the 2 nd apec biofuels task force meeting, 9-10 october 2006 recent developments on biofuels for...
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The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Recent Developments on Biofuels for Transport in Korea
Jin-Suk Lee
Bioenergy Research CenterKorea Institute of Energy Research
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Presentation Agenda
• Introduction
• Biodiesel
• Bioethanol
• Future Prospects
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
INTRODUCTION
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Fuels Consumption in Korea
• General aspects on the fuels for the transport in Korea
- Gasoline consumption 1.0 x 107 ton/year
- Diesel consumption 1.4 x 107 ton/year
All crude oils are imported !
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Why Biofuels in Korea?
• Air Pollution
• High Oil Price
• Kyoto Protocol
• Rural Development
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Biodiesel
Issues :
- Demonstration Supply
- Standardization & Fleet Tests
- Fuel Delivery System
- Security for Feedstocks’ supply
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Demonstration Supply of Biodiesel
• Demonstration supply of BD20 has been started in Seoul Metropolitan and Chonbuk Province since 2002.
• The Korean Biodiesel Standards with 16 specifications have been set up in 2004.
• Fleet tests have been started to determine the suitability of the Standards under Korean local conditions.
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Site for Demonstration Supply
Map of South Korea
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Biodiesel Plant(100,000 tons/year)
Gas Stations for biodiesel
Infra for BD20 supply
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Korean Biodiesel Standards
Specification EN14214Korean Standard(2006. 4)
FAME, % 96.5 ≤ 96.5 ≤
Oxidation stability, hr 6 ≤ 6 ≤
Acid Number, Mg KOH/g
0.5 0.5
Iodine Number ≤ 120 No Spec.s
Total Glycerol, % ≤ 0.25 ≤ 0.24
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Evaluation for Biodiesel Blended Fuels
What has been done : - Emission tests every 10,000km
- Check on Fuel system
• Project period: Aug. 2004 – July 2006• Tested Fuels : BD5, BD20• Tested vehicles: Santa Fe, Sorento (Hyundai Inc), Rexton (Ssangyong Inc)
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
• Security for the supply of raw material
- Biodiesel production is getting activated in Korea - Most raw materials (over 90%) are imported
• Establishment of the infra for biodiesel implementation
- Biodiesel blending at the gas stations were not successful!
Challenging Issues
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
R&D on Winter Canola*
Sunmang Hanla
Potential area: 300,000 – 500,000 haExpected Canola oil : 450,000 – 750,000 ton/yr
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Fuel Quality Management(Effective from July 2006)
Oil Refineries(Diesel-BD100 blending)
DieselDiesel BiodieselBiodiesel(BD100)(BD100)
Biodiesel producers(BD100-Diesel blending)
Canola oil,Canola oil,Waste fatsWaste fats
Farmers (Canola oil),Renderers (Waste fats)
BD5 (Gas Stations)BD5 (Gas Stations)
BD20 (Captive Fleets)BD20 (Captive Fleets)
90,000kL Biodiesel/yr90,000kL Biodiesel/yr(Voluntary Agreement)(Voluntary Agreement)
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Diesel and Biodiesel Prices
Diesel Biodiesel
2004 2005 2006 2005
Diesel untaxed, $/L 0.31 0.51 0.51* -
Total Tax, $/L 0.34 0.41 0.51 -
Diesel fully taxed, $/L 0.65 0.92 1.02 -
Biodiesel, min, $/L 0.70
Biodiesel, max, $/L 0.80
* : based on $ 50/bbl crude oil
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Action Plan for Biodiesel
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Biogas 42 47 52 58 63
LFG 106 212 291 344 397
Biodiesel 147 184 368 460 552
Total 295 443 711 862 1,012
X 103 toe
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Bioethanol
Challenging problems on bioethanol implementation in Korea
- Quality management of bioethanol blended gas ▪ Susceptibility of the blended gas to water (Phase separation under low ethanol concentrations)
▪ Corrosion problems
- Bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass ▪ Pretreatment works on waste woods
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Quality Management Work(Bioethanol Blended Gas)
• Demonstration work to establish the distribution infra for bioethanol blended gas
started as a two year project (August 2006 – July 2008)
The key issues; • Where and how to blend bioethanol into gas• The durability of the materials taken in the current distrib
ution infra to bioethanol blended gas
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Ethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Waste Oak WoodWaste Oak Woodfrom mushroom farmsfrom mushroom farms
20 L Fuel Ethanol from 20 L Fuel Ethanol from 100kg wood100kg wood
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
FUTURE PROSPECTS
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Korean NTRM2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
BiodieselStandardization
자원확보
New BiodieselProduction Technology
AnaerobicDigestion
Biodiesel
BiomassGasification
Core Technologies for Bioethanol
Micro-organism Genomics
Conversion
CogenerationTechnology Commercialization Study
Feed Stock Supply
Management of Organic Waste
Biomass Pretreatment
Plant Science (Outsourcing)
Feedstock Production (Outsourcing)Energy Crops
Waste
Sugars
Bioethanol
The 2nd APEC Biofuels Task Force Meeting, 9-10 October 2006
Summary• Biofuels for transport are getting more important in Korea due
to high oil price and Kyoto protocol. Biofuels will take the major portion (over 60%) of the total bioe
nergy supplied by 2011.
• Utilization of the domestic biomass resources (Energy crop and the forest products) will be realized in near future.
• Korean Bioenergy Technology Road Map has been established to conduct R&D program efficiently.