the conversion of agricultural land in the peri‐ urban areas of hanoi
TRANSCRIPT
The conversion of agricultural land in the peri‐urban areas of Hanoi (Vietnam): patterns in
space and time
Pham Van Cu, Pham Thi Thanh Hien,
Pham Ngoc Hai, Tong Thi Huyen Ai,
Le Thi Minh PhuongEmail: [email protected]
International LCLUC Regional Science Team Meeting in South and Southeast AsiaYangon, Burma 12‐18/01/2016
Context
Annual rate of urbanization: in Asia 1.24% , in Vietnam 6%(0.30% in Europe and North America)
The government of Vietnam has planned to convert 450 000ha of agricultural land to urban land by 2025
In 2011, the Vietnam National Assembly has decided toprotect and maintain 26.5 million ha of agricultural land... But
What is happening in reality?
Year Population Yearly %
Change
Yearly
Change
Density
(P/Km²)
Urban
Pop %
Urban
Population
2015 93,386,630 0.96% 867,847 282 34% 31,383,511
2014 92,547,959 0.95% 868,226 279 33% 30,482,811
2010 89,047,397 0.95% 819,909 268 30% 27,064,175
2005 84,947,852 0.98% 811,995 256 27% 23,174,624
2000 80,887,879 1.25% 973,567 244 24% 19,715,612
the loss of arable land
Impacts of the loss of arable land: loss of biodiversity, reduction of environmental quality and resilience, eventually destabilizing livelihoods of peri‐urban farmers and foodprovision to the city.
Research questions
Loss of arable land in Hanoi in 1993, 2000 and 2007:
1) How much of a time lag is there for the impact of urbanization on the reduction of arable land?
2) What is the link between urbanization (i.e. urban expansion and urban development policy) and the reduction of arable land?
3) How to measure impacts of infrastructures network on urban growth the reduction of arable land?
4) And What is newly found in this research?
Study area
34
26
11.7
7.6
1.1
Winter rice
Spring rice
Maize
Vegetable
Flower
Crop types
Monitoring arable land
Landsat satellite images :
27 December 1993
4 November 2000
8 May 2007
Role of Transport Infrastructure Network
Role of Transport Infrastructure Network
Administrative Status Changes
STT DistrictAdministrative Status Changes
Urban-Urban Rural-Urban Rural – Rural
1 Ba Đình x
2 Hoàn Kiếm x
3 Đống Đa x
4 Hai Bà Trưng x
5 Cầu GIấy X
6 Tây Hồ X
7 Thanh Xuân X
8 Hoàng Mai X
9 Long Biên X
10 Từ Liêm X
11 Thanh Trì X
12 Gia Lâm X
13 Đông Anh X
Choose of suitable metrics1993 (IJI)
2012(IJI)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Ba Đình Đống Đa Hai Bà Trưng Hoàn Kiếm
Phân mảnh đất đô thị (ED)
1993
2000
2007
2012
Impact of Administrative Boundaries Changes(Phường Phường)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Ba Đình Đống Đa Hai Bà Trưng Hoàn Kiếm
Mức độ liền kề các mảnh đô thị (IJI)
1993
2000
2007
2012
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Ba Đình Đống Đa Hai Bà Trưng Hoàn Kiếm
Số lượng mảnh đô thị (NP)
1993
2000
2007
2012
0500
100015002000250030003500
ThanhXuân
Tây Hồ LongBiên
Cầu Giấy
HoàngMai
Diện tích đất đô thị (CA)
1993200020072012
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ThanhXuân
Tây Hồ LongBiên
Cầu Giấy
HoàngMai
Số lượng mảnh đô thị (NP)
1993200020072012
Impact of Administrative Boundaries Changes(xã- phường)
010203040506070
ThanhXuân
Tây Hồ LongBiên
Cầu Giấy
HoàngMai
Phân mảnh đất đô thị (ED)
1993200020072012
020406080
100120
ThanhXuân
Tây Hồ LongBiên
Cầu Giấy
HoàngMai
Mức độ liền kề các mảnh đô thị (IJI)
1993
2000
2007
2012
0500100015002000250030003500400045005000
Từ Liêm Thanh Trì Đông Anh Gia Lâm
Diện tích đất đô thị (CA)
1993
2000
2007
2012
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Từ Liêm Thanh Trì Đông Anh Gia Lâm
Mức độ liền kề các mảnh đôthị (IJI)
1993
2000
2007
2012
Impact of Administrative Boundaries Change (xã- xã)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Từ Liêm Thanh Trì Đông Anh Gia Lâm
Số lượng mảnh đô thị (NP)
1993
2000
2007
2012
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Từ Liêm Thanh Trì Đông Anh Gia Lâm
Mức độ lan tỏa đất đô thị (LPI)
1993
2000
2007
2012
0
100
200
300
1993 2000 2007 2012
số lượng mảnh đô thị
010203040506070
1993 2000 2007 2012
Chỉ số LPI, ED, IJI
LPI
ED
IJI
Infrastructure and High Way Network Impacts
Impacts of Distance of 1Km from Center to Urban Growth
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1993 2000 2007 2012
Thay đổi các chỉ số KG (1km)
NP
PD
Remark:- There is no more space for expension of urban patch inside Hanoi
0102030405060708090
100
1993 2000 2007 2012
LPI
IJI
Remark:- Rapid urban growth, number of urban patch decreased.- Patch density and adjacent distance reached high value soon filing up
the space
Impacts of Distance of 1-3km from Center to Urban Growth
01020304050607080
1993 2000 2007 2012
NP
Remark:- Urban land continue to increase - Adjacent proximity is increased and intensifying
fragmentation of arable land
Impacts of Distance of 3-8km from Center to Urban Growth
1KM1‐3KM3‐8KM
CONCLUSION Infrastructue Network conditioned the change pattern of Agricultural land conversion into urban land
The change of administration status from rural to urban has accelerated the urban growth in different periods generating different patterns of metric change
The fragmentation of arable land is increasingly magnifiedthreatening the green belt of Hanoi and decreasing theFood providing capacity of peri urban area
Pham Van Cu et Al. 2014
CONCLUSION (Cont)
The tendency Expension ‐> Linear ‐> Infill is unavoidable and need the control of the Government
Further work on Impacts of arable land loss caused by urbanization in the Red River Delta
• Intensification and diversification of land use practice?• Livelihood diversification?• Environmental Issues (Air pollution caused by post harvest
biomass burning, CH4 emission changes)?• Water resources use issue?• Land use policy adaptation …?
