the association for specialist fire protection - asfp midlands seminar 2014... · 09.45-10.10 an...

Understanding Passive Fire Protection

An ASFP CPD Event In Cooperation With

The British Woodworking Federation,

West Midlands Fire and Rescue Service and

The Chief Fire Officers Association

The Association for Specialist Fire Protection

Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism

Understanding Passive Fire Protection Morning Session

09.30-09.45 Introduction and Welcome Phil Loach, Chief Fire Officer, West Midlands Fire and Rescue Service 09.45-10.10 An overview of risks in buildings in relation to passive fire protection Wilf Butcher, CEO Association for Specialist Fire Protection 10.10-10.35 Structural fire protection, compartment wall penetrations and firestopping Niall Rowan, Technical Officer of the Association for Specialist Fire Protection 10.35-11.00 Refreshment Break and networking 11.00-11.25 The role of fire doors, frames and fire seals John Fletcher, Technical Consultant to the British Woodworking Federation 11.25-11.50 Means of Escape – How to avoid retro-fit mistakes Jacky Sinclair, Technical Consultant to the Guild of Architectural Ironmongers 11.50-12.15 Understanding fire resistant glass Russell Day, Technical Officer of Glass and Glazing Federation 12.15-12.30 Morning Q&A 12.30-13.10 Sandwich Lunch and networking



Introduction and Welcome

Phil Loach

Chief Fire Officer

West Midlands Fire and Rescue Service



An Overview of Risks in Buildings in Relation to Passive Fire Protection

Wilf Butcher

CEO

Association for Specialist Fire Protection



Passive Fire Protection

Understanding the Risks!

Wilf Butcher

Chief Executive Officer





How does the dictionary define Competency?

Skills or knowledge that lead to superior performance

The characteristics of a manager, that lead to the demonstration of skills and abilities, which result in effective performance within an organizational area.

Sufficiency of knowledge and skills that enable someone to act in a wide variety of situations

Capacity to testify in a court of law

Question: Who do you want to carry out your triple heart bypass?

Plastic Surgeon

Heart Surgeon

Gynaecological Surgeon

Veterinary Surgeon


How do you define the term Competency?


How does Wikipedia define Competency?

Wikipedia is quite succinct

The ability of an individual to do a job properly!

Clearly this is not!


How does Wikipedia define Competency?

Just because it may look right does not necessarily make it so!

But is this?


Which of these fire stopping examples has been installed incorrectly?

I don’t know!

Once completed and without a destructive test it may prove impossible to know for sure how the fire stop or seal was installed


Which of these fire stopping examples has been installed incorrectly?

Or this?

Just because it may look right does not necessarily make it so!

Up to 4hrs fire rating

Depth mm

Width mm

10 20 30 40 50

10 280 140 93 70 56

20 140 70 46 35 28

30 93 46 31 23 18

40 70 35 23 17 14

50 56 28 18 14 11

But only in the right context


Fire protection is not rocket science It does what it says on the tin


In reality standards in Passive Fire Protection can vary significantly


The responsibility is yours

It is your responsibility to ensure that any installation of, or repair to, passive fire protection is undertaken by those with sufficient competency



Which is why it is essential you ensure that the people or company you employ to carry out the

work can PROVE that they are competent



Would you allow an unqualified plumber to work in your building?

To become a qualified plumber you will need an industry recognised qualification at level 2 or 3. The main qualifications needed to become a qualified plumber are: • Level 2/3 Diploma Plumbing and Heating • Level 2/3 Diploma Installing and Maintaining Domestic

Heating Systems.



Would you allow an unqualified electrician to work in your building?

To qualify as an electrician, you need an industry-recognised level 3 qualification, such as: • Level 3 Diploma in Electrotechnical Services (Electrical

Maintenance) • Level 3 Diploma in Installing Electrotechnical Systems &

Equipment (Buildings, Structures and the Environment) • Level 3 Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings and

Structures) if part of an Apprenticeship.



However do not assume that competency in one discipline will automatically be reflected in another



Is there a NVQ in Passive Fire Protection?

Cskills Awards L2 NVQ Diploma in Associated Industrial Services Occupations (Construction) - Passive Fire Protection




QCF351 Applying Intumescent Coatings in the Workplace QCF357 Applying Non-reactive Spray Coatings in the Workplace QCF641 Conforming to General Health, Safety and Welfare in the Workplace QCF642 Conforming to Productive Working Practices in the Workplace QCF250B Erecting and Dismantling Access/Working Platforms in the Workplace QCF356 Erecting Fire Resisting Ceiling Systems in the Workplace QCF355 Erecting Fire Resisting Walls and Linings in the Workplace QCF354 Installing Cavity Barriers in the Workplace QCF350 Installing Dry Cladding in the Workplace QCF352 Installing Fire Resisting Ductwork Systems in the Workplace QCF358 Installing Fire Resisting Timber Doorsets in the Workplace QCF353 Installing Fire Stopping in the Workplace QCF643 Moving, Handling and Storing Resources in the Workplace



Changes to the CSCS card process

Supposedly there are some 800,000 green labourer cards in current circulation From 1st July 2014 such cards, when renewed, must be supported by a level 1 module, not just the health and safety requirement. This may result in an increase in the blue skilled CSCS card




I need to undertake a passive fire protection refurbishment programme. How do I select appropriate products and installers?


3rd Party Certification

The essential question to ask is

Is your preferred product supplier / installer part of a

third party certification scheme?



• Supporting evidence of the quality of the PRODUCT or SERVICE for Architect, Specifier, Contractor, Building Control Authority, End-user, RESPONSIBLE PERSON and any other stakeholder

• Assures the quality of the product or service INDEPENDENTLY of the supplier

• Encouraged by Authorities such as DCLG (AD-B), Scottish Government, AI, LABC, CFOA etc.

• Encouraged by all fire protection trade associations

• Creates a level playing field for installers

• Protection against claims

Quality Assurance /Third Party Certification – What is it?



Two types of Certification

Certification of Products

• Relates to products sold on the market

• For manufacturers

• Stakeholders

• Manufacturers

• Installers

• Architect/Specifier

• Enforcement authority

• Local authority

• Wider community

Certification of Installers

• Relates to services carried out by installing contractors

• For installers/contractors

• Stakeholders

• Installers

• Manufacturers

• Architect/Specifier

• Enforcement authority

• Local authority

• Wider community

For nearly two decades all ASFP Contractors have been required to gain 3rd Party Certification from a UKAS accredited Certification Body as a mandatory requirement of entry to and membership of the ASFP




Essential Principles Document

Principle 10: ‘As a minimum, all fire protection products shall be third party certified to an appropriate product or performance based standard’



Approved Document B 0.20

‘.... provide a means of ensuring that installations have been conducted by knowledgeable contractors to appropriate standards, thereby increasing reliability of the anticipated performance in fire’



Is this really that big an issue?

In 2011 LABC Building inspectors made over 800,000 interventions in relation to Part B of the Building Regulations.

Is this just the tip of the iceberg?


The Reality of Fire

2000 years ago life was simple

King Herod (74BC-4AD) introduced a law which stated that:

‘Should a man construct a building which falls down and kills another then this man should be slain ’.


So just how important are passive fire protection measures in today’s building design!

Other than fire fighters few of us have had to face the reality of fire and smoke spread!

The Reality of Fire



A London hotel 30 minutes after the fire alarms were tested!

The Reality of Fire



The Reality of Fire


The answer of course is quite clear, it’s essential!

The Reality of Fire


The Reality of Fire

Common Conceptions…….

• Wood Burns

• Structural steel does not collapse in a fire

• Concrete is fireproof

• Holes are a general maintenance issue

• There is always time!

………Or are they Misconceptions


Fire damaged buildings can always be rebuilt

Their priceless content however will be lost forever

Statistically upwards of 40% of businesses will be out of business within 12-18 months following a major fire

The Reality of Fire

Building Regulations


Four Key Issues Issue One

Within the Building Regulations there is an expectation that the duties of Building Regulation 38 (previously known as Regulation 16b) will be reliably carried out and the building user/owner will be fully informed of the fire protection provisions in the building he now occupies

‘Regulation 38 requires that, where building work involves the erection or extension of a relevant building, fire safety information shall be given to the responsible person at the completion of the project or when the building or extension is first occupied’

Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005


Four Key Issues Issue Two

Construction Products Regulation


Four Key Issues Issue Three

The Construction Products Regulation (305/2011/EC - CPR) replaces the Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC - CPD) and lays down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products.

Came into force in April 2011

Where appropriate, mandatory from 1st July 2013

Construction Products Regulation


Four Key Issues Issue Three

• CPR applicable in all Member

States

• CPR came into force on 1 July

2013 CE marking mandatory if

product is covered by a European

Product Standard (hEN)

• CE marking voluntary if product

covered by a European

Assessment Document (EAD )

• ASFP is publishing a (mercifully short) guide to CE marking on the website

• Status of CE marking for all products we are interested in

Products CE Marking basis (29 April 2013) Comments

ETAG hEN

Reactive Coatings for Fire Protection of Steel Elements

Voluntary under ETAG 18-2

EN being prepared by CEN TC 138 WG 13

CEPE has prepared a draft mandate for the EU Commission to discuss in June 2013. This might lead to a hEN and mandatory CE marking, but not for at least 1 year and probably 2.

Renderings and Rendering Kits intended for Fire Resisting Applications


To be prepared in CEN – see comment

EAPFP has prepared a draft mandate for the EU Commission to discuss in June 2013. This might lead to a hEN and mandatory CE marking, but not for at least 1 year and probably 2.

Fire protective board, slab and mat products and kits




Fire Stopping and Fire Sealing Products Part 2: Penetration Seals




Fire Stopping and Fire Sealing Products Part 3 : Linear Joint and Gap Seals




Reactive and Mechanical Air Transfer Grilles, (Fire resistant and Cold Smoke Control Fire Resistant Types




Cavity Barriers Voluntary under ETAG 026-5



Fire resisting ducts Voluntary under ETAG 026-5

prEN 15871 not yet agreed

The hEN reached an advance stage, but has just failed to be agreed as a standard. Consequently, CE marking is still voluntary under ETAG 018-4. Once the hEN is published then it will be mandatory

Fire resisting dampers N/A Mandatory from 1 July 2013 under EN 15650

CE marking is mandatory from 1 July. However, there are some deficiencies in the associated (EXAP) standards which mean that not all products or installations will have been covered. Technically, one can only sell what has been tested and classified and so there will be some difficulties.

Fire doors N/A Voluntary CE marking will only be applicable for doorsets i.e.

‘Ad-hoc’ tests – May not always be appropriate!

Unless the condition on site is equal to or less onerous than the situation to which the ad-hoc test was based then the test evidence has no validity.

If in any doubt seek advice from the test/certification authority that undertook the test


Four Key Issues Issue Four

‘Ad-hoc’ tests – May not always be appropriate!


Four Key Issues Issue Four

It is important to recognise that performance results awarded are a function of the system under test AND the substrate to which it is applied, surrounds or fits between.



Why it is dangerous to assume contractors have the right expertise or competencies!

Wilf Butcher

Chief Executive Officer


Kingsley House Ganders Business Park Kingsley Bordon Hampshire GU35 9LU

ASFP Office Tel: +44 (0)1420 471612 Home Office: +44(0)1252 641787

Fax: +44 (0)1420 471611 Mobile: 07914 354788

E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.asfp.org.uk


This PowerPoint presentation is the copyright of the Association for Specialist Fire Protection


mailto:[email protected]

http://www.asfp.org.uk/

Structural fire protection, Compartment Wall Penetrations and Firestopping

Niall Rowan

Technical Officer




FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day


Structural fire protection, compartment

Wall/floor penetrations and firestopping

Niall Rowan

Technical Officer




Contents - 1 • Structural Fire Protection

• What is it for? How does it work?

• How is it inspected? (and how much?)

• Where do I find more information?

• Good and bad examples

• Penetrations through walls/floors

• What are they? How do they work?

• How do I inspect it? (and how much?)



• ASFP Guide to Passive Fire Protection for FRAs

• What a fire risk assessor needs to do

• Summary



Contents - 2 • Structural Fire Protection

• What is it for? How does it work?

• How do I inspect it? (and how much?)



• Penetrations through walls/floors

• What are they? How do they work?

• How is it inspected (and how much?)



• ASFP Guide to Passive Fire Protection for FRAs

• What a fire risk assessor needs to do

• Summary



PFP – what is it? a. Structural frame (intumescent) b. Structural frame (other sprays) c. Structural frame (boards) d. Fire/smoke control ductwork e. Fire stopping – penetration seals f. Fire/smoke control dampers g. Fire doors and shutters h. Fire resisting partitions i. Fire resisting glazing (roof) j. Fire resisting glazing (screens) k. Fire resisting building hardware l. Smoke control doors m. Fire resisting glazed doors n. Fire resisting glass doors

www.pfpf.org.uk

http://www.pfpf.org.uk/



PFP – what is it?

a. Structural frame (intumescent)

b. Structural frame (other sprays)

c. Structural frame (boards)

d. Fire/smoke control ductwork e. Fire stopping – penetration

seals f. Fire/smoke control dampers



PFP Works - 1



PFP Works - 2



PFP Works - 3



PFP Works - 4



PFP works – 5 – Warehouse near Lutterworth



PFP Works – 6

A function room in a

hotel - if installed

correctly the fire

doorsets will

perform as intended



Structural Fire Protection

To maintain the stability of the structure during the period of the fire and ensure that it does not collapse



Structural steel loses about half its strength at about 500OC.



Non-reactive coatings

• Spray or troweled on

• Thick

• Inert

• Usually hidden



Non-reactive board/casings

• Mechanically fixed

• Thick (10-50mm)

• Usually hidden



Reactive coatings

• Spray or brushed

• Thin (1-4mm)



• ASFP website www.asfp.org.uk

• ASFP Yellow book

• Guidance on: – Structural fire engineering

– How fire protection works

– Testing & assessment

– Product listings with thickness tables

– 3rd party product certification.

YELLOW BOOK

Fire protection for structural steel in buildings

4th Edition 5th Edition

The Association for Specialist fire protection

Where can I find more information?




ASFP Technical Guidance Documents

relating to steelwork (current)

• TGD 2 Sprayed mineral wool (structural steel)

• TGD 8 Junctions between diff types of protection

• TGD 9 Beams with web openings (cellular beams)

• TGD 11 On site sprayed intumescent coatings

• TGD 14 Board systems

• TGD 15 Non - reactive sprayed coatings

• TGD 16 Off site sprayed intumescent coatings



How does a fire risk assessor inspect it?

• Only carry out checks while inspecting compartmentation and fire resisting construction serving escape routes:

– Where protection is visible. Usually intumescent paint, look for lack of adhesion, corrosion, slumping, etc.

– In concealed spaces e.g. board or spray protection. Look for damaged and missing fire protection as part of fire stopping checks (dealt with later)

• If all is well – record it. Basically look for damage.

• If not – the Responsible person needs to get a proper survey carried out and repairs made.

• Need to know enough to know something is wrong.



Good examples of Fire Protection to Steelwork



Getting it Wrong!



Corrosion and lack of adhesion Wet conditions



Spray protection fallen from the flange of a steel beam



Structural Fire Protection

To maintain the stability of the structure during the period of the fire and ensure that it does not collapse



Compartmentation

• Prevent spread of fire and smoke

• Subdivide buildings into manageable areas of risk

• Provide adequate Means of Escape



There is a need to maintain the structures integrity to ensure that no gaps of sufficient width open up to allow penetration of hot gases and flames.

Wall

Penetration Seal

failure

Penetration



Maintaining compartmentation

“ 10.2 If a fire separating element is to be effective, every joint or imperfection of fit, or opening to allow services to pass through the element, should be adequately protected by sealing or fire stopping so that the fire resistance of the element is not impaired.”



Where can I find more information?

RED BOOK

Fire stopping & penetration seals for the construction industry 3rd Edition

The Association for Specialist fire protection

• ASFP website www.asfp.org.uk

• ASFP Red book

• Guidance on: – How fire stopping works

– Testing & assessment

– Product listings with field of application

– 3rd party product certification.




TGD 17

Technical Guidance Document 17: Code of practice for the installation and inspection of fire stopping systems in buildings



How does a fire risk assessor inspect it? – 1

• Impossible/impractical/unnecessary to do it all

• But an audit should be carried out on:

– All compartment walls/floors

– Fire resisting walls and floors serving escape routes identifiable by:

• Using information supplied under Regulation 38 or CDM Regulations (more on this later)

• Survey by risk assessor (more on this later)

– Ends of corridors and adjacent to escape corridor walls



How does a fire risk assessor inspect it? – 2

• Remove e.g. 1 or 2 suspended ceiling tiles adjacent to compartment walls and along each side of the escape corridors and inspect any penetrations seals

• Use of remote camera/video equipment facilitates this

• Check Structural Fire Protection at the same time

• If all is well – record it.

• If not – Need to get the Responsible person to get a proper survey carried out and repairs made.

• Need to know enough to know something is wrong



Good examples of Penetration Seals



A typical

penetration

sealing

system in a

block wall



A wall

mounted

collar

around a

pipe

passing

through a

masonry

wall



A

compound

seal

through a

concrete

floor



Getting it wrong



An intumescent pipe

collar installed on top

of a ceiling in a

sheltered housing

building in Ireland



Intumescent

pipe wrap

installed

around a

plastic pipe in

East London



The instructions…



Cavity Barriers



A fabric

cavity

barrier

system

above a

ceiling grid



Cavity barrier systems

for masonry walls



How does a fire risk assessor

inspect cavity barriers?

• All large cavity barriers e.g. those in roof spaces

• All under floor voids serving escape routes should be checked

• All small cavity barriers where visible when checks are being made for other areas of PFP e.g. penetration seals at compartment walls /floors or on escape routes.



Getting it wrong



Inadequate

protection

around

lagged

pipes

passing

through a

fabric cavity

barrier in a

Manchester

hospital



Air handling equipment



Fire rated ductwork systems



A fire

damper

cast into

a

concrete

wall



How does a fire risk assessor inspect penetrations

associated with air handling equipment?

• All compartment walls and penetrations through them by ducts/dampers – identifiable by:

– Information supplied under Regulation 38 or CDM Regs

– Survey undertaken by fire risk assessor

• Ends of corridors and adjacent to escape corridor walls



TGD 18

Technical Guidance Document 18: Code of practice for the installation and inspection of fire resisting duct systems



Getting it wrong



A plastic

extract

system in

residential

flats in NW

London



A specific product for use with plastic extract ducts

Plastic

duct



A damper in

a lightweight

partition

sealed with

expanded

polyurethane

foam



ASFP has published a guide on what to look for when undertaking a Fire Risk Assessment of the Passive Fire Protection



• Introduces role of Fire Risk Assessor/ Assessment

• Need to evaluate PFP associated with Means of escape

• NOT a full survey of compliance with statutory documents (ADs)

• ½ to 3 pages on each type of PFP

• Pictures of what to look for (good & bad)

• Annexes with further reading & links to third party organisations

• The all important Check List for each type of construction



What an assessor needs to do - 1

• DETERMINE BUILDING LAYOUT

• Modern Buildings • 2007 onwards – Regulation 38 of Building Regulations applies

(Approved Document Appendix G) – RP should have this

• 1994 to 1997 all information should be held under the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations – RP again

• If the building can be checked against the CDM file/Reg 38 info and all is well – that is enough

• Approved Document B (and national equivalents) provide statutory guidance for all PFP

• Be aware that BS 9999, 9991, 7974 could have been used.



What an assessor needs to do - 2 • Older Buildings

• Information required probably not be readily available

• Need to survey the premises (compartmentation audit)

• Need to decide what level of PFP is appropriate

• HMO? Hotel? Offices? Block of flats?

• Approved Document B (and national equivalents)

• Other relevant guidance documents • BS 9999, BS 9991 (flats), BS 7974

• Fire safety in purpose-built blocks of flats

• DCLG Risk Assessment Guides for different building types

• Department of education BB 100 Design for fire safety in schools

• HTM 05 – 01, 05 – 02A, , 05 – 02B, 05 – 03,



Summary

• Looked at Structural fire protection and penetration seals for services and air handling equipment

• What they are, what they do and how they work

• Examples of good and bad practice

• How to assess them within the context of a Fire Risk Assessment

• Need to get information on building and where to get it

• Regulation 38 or CDM Regulation information (new build)

• From assessors’s compartmentation audit of what is needed for primary means of escape (older buildings)

• Need to get professional surveyors in if problems found

• Get more information from ASFP website



PFP – You only need to use it once…



The Malt House Grand Canal Quay Dublin 2

ASFP Office Tel: +353 (0) 1 6791324

Website: http://www.asfpireland.ie/

Kingsley House, Ganders Business Park,

Kingsley, Bordon, Hampshire GU35 9LU

ASFP Office Tel: +44 (0)1420 471612

ASFP Office Fax: +44 (0)1420 471611

Website: www.asfp.org.uk

Niall Rowan - Technical Officer


[email protected]

This PowerPoint presentation is the copyright of the Association for Specialist Fire Protection

http://www.asfpireland.ie/


mailto:[email protected]

Refreshment Break

