The 7th Campbell ColloquiumMay 14-16, 2007 • London, UK

Knowledge Translation and Disability and

Rehabilitation Research

_______________________________________________

May 15: Parallel Session III, Paper K

John D. Westbrook, PhDJoann Starks, MS

National Center for the Dissemination of Disability Research (NCDDR)

http://www.ncddr.org/campbell

2

National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR)

and the

U.S. Department of Education

3

OSERS Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services

Assistant Secretary

Deputy Assistant Secretary

• OAS - Office of the Assistant Secretary

• NIDRRNational Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research

• OSEP - Office of Special Education Programs

• RSA - Rehabilitation Services Administration

4

NIDRR

• The mission of NIDRR is to generate new knowledge and promote its effective use to improve the abilities of people with disabilities to perform activities of their choice in the community, and also to expand society’s capacity to provide full opportunities and accommodations for its citizens with disabilities.

Individuals with

disabilities& familyMembers

Eliminate disparities between people with disabilities and the general population in:

• employment

• participation & community

• living health & function.

Major Domains of NIDRRMission

• Researchers• Clinicians• Service providers• Educators• Policy experts• Federal & non- federal partners• Industry reps &

product developers• Employers• Media• Consumer advocates• Individuals with disabilities & family members

Long-term Outcome Arenas –

Changes in Overall

Conditions

Intended Beneficiaries

Policy

Practice

Behavior

System Capacity

Intermediate Outcome Arenas

–Adoption & Use

of New Knowledge Leading to Changes/

improvements in:

Intermediate Beneficiaries

NIDRR Logic Model: Targeted Outcome ArenasSituation: Significant gaps exist in knowledge, skills, policy, and practice and system capacity that prevent peoplewith disabilities from having equal access to opportunities for employment, health and function, and participation.

Short Term Outcome Arenas – Advances in Understanding,

Knowledge, Skills, and Learning Systems via:

Contextual Factors: Variable funding; scientific and technological advancements; societal attitudes; economic conditions; changing public policies; coordination and cooperation with other government entities.

Performance Assessment & Outcomes Evaluation

Discoveries

Interventions, Products, Devices, &

Environmental Adaptations

Theories, Measures, &

Methods

R&DC-B KT

Revised Draft 3/5/05

NIDRR’s Grantees

• A network of around 350 projects throughout the country, both individual research projects and centers of excellence established at universities or providers of rehabilitation and related services.

7

Goal 3: Advance Knowledge Translation

Promote the effective use of science-based knowledge, technologies, and applications to inform disability and rehabilitation policy, improve practice, and enhance the lives of individuals with disabilities.

• Objective 3a: Promote external review of the quality of NIDRR-funded research and related activities through participation in independent scientific collaborations and registries (e.g., Campbell, Cochrane).

NIDRR’s Long-Range Plan 2005-09

8

Federal Register May 5, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 86)

NIDRR is particularly interested in ensuring that information to be disseminated is of high quality and is based on scientifically rigorous research and development.

Potential users need to be able to assess the quality of research and development findings and products, and the relevance of these findings and products to their particular needs.

9

Federal Register May 5, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 86) (continued)

We encourage potential applicants, when identifying standards and procedures for systematic review of evidence, to examine the work of such organizations as:

• the Campbell Collaboration (http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/),

• the Cochrane Collaboration (http://www.cochrane.org/), and

• the Department of Education What Works Clearinghouse (http://www.w-w-c.org/).

10

WHAT IS……

KNOWLEDGE TRANSLATION (KT)

11

KT……refers to the multi-dimensional, active process of ensuring that knowledge gained through the course of research ultimately improves the lives of people with disabilities, and furthers their participation in society.

NIDRR, LRP

12

KT……is the collaborative and systematic review, assessment, identification, aggregation, and practical application of high-quality disability and rehabilitation research by key stakeholders (eg., consumers, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers) for the purpose of improving the lives of individuals with disabilities.

NCDDR, 2006

13

• Knowledge Dissemination and Utilization• Knowledge Transfer • Knowledge to Action • Research to Practice • Knowledge Diffusion• Technology Transfer• Translational Research (Bench to Trench)

KT Related Terms

14

One KT Model (CIHR, 2005)

15

NIDRR Grantees and KT

2005 survey of 100 NIDRR grantees:

• 96% response rate• 67% reported that they were familiar with the

concept of Knowledge Translation• 26% reported familiarity with the Cochrane

Collaboration• 13% reported familiarity with the Campbell

Collaboration

16

NIDRR Grantees and KT2005 status and needs sensing survey:

• 94 respondents from sample of 100 grantees• 46% of respondents reported implementing RCTs• 14% of all studies undertaken were reported to be RCTs

Information needs identified by grantees:

• Access to Campbell and Cochrane reviews (54%) • Knowledge Translation overview and processes (47%)• Using and conducting systematic reviews (36%)

17

NIDRR Grantees and KT

2006 grantee survey on research methods:

• 285 projects in sample• 117 respondents from 139 projects (49% response rate)• 38% of respondents reported implementing RCTs• 35% of respondents reported implementing quasi-

experimental designs

18

Highlights of NCDDR Scope of WorkFocusing on services that facilitate

• Building of capacity of NIDRR researchers to negotiate the knowledge translation (KT) process

• Increasing inclusion of NIDRR-sponsored research in systematic reviews

• Improving consumers' access to and use of disability and rehabilitation research

19

• Access to The Cochrane Library for grantees • Library of Knowledge Translation Resources• Registry of Systematic Reviews• Reporting Facilitator• Webcasts• FOCUS technical briefs• Technical Assistance services• Systematic Review Training• Support for NIDRR’s annual reporting

NCDDR’s Web-based Resources and Services:

20

Conducting Systematic Reviews of Randomized and Non-randomized Studies to Inform Evidence-Based Practice and Policy

- Short-term outcomes

- Intermediate outcomes

- Follow up/further training

Knowledge Value Mapping- Short-term outcomes

- Intermediate outcomes

- Follow up/further training

Workshops for NIDRR Grantees

21

Consensus building with NIDRR grantees•Standards and Research Review Board Three task forces:

- Standards of Evidence and Methods - Systematic Review and Guidelines - Knowledge Translation and Knowledge

Value Mapping

• Knowledge Translation Planning Committee

• Communities of Practice

Anticipated Outputs/Outcomes

22

Resources Under Development

• Knowledge Translation: Introduction to Models, Strategies, and Measures (Sudsawad, in press)

• Registry of Systematic Reviews on Disability and Rehabilitation Research

Anticipated Outputs/Outcomes

23

•Campbell group

•Collaboration with Cochrane entities

• Increased NIDRR contributions to and use of systematic reviews

Anticipated Outputs/Outcomes

24

ContactJohn D. Westbrook, PhD, Director

jwestbro@sedl.org

Joann Starks, Program Associatejstarks@sedl.org

National Center for the Dissemination of Disability ResearchSouthwest Educational Development Laboratory

211 East 7th Street, Suite 200, Austin, Texas 78701-3253800-266-1832

http://www.ncddr.org/