Contributions of Scientists to Chemistry

26 August 1743 – 8 May 1794 Father of Modern Chemistry Stated the first version of Law of

Conservation of Mass Demonstrated the role of Oxygen in

rusting of metals Role of oxygen in animal and plant

respiration Recognized and named the gases

Oxygen and Hydrogen

Wrote the first extensive list of elements Pioneered Stoichiometry “Quantitative

Chemistry” Determined the components of water Determined the primary gases of air

which is primarily Nitrogen and Oxygen Explained the true nature of combustion.

Disproving the “Phlogiston Theory” Helped construct the metric system

6 September 1766 – 27 July 1844 was an English chemist, meteorologist and physicist

Dalton proceeded to print his first published table of relative atomic weights

Six elements appear in this table, namely hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus, with the atom of hydrogen conventionally assumed to weigh 1

He is best known for his pioneering work in the development of modern atomic theory

Author of Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure

states that the total pressure exerted by a gaseous mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual component in a gas mixture

23 November 1887 to 10 August 1915 Was an English physicist. Observed and measured the X-

ray spectra of various chemical elements (mostly metals) that were found by the method of diffraction through crystals.

sorted the chemical elements of the Periodic Table of the Elements in a quite logical order based on their physics.

30 August 1871–19 October 1937 was a British-New

Zealand chemist and physicist who became known as the father of nuclear physics

He discovered the concept of radioactive half life, proved that radioactivity involved the transmutation of one chemical element to another

Differentiated and named alpha and beta radiation.

Postulated that atoms have their positive charge concentrated in a very small nucleus

Pioneered the Rutherford model, or planetary, model of the atom through his discovery and interpretation of Rutherford scattering in his gold foil experiment.

8 February 1834 – 2 February 1907 Was a Russian chemist and inventor.  He is credited as being the creator of

the first version of the periodic table of elements.

He predicted the properties of elements yet to be discovered.

The Dependence between the Properties of the Atomic Weights of the Elements

Described elements according to both atomic weight and valence.

August 19, 1830 - April 11, 1895 Was a German chemist. He was contemporary and competitor

of Dmitri Mendeleev to draw up the first periodic table of chemical elements.

That if they are arranged in the order of their atomic weights they fall into groups in which similar chemical and physical properties are repeated at periodic intervals

27 March 1845 – 10 February 1923was a German physiciston 8 November 1895, He was able

produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range today known as x-rays or Roentgen rays.

An achievement that earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901