the date of the exodus by chiam cheng kiat djenny ruswandi dr. rick griffith, singapore bible...

The Date of The Date of The ExodusThe Exodus

By By

Chiam Cheng Kiat Chiam Cheng Kiat

Djenny RuswandiDjenny Ruswandi

Dr. Rick Griffith, Singapore Bible CollegeDr. Rick Griffith, Singapore Bible Collegewww.biblestudydownloads.comwww.biblestudydownloads.com

Dr. Rick Griffith, Singapore Bible CollegeDr. Rick Griffith, Singapore Bible Collegewww.biblestudydownloads.comwww.biblestudydownloads.com

Our ProgramOur Program

IntroductionIntroduction

Class ParticipationClass Participation

The Two TheoriesThe Two Theories

Conclusion & ApplicationConclusion & Application

More InformationMore Information

Questions and AnswersQuestions and Answers

Why should we know about Why should we know about the date of the Exodus?the date of the Exodus??

Two Theories on the Date of the Two Theories on the Date of the ExodusExodus

Late Date Theory Late Date Theory

(the 13(the 13thth century) century)

Early Date TheoryEarly Date Theory

(the 15(the 15thth century) century)

Arguments for the Late DateArguments for the Late Date

Historical ArgumentsHistorical Arguments

Archeological ArgumentsArcheological Arguments

Biblical ArgumentsBiblical Arguments

Historical Arguments for the Late Historical Arguments for the Late DateDate

The civilizations of Edom, Ammon, The civilizations of Edom, Ammon, and Moab were not in existence in and Moab were not in existence in the 15the 15thth century. Thus the Exodus century. Thus the Exodus must be dated to the 13must be dated to the 13thth century. century.


The City of Raamses (Exod. 1:11) was The City of Raamses (Exod. 1:11) was founded by Seti I (1318-1304) and founded by Seti I (1318-1304) and completed by Rameses II (1304-1237)completed by Rameses II (1304-1237)


That Thutmose IV was not the legal That Thutmose IV was not the legal heir to the Egyptians throne in no heir to the Egyptians throne in no way proves the legal heir died in way proves the legal heir died in the tenth plaguethe tenth plague


Thutmose III (1504-1450) was not Thutmose III (1504-1450) was not noted as a great builder.noted as a great builder.


The 300-year figure cited by The 300-year figure cited by Jephthah is merely an exaggerated Jephthah is merely an exaggerated generalization, since he had no generalization, since he had no access to historical records.access to historical records.


The 430 years of Exodus 12:40 from The 430 years of Exodus 12:40 from the late date for the Exodus places the late date for the Exodus places JacobJacob''s entrance into Egypt in the s entrance into Egypt in the Hyksos period (1730-1570). This Hyksos period (1730-1570). This period of foreign domination in period of foreign domination in Egypt is a more likely time for Egypt is a more likely time for IsraelIsrael''s entrance into Egypt.s entrance into Egypt.

Archeological Arguments for a Late Archeological Arguments for a Late DateDate

The Menerptah Stela (1220 B.C.)The Menerptah Stela (1220 B.C.)The name The name ““IsraelIsrael”” does not occur in any does not occur in any other historical record or documents before other historical record or documents before 1220.1220.

The Amarna Tablet (1400 B.C.)The Amarna Tablet (1400 B.C.)The name of The name of ““HabiruHabiru”” cannot be identified cannot be identified with the Hebrews. with the Hebrews. ““HabiruHabiru““ were a diverse were a diverse people, native Canaanites.people, native Canaanites.

Archeological evidences Archeological evidences Lachish, Bethel, Debir, etc. support a 13Lachish, Bethel, Debir, etc. support a 13thth century date for the Exodus. century date for the Exodus.

Biblical Arguments for the Late Biblical Arguments for the Late DateDate

The Old TestamentThe Old Testament

1 Kings 6:11 Kings 6:1

Exodus 2:23 Exodus 2:23

The Old TestamentThe Old Testament

The OT does not mention the The OT does not mention the Palestinian invasions of Seti I (1318-Palestinian invasions of Seti I (1318-1304 B.C.) or Rameses II (1304-1237 1304 B.C.) or Rameses II (1304-1237 B.C.), very likely because Israel was B.C.), very likely because Israel was not yet in the land of Palestinenot yet in the land of Palestine

1 Kings 6:11 Kings 6:1"In the four hundred and eightieth year "In the four hundred and eightieth year

after the Israelites had come out of Egypt, after the Israelites had come out of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomonin the fourth year of Solomon ''s reign over s reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, the second Israel, in the month of Ziv, the second month, he began to build the temple of the month, he began to build the temple of the Lord."Lord."The 480 years is a symbolic figure for 12 The 480 years is a symbolic figure for 12 generations. Because a generation is generations. Because a generation is about 25 years, the actual figure should about 25 years, the actual figure should be 300 years.be 300 years. 966/ 960/ 957 B.C.966/ 960/ 957 B.C. 300/ 300/ 300300/ 300/ 300 years years 1266/1260/1257 B.C.1266/1260/1257 B.C.

Exodus 2:23Exodus 2:23During that long period, the king of Egypt During that long period, the king of Egypt

died. The Israelites groaned in their slavery died. The Israelites groaned in their slavery and cried out, and their cry for help and cried out, and their cry for help because of their slavery went up to God.because of their slavery went up to God.

The 40 years Moses spent with the The 40 years Moses spent with the Midianites is not a chronological Midianites is not a chronological figure, but a symbolic figure figure, but a symbolic figure indicating a long period of time.indicating a long period of time.

Two Theories of the Date of the Two Theories of the Date of the ExodusExodus

Late Date Theory Late Date Theory

(the 13(the 13thth century date) century date)

Early Date TheoryEarly Date Theory

(the 15(the 15thth century date) century date)

Arguments for the Early DateArguments for the Early Date




Biblical Arguments for the Early Biblical Arguments for the Early DateDate


Judges 11:26Judges 11:26

Exodus 2:23 Exodus 2:23


"In the four hundred and eightieth year "In the four hundred and eightieth year after the Israelites had come out of after the Israelites had come out of Egypt, in the fourth year of SolomonEgypt, in the fourth year of Solomon ''s s reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, the second month, he began to build the second month, he began to build the temple of the Lord."the temple of the Lord."


The Exodus occurred 480 years ago The Exodus occurred 480 years ago before the 4before the 4thth year of Solomon year of Solomon''s s reignreign

966/ 960/ 957 B.C.966/ 960/ 957 B.C. 480/ 480/ 480480/ 480/ 480 years years 1446/1440/1437 B.C. 1446/1440/1437 B.C.


"For three hundred years Israel "For three hundred years Israel occupied Heshbon, Aroer, the occupied Heshbon, Aroer, the surrounding settlements and all the surrounding settlements and all the towns along the Arnon. Why didntowns along the Arnon. Why didn ''t t you retake them during that time?"you retake them during that time?"


Israel in Canaan 300 years before JephthahJephthah dated --- 1100 and 1050 B.C. 300 300Joshua Conquest --- 1400 and 1350 B.C.Add 40 yrs in desert 40 40Exodus dated 1440 and 1390 B.C.

Exodus 2:23Exodus 2:23

"During that long period, the king of "During that long period, the king of Egypt died. The Israelites groaned in Egypt died. The Israelites groaned in their slavery and cried out, and their their slavery and cried out, and their cry for help because of their slavery cry for help because of their slavery went up to God."went up to God."

Exodus 2:23Exodus 2:23

Moses lived in exile in Midian 40 years. Moses lived in exile in Midian 40 years. The only pharaohs who ruled 40 years The only pharaohs who ruled 40 years or more:or more: 1. Thutmose III (1504-1450) 1. Thutmose III (1504-1450) 2. Rameses II (1290-1224)2. Rameses II (1290-1224)

Archeological Arguments for an Early Archeological Arguments for an Early DateDate

The Menerptah Stela (1220 B.C.) The Menerptah Stela (1220 B.C.) Israel was already a nation.Israel was already a nation.

The Amarna Tablets (1440 B.C.)The Amarna Tablets (1440 B.C.)The The ““HabiruHabiru”” that caused chaos was likely the that caused chaos was likely the Hebrews.Hebrews.

The Dream Stela of Thutmose IVThe Dream Stela of Thutmose IVShows Thutmose IV was not the legal heir to Pharaoh. Shows Thutmose IV was not the legal heir to Pharaoh. Why not? The legal heir died in the 10 Why not? The legal heir died in the 10thth plague. plague.

Jericho and Hazor EvidencesJericho and Hazor Evidences

Historical Arguments for the Early Historical Arguments for the Early DateDate

The length of the Period of JudgesThe length of the Period of JudgesEarly Date – 250 yearsEarly Date – 250 yearsLate Date – 180 years (unlikely)Late Date – 180 years (unlikely)

The Reign of the Pharaoh during the The Reign of the Pharaoh during the Entrance of Jacob was Entrance of Jacob was Sesostris/Senusert III (1878-43 Sesostris/Senusert III (1878-43 B.C.), not the Hyksos dynasty B.C.), not the Hyksos dynasty (1674-1567 B.C)(1674-1567 B.C)

ConclusionConclusion

““After examining the biblical, historical, After examining the biblical, historical, and archeological evidence, we can see and archeological evidence, we can see that both the 1446 [early] date and the that both the 1446 [early] date and the 1290 [late] date can be supported by 1290 [late] date can be supported by impressive arguments, but at this point impressive arguments, but at this point in the debate the case for the 1446 B.C. in the debate the case for the 1446 B.C. Exodus appears to be the stronger Exodus appears to be the stronger one.” one.”

Herbert Wolf, An Introduction to the Old Testament Pentateuch, 148.

ApplicationApplication

InerrancyInerrancy

- The Biblical Historicity- The Biblical Historicity

- Jewish Festivals and Tradition- Jewish Festivals and TraditionGodGod''s Faithfulnesss FaithfulnessParallel to NT experience in Parallel to NT experience in

ChristChrist

Additional InformationAdditional Information Source: John D. Currid, Source: John D. Currid, A Study Commentary on ExodusA Study Commentary on Exodus

(Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2000)(Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2000)

Author subscribes to 13th Century Author subscribes to 13th Century B.C.B.C.

Peaceful Migration TheoryPeaceful Migration Theory

Rural CanaanitesRural Canaanites

Author subscribes to 13th Century Author subscribes to 13th Century B.C.B.C.

John D. Currid, John D. Currid, A Study Commentary on ExodusA Study Commentary on Exodus (Darlington, England: (Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2000), 27Evangelical Press, 2000), 27

The Egyptian monument first The Egyptian monument first mentioning Israel is a stele of Pharaoh mentioning Israel is a stele of Pharaoh Merneptah (1224-1214 B.C.)Merneptah (1224-1214 B.C.)

Historical Setting – The 13Historical Setting – The 13thth Century Century was a period of upheaval, conducive to was a period of upheaval, conducive to IsraelIsrael''s escape from Egypt and s escape from Egypt and conquest of Canaanconquest of CanaanGod is

not in th

e picture

Peaceful Migration Theory IPeaceful Migration Theory I originated by M. Noth and A. Alt,originated by M. Noth and A. Alt,

John D. Currid, John D. Currid, A Study Commentary on ExodusA Study Commentary on Exodus (Darlington, (Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2000), 29England: Evangelical Press, 2000), 29

““……the increase of settlement in the increase of settlement in Palestine was due to gradual Palestine was due to gradual inflitration of Hebrews into Palestine inflitration of Hebrews into Palestine and a gradual subsistence shift from and a gradual subsistence shift from semi-nomadism to agriculture…no semi-nomadism to agriculture…no invasion, only a peaceful penetration invasion, only a peaceful penetration from outside to inside Palestine.from outside to inside Palestine.””This contradicts Genesis 46:31-34, where Israelites settled as shepherds and were despised in Egypt.

Peaceful Migration Theory II Peaceful Migration Theory II by G. Mendenhall in 1962by G. Mendenhall in 1962

John D. Currid, John D. Currid, A Study Commentary on ExodusA Study Commentary on Exodus (Darlington, (Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2000), 29England: Evangelical Press, 2000), 29

““……there occurred a withdrawal by a there occurred a withdrawal by a faction of Palestinian society, namely faction of Palestinian society, namely the peasantry. This peasantry later the peasantry. This peasantry later came to develop into the Hebrews. The came to develop into the Hebrews. The catalyst for their moving out of the catalyst for their moving out of the Canaanite cities was a revolt, or at least Canaanite cities was a revolt, or at least a dissatisfaction with the ruling people.a dissatisfaction with the ruling people.””Hebrews were not an evolution from

such peasantry. Genesis 45:17-20 says Pharaoh invited Joseph’s family into Egypt.

Rural CanaanitesRural Canaanitesrecently by Finkelsteinrecently by Finkelstein

John D. Currid, John D. Currid, A Study Commentary on ExodusA Study Commentary on Exodus (Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2000), 30(Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2000), 30

““… … he believes the change may he believes the change may simply be a shift in the subsistence simply be a shift in the subsistence patterns of the Canaanites. These patterns of the Canaanites. These Canaanites gave up their urban Canaanites gave up their urban environment and moved out to environment and moved out to pastoral villages. Much later, these pastoral villages. Much later, these Canaanites became Israelites.Canaanites became Israelites.””..””Israelites were not an evolution from Canaanites.

Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers

BlackBlack

OT Survey link at biblestudydownloads.comOT Survey link at biblestudydownloads.com

Get this presentation for free!

the date of the exodus by chiam cheng kiat djenny ruswandi dr. rick griffith, singapore bible...

Documents

late date thutmose

century date

exodus late date theory

century slide

plague slide

historical records

years of exodus

century early date theory