telemedicine and telecare basics
TRANSCRIPT
bibliographic study
TELEMEDICINE and TELECARE basics
Andrei Mihai Andrei Mihai CRCRĂCIUNĂCIUN
contentscontents
Telemedicine / Telehealth / TelecareDevelopment of telemedicineOverview: developed countries vs.
underdeveloped countriesPurpose, benefits and limitations of
telemedicineCase studyConclusions and further work
purpose of the study?purpose of the study?
Why can I find different definitions of telemedicine
What are the origins and development of telemedicine
How is telemedicine used in rich countries vs. poor countries
What is the future of telemedicine?
telemedicine / telehealth / telemedicine / telehealth / telecaretelecare
telemedicine: tele – .gr “far”, “at a distance”
medicine delivered at a distanceThe use of information and communication
technologies to transfer medical information for the delivery of clinical and educational services
Telemedicine Telemedicine offers you attendance offers you attendance !!??
telemedicine / telehealth / telemedicine / telehealth / telecaretelecare
telehealth: The use of information and communication
technologies to transfer healthcare information for the delivery of clinical, administrative and educational services Introduced as a field in mid 1990’sIntroduced as a field in mid 1990’s Transfer data and medical informationsTransfer data and medical informations
Learning coursesLearning courses Public medical info channelsPublic medical info channels Consultations (psychiatric i.e.)Consultations (psychiatric i.e.)
telemedicine / telehealth / telemedicine / telehealth / telecaretelecare
telecare:The use of information and communication
technologies to transfer medical information for the diagnosis and therapy of patiens in their place of domicile
For a specific group of patiens with long-term chronic conditions
Mental healthDisabilityWith reduce freedom of movement
why so many definitions?
Telemedicine: Telemedicine: use of information and communication technologies to transfer medical information for the delivery of clinical and educational services
Telehealth: Telehealth: use of information and communication technologies to transfer healthcare information for the delivery of clinical, administrative and educational services
Telcare: Telcare: use of information and communication technologies to transfer medical information for the delivery of clinical services to patiens
development of telemedicinedevelopment of telemedicine
Was not invented as a well-defined discipline with specialized instrumentation and protocols
Nowadays there are four phases of telemedicine, that are officially identified:Telegraphy and telephony (1840s-1920s)Radio (1920s, main tech until ‘50)Television/space technologies (1950s-
onwards, main tech until ‘80)Digital technologies (1990s-onwards)
overview: overview: developeddeveloped vs. vs. undeveloped undeveloped countriescountries
“Whatever the political persuasion of its government, culture or beliefs, every developed nation is facing difficulties with the delivery of healthcare to its citizens”
Increasing age of the populationIncreasing cost of medical technologyPatient expectationsEconomic and social change
overview: overview: developeddeveloped vs. vs. undeveloped undeveloped countriescountries
It’s all about money?
Specialists
Cost-benefit equation
Access
overview: developed vs. overview: developed vs. undevelopedundeveloped countriescountries
Finance, organization, culture and/or distance often does not allow authorities to provide even basic healthcare
Communicable diseases and deaths from childbirth: more than 80% of the 51 mil deaths worldwide (1993)
Life expectancy in developed world is about 78 years In underdeveloped world is about 43 years
purposepurpose, benefits and limitations , benefits and limitations ofof telemedicinetelemedicine
The purpose and categorization of telemedicine / telecare have changed as technology has developed
1. Tele-consultationSupport clinical decision making, about 35%
usage of telemedicine networks
Real-timeStore-and-forward
purposepurpose, benefits and limitations , benefits and limitations ofof telemedicinetelemedicine
2. Tele-educationClinical education from tele-consultationClinical education via the InternetAcademic study via the InternetPublic education via the Internet
Depends on who is the recipient and what is the purpose of the transmission
purposepurpose, benefits and limitations , benefits and limitations ofof telemedicinetelemedicine
3. Tele-monitoringThe use of a telecommunications link to gather
routine or repeated data on a patient’s condition
The patient may be in a hospital, at home, on an aircraft or wearing an ambulatory device
CTI – computer telephone integrated Special watches
purposepurpose, benefits and limitations , benefits and limitations ofof telemedicinetelemedicine
4. Tele-surgeryThe assistance given by specialists to surgeons
carrying out a surgical procedure at a remote location
A/V connection Tele-presence surgery
historyhistory
TelegraphyTelegraphy was used during the American Civil War to report casualty lists and continued with the radiotelegraph invented by Marconi (1897)
1920s-1930s, were introduced several radio-medical services
historyhistory
1955 Nebraska Psychiatric InstituteNorfolk State Hospital
First tele-psychiatry
1970s Alaska Satellite Biomedical Demonstration Programvillage health
Data collection, tele-education
nowadaysnowadays
nowadaysnowadays
radio streamer
satellite channel
telephone, GSM, internet
Internet barebone
medium & standardconverter(MODEM)
Ethernet to Ethernet to telemedicintelemedicin
e set-upe set-up
nowadaysnowadays
nowadaysnowadays
nowadaysnowadays
conclusions and further workconclusions and further workMoving telemedicine intro mainstream
cost effectivePolicy and strategies
unfortunatly, politicians have to delay evolution / revolution
TelecareHome telemedicine will rule
What is the role of Internet?
We have to enhance healthcare in undeveloped countries
conclusions and further workconclusions and further work
To do:Dig through archives, get newer infoSet a field of interestSeek a problem / opportunity
Start solving it
Answear the following facts:How can I make that betterHow can I create something betterWhy do we need something better?
references 1. A.C. Norris1. A.C. Norris:: Essentials of Telemedicine and Telcare,
Univ. of Auckland, New Zealand, 2005
2. 2. Isao Nakajima:Isao Nakajima: Worldwide trends in universal service funds and telemedicine, Springer Science LLC 2009
3. 3. Sodin PuSodin Pușcoci:școci: Florin Șerbănescu: Telemedicina, concepte, principii, aplicații,2004
4. Marian Stoica: 4. Marian Stoica: Telemedicina și E-sănătate, ASE București, 2002
5. Institutul Clinic Fundeni, NASA:5. Institutul Clinic Fundeni, NASA: the aerospace program: telemedicine pilot project, 2002
Thankyou for your attention. Any questions?