the car self-ventilation system · 2018. 10. 5. · draft 2 feasibility report the car...
TRANSCRIPT
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Draft 2
FEASIBILITY REPORT
THE CAR SELF-VENTILATION SYSTEM
Prepared by:
Hasan Al Mashajer (100020264)
Omran Ahmed Al Haddad (100032749)
Khalifa University
Mechanical Engineering
Date:
July 21, 2011
Prepared for:
Ms. Sabina Ostrowska
English 220
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CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES......................................................................................................................................... 3
ABSTRACT......................................................................................................................................................... 4
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................... 5
PURPOSE ........................................................................................................................................................ 5
SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................................. 5
BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................. 5
PROCEDURE ................................................................................................................................................. 5
DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM ..................................................................................... 6
SOLUTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
TECHNICAL DETAILS ................................................................................................................................ 7
COST ............................................................................................................................................................. 10
LIMITATIONS ............................................................................................................................................. 10
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS ............................................................................ 11
CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................................. 11
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................. 12
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: How would convert solar energy to electrical energy? .................................................................... 7
Figure 2: Solar (PV) Cell ....................................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 3: Body Electrical ...................................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 4: Digital Thermostat ............................................................................................................................... 9
Figure 5 Body Electrical ....................................................................................................................................... 9
Figure 6 Solar Powered Blue Car Hitting the Streets in 2010 ........................................................................... 9
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ABSTRACT
The purpose of the feasibility report is to study and solve the problem of increasing the
temperature and the heat inside cars while they are parked for long time under the hot sun rays.
This problem has many affects negatives in our life some of them are long-term effects. These
problems or negatives are varying between health problems, safety issues and financial losses.
The solution of this problem is done by implementing a self-ventilation and cooling system
inside the car. The system will consist of deferent devices like thermostat which will measure the
temperature inside the car using some temperature sensor, and then it will compare data with the
temperature that the user want then it will control it by switching on the car AC to reach the
desired temperature. The system will depend on a solar system to provide it by power. In
addition, this report contains the predicted cost of the system which is calculated depend on the
available prices in these days. This report contains the problems or limitations that face the
project and what are the suggested developments. Although the project is complicated and need a
lot of efforts, it is still feasible and there is a possibility to implement it.
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INTRODUCTION
PURPOSE
The purpose of this report is to get rid of the temperature inside a closed and switched off car.
The main benefit of the cooling system is to keep the air inside the car cold even if the car is
switched off during a hot weather.
SCOPE
This report details the problems caused by the hot weather and its bad effects on people and their
cars when the car has been switched off for a moment during hot weather. In this report, we will
introduce the problem and its effects. Also, we will discuss the solution that will solve this
problem in detail.
BACKGROUND
As it is known that the Arabian Gulf region is characterized by hot weather. Most people who
have cars are suffering a lot when they enter the vehicles from the heat of the air inside the car
after it has been under the sun rays for long time. Therefore, in this innovation, we thought
about a system that can solve this problem, especially for car owners in hot climates.
PROCEDURE
We started making some researches and interview with one of Khalifa University faculty
members. We met Eng. Omar Al Riyahi an electronic engineer in Khalifa University. We
discussed with him about the possibility of implementing this project and asked him some
technical questions about the innovation such as how we could control the temperature inside the
car. Some information was collected from the web about how the car AC works and how the
solar system could provide the ventilation system with power.
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DISCUSSION
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM
The high temperature causes a lot of damages and bad effects on the health and human life. The
main problem is the heat of the air inside a closed and switched off car. This heat could cause a
lot of problems and damages for people and for the car itself. Therefore, when a person enters his
or her car which has been switched off for long time under the rays of the sun, he or she will be
affected significantly from this high temperature from several aspects. One of these aspects is
that this high temperature and hot air that the person is exposed to them will affect in his or her
mood negatively and make him or her nervous and tense person. Moreover, the high temperature
inside the car makes the leather and plastic interior parts of the car to release harmful and toxic
gases which they are called dioxins [1]. These bad emissions affect on the health of the driver,
and it is possible that it may lead to a difficulty in his or her breathing.
Furthermore, one of the most dangerous problems which may happen is that sometimes parents
may leave their children unattended for a few minutes inside a switched off and closed car for
shopping, or maybe they just forget them inside the car without leaving any window opened.
With the passage of the time, this will lead in rising the temperature and reducing the oxygen
significantly inside the car. Finally, the children may suffocate and die as a result of
hyperthermia or heat stroke. According to Null [2], the total number of children who died in U.S.
inside a closed and hot car since 1998 till now is 512 deaths.
In addition to the health problems and accident risks that I mentioned before, there are financial
problems that are related to the car itself. For example, the hot air and high pressure inside the
car could make damages in some of the internal parts of the car. For Example, sometimes the
color of the seats and fabrics will disappear or change from the heat inside the car. Furthermore,
if you leave food inside the car for a few minutes, it will deteriorate quickly as a result of the
high temperature and pressure.
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SOLUTION
The best solution to get rid of heat and pressure inside the car can be done by implementing a
self-ventilation system in the car. This system has its own power source which is solar energy
therefore that could work while the car is on switch off status. Moreover, it will work separately
from the other car systems. The functions of the system are varying between measuring the
temperature inside the car and controlling it to reach the required degree specified by the user
who should save it before leaving the car. The system contains a device that measures the
temperature inside the car, and if it is more than the user specified, the system will start to cool
the car and keep the degree the user saved.
This system will provide great services for the society. One of the benefits is that you could leave
your personal stuff inside the car without the fear of getting them break down or deteriorate by
heat. In addition, you will stop worrying about leaving your children in the car while you do a
quick shopping because the car will be switched off and it will be cool and draughty. Moreover,
this system will be useful for people who are waiting in the cars for a long time such as drivers.
They will be able to wait in the car while it’s switched off since it’s known that leaving the car
switched on for a long time in the hot weather could make it to break down. Finally, the
ventilation system can be considered as an environmentally friendly system, it will reduce the
CO2 emission while the car is stop, whereas the driver
will not need to keep the car switched on while he or
she waiting for someone.
TECHNICAL DETAILS
The ventilation system is a dependent system which
means that it will work separately from the other car
systems and it will has separate power source. The
system will consist of four main parts: solar system,
motor, digital thermostat & temperature sensor and the
car air conditioner.
1- Solar System:
The solar system will be the power supplier for the Figure 1: How would convert solar energy to electrical energy?
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ventilation system. The process of generating electricity by this system pass through many steps
as it’s shown in Figure 1. The process of generating electricity starts by the reactions that occur
in the solar panels when the sun rays strike them. These panels consist of cells that are made of
semiconductor material whereas it reacts when the sun rays reach it and these reactions generate
charges [3].
After the charges are generated there is a device called a
charge controller which starts to control the flow of the charges
to the battery. The battery is the container of the charges and
the current distributer. The current could be used directly from
the battery as a direct current or could be passed through a
device called an inverter to transfer it to alternate current. To
increase the efficiency of the solar system, the user can link
group of solar panels together to get a system called solar array and
the organization of the solar panel is shown in Figure2.
2- Motor:
The motor in this system is operated electrically. Its function is to operate the air conditioner.
This motor will be connected to the AC compressor. Connecting the
compressor with the motor will separate AC from the car engine. This
type of compressor is called electric compressor (Figure 3) and it’s
available in some cars such as Toyota Prius [4].
3- Digital Thermostat & temperature sensor:
A thermostat is a climate controller device that is linked with air conditioners and heaters so that
it maintains any system temperature as the user desired. Thermostat contains temperature sensors
which monitor the system temperature. If the temperature is different than what the user wants
then the thermostat starts controlling it by ordering the system to raise it or lower it depends on
what the user want. The best type of the thermostats is the digital and is shown in Figure 3[5].
Figure 2: Solar (PV) Cell
Figure 3: Body Electrical
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4- Car Air Conditioner:
How does the system work?
The process starts from leaving and switching off the car. If the
user wants to activate the cooling and ventilation system he
should first set up the temperature he wants by using thermostat
which will be installed in the car dashboard. Before installing the thermostat in the car it should
be programmed with the car AC to each one fit with the other. The thermostat sensors will
monitor the temperature inside the car instantaneously. If the temperature becomes more than the
value that the user inserted, the ventilation system will switch on automatically. The system will
use the electricity generated by the solar system which its panel will be mounted on the car roof
see Figure 5. The charge controller and the battery are placed in the car trunk where there is a
safety box will be designed for them. This position will be temporary for the battery and the
charge controller until we find another place for them. The battery is linked by wires with the
inverter that is linked with the AC system. The electricity will operate the motor or the electric
compressor and the AC fan. The motor will do the function that the engine does for the air
conditioner. It will rotate the AC compressor to begin the cooling and ventilation process. The
electric compressor as shown in Figure 6 will be placed in the car front trunk. The system will
control the temperature until it reaches the saved value, in addition the system will keep this
value fixed until the user back.
Figure 4: Digital Thermostat
Figure 5: Solar Powered Blue Car Hitting the Streets in 2010 Figure 6: Body Electrical
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COST
The system cost will be as it shown in the table below. These prices are not precise but they are
depending in our researches the most commonly used. The total cost could change depend on the
user, because if want to use motor and connect it to the regular compressor that will not cost him
or her lot. In the other hand, the user can replace the regular compressor with the electric
compressor which is more efficient but more expensive.
COMPONENT COST
Solar panel system $499.95
Electric motor $32.28
Temperature sensor $17.07
Thermostat $61.50
Total Cost $610.8
LIMITATIONS
In the self-ventilation system there are some limitations or problems such as:
a. The power produced by the solar system will be limited so that, the air conditioner will
not work with its maximum power. It means that the range of the temperature that the
user specified while the car is switched off will be more limited than the car in switch on
status.
b. The period that the system will be run on is short. This also happens because of the solar
system which its power will decrease by the time. The time that the system will be
running in will be limited.
c. Improper places for some parts of the system such as battery and charge controller.
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SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS
CONCLUSION
Car-self ventilation system is very useful especially in our region that is characterized by hot
weather. This system will help many people to get rid of the daily suffering faced when they are
entering their cars after it has been switched off and closed for hours under the rays of the sun.
As I mentioned before, there were a number of deaths especially in children that have been died
because of this problem. As a result, this system will contribute significantly to protect our
children’s lives. All in all, adoption the idea of car-self ventilation system and apply it will help
in serving our society from different several aspects. Hence, I recommend introducing this
system as it has a lot of benefits for the public and for the car itself. This project has a very big
chance to be implemented, according to Mr. Omar this project needs some efforts to be achieved
but in the same time it’s not impossible. In addition, this idea has the approval of a group of
Khalifa University students and Dr. Shakti Singh an assistant professor in the Electronic
Engineering department in Khalifa University, who nominate it to be one of the projects that we
would work on it in the next year.
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REFERENCES
[1] Mabel. R. Burning Plastic.2000. [Online]. Available:
http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/chem00/chem00031.htm
[2] J. Null. Hyperthermia Deaths of Children in Vehicles. 2011. [Online]. Available:
http://ggweather.com/heat/
[3] Guangzhou Kunyang New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Solar (PV) Cell, 2010. [Online].
Available:
http://koyosolarpower.en.made-in-china.com/custom-
detail/xJQxmEnAMEhQxmQExQndGJUQ/Solar-Cell-Module-Array.html
[4] S. Omi, Y. Suga and M. Kurokawa. Electric Compressor for New Prius. October 23, 2003.
[Online]. Available:
http://www.denso.co.jp/motorshow/2003/en/presskit/product_electric/index.html
[5] R. Anacan. What Is a Programmable Digital Thermostat?. June 21, 2011. [Online].
Available:
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-programmable-digital-thermostat.htm
The figures need citation.