST, UniversitéJ. Fourier/CLIP, DGA/ETCA, LNE, RWTH Aix la Chapelle, Universitéde Karlsruhe, Images et Réseaux. Other MPII

François BOURDONCLE (Exalead) or Philippe PABAN (Thomson) coordinators of the project

USA USCAR An example of research consortia (or FreedomCar initiative)

Date: Founded in 1992 Topic: USCAR’s main focus is :

• to create, support and dir ect U.S. cooperative research and development to advance automotive technologies ;

• Be responsive to the needs of the environment and society and include the appropriate public and private stakeholders.

Composition/members: DaimlerChrysler Corporation, Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation USCAR is an “umbrella” , including several consortia. The case can be at the level of the whole USCAR or at the level of one consortium For example: • The United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC) • U.S. Automotive Materials Partnership Team • FreedomCAR Partnership...

Larry Burns (vice president of GM Research & Development and Strategic Planning) or Mark Chernoby (DaimlerChrysler vice president, Advanced Vehicle Engineering) or Gerhard Schmidt (Ford vice president for Research and Advanced Engineering)

Breakout sessions

Day 2 am

The draft programmeThe draft programmethe GP casesthe GP cases

Case name Description Possible speakers Japan FCCJ A new type of Japanese organisation promoting collective action for innovation

Date: 2001 Topic: This platform organization is dedicated to the coordination of fuel cells research, demonstration and normalisation activities in interactions with public authorities. Composition/members: over 150 companies, including the leaders in the field. Several ministries, especially the METI, are involved

Officer from METI or NEDO, Or FCCJ secretariat

Germany Transrapid train

Date: Started in 1969 Topic : Transrapid is a German monorail system using magnetic levitation. At speeds below 300 km/h, less noisy than other trains, it responds to sustainable development needs. Composition/members: Transrapid International, a joint company of Siemens and ThyssenKrupp. Other relevant information: The transrapid was inaugurated in 2002 in China connecting Shanghai to its Pudong International Airport.

Manager from Siemens or Thyssen Krupp

Denmark Ministry of Science innovation consortia

Date : since 2004 Ministry of Science research consortia are a research collaboration between one or more research institutions and more than 3 private companies. They aim within the technical scientific area to strengthen the collaboration between basic and applied research, the innovation process and the dissemination of knowledge as well as the industrial exploitation of the conducted research For instance: • SCC consortia - an innovation consortia for self compacting concrete • Centre for on-line, no-contact control of industrail processes and systems • Centre for Industrialized application of mathematical models (CIAM M) • Centre for water quality sensors

Officer from Ministry for Science, Technology, and Innovation

Israel MAGNET- Generic Technological R&D

Date : since 1992 Consortia formed for promoting generic, pre-competitive technological R&D and to users associations. For instance: • Satellite Information Highway; • Software Technologies for Drug and Ki ts Design and Development; • Image Guided Therapy; • Agro-Bio Genomics Materials: Management & Control of the Fab WorkflowEnergy: • Ultra Concentrated Solar Energy • Industrial Software Tools; • Knowledge Inferring and an Association for Users of Advanced Technology in Electronics.

Peled Ilan - (Ministry of Industry & Trade, Office of the Chief Scientist, Magnet Program)

Breakout sessions

Day 2 am

Day 2 – plenary session Afternoon Feedback from parallel sessions Synthetic results on key issues from parallel sessions discussions

• Best practices for managing large-scale projects • The role of public authorities • Impact on innovation

Panel discussion Grands Projets as a tool for achieving ERA This panel gathers

Profil es: Stakeholders involved in EU “ large scale” instruments (Technology platforms, Joint Technology Initiatives, Lighthouse projects,…).

Suggestions: t European Commission Officer (DG RTD), Platform coordinators, Eranet member, …

Wrap up session Close of autumn conference

The draft programmeThe draft programmethe final panelthe final panel

Plenary sessions

Day 2 pm


Questions to the steering Questions to the steering committeecommittee

• any missing key issues to be discussed – “Grands Projets to address global problems” – “Grands Projets for large research

infrastructure” ?

• any suggestions/recommendations for other key note speakers?

• any suggestions for other Grands Projets case studies (for break-out sessions) and relevant contacts for each case

• any suggestions for relevant “European” panellists (for the last panel discussion)

technopolis group 1 dublin, april 20th 6cp steering committee philippe larrue technopolis france 6cp...

Documents

content technopolis

definition of grands

current grands projets

effect of grands projets

conference definition

key questions

international slide

cp conference