the duel for north america chapter 6 1608 -1763. france religious wars ceased edict of nantes =...
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The Duel for North America
Chapter 61608 -1763
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France Religious wars ceased
Edict of Nantes = 1598 Limited toleration / Protestants
Most feared of European Continent
King Louis XIV = Ruled 72 yrs. Colonies = Quebec Samuel de Champlain
“Father of New France”
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Colonies = New France Autocratic
Canada Controlled by king No right to trial by jury Population grew slowly Favored Caribbean
Island colonies Sugar
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France Fans Out Beaver Pelts
Trappers = Coureurs de bois Free livers Extinguished beaver
Recruited Indians into fur business Disease / alcohol
French Catholic missionaries = Jesuits Explorers
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Cont. Robert de La Salle
Mississippi = 1682 Louisiana Tried to block Spain Planted fortified posts
New Orleans = 1718 Trade = West Indies and Europe
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Clash King William’s War = 1689 -1697 Queen Anne’s War = 1702-1713
British Colonist against French Courers de bois Both recruiting Indian allies Guerrilla warfare = savage
Spain allied with France
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Cont.Peace = 1713
France beaten Britain got Acadia = renamed Nova
Scotia, Newfoundland and Hudson Bay
War of Jenkins’s Ear = 1739 British and Spanish
Smuggling Caribbean / Georgia
James Oglethorpe King George’s War
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Washington Ohio Valley 1749
Colonial speculators Virginians / Washington family 500,000 acres French erecting forts
Fort Duquesne = Pittsburgh
Washington sent to secure claims 150 militiamen 40 miles from fort = shots fired
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Cont. French leader killed = retreated French returned with reinforcements
Washington built = Fort Necessity 10 hr. siege Washington surrenders
July 1754
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Global War
French and Indian War = 1754 Seven Years’ War Also fought in Europe / West Indies / Philippines /
Africa / Ocean
Britain, Prussia Vs. France, Spain, Austria and Russia
Blood bath in Germany = Fredrick the Great
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Colonial Disunity
Colonial clashes 1754
Intercolonial Congress Albany, NY 21 delegates = 7 colonies showed up Keep Iroquois loyal
Gifts Franklin = “Join or Die”
Albany Congress
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Blunders General Edward Braddock
British Regulars = 2,000 Capture Fort Duquesne Washington Huge loss Native American tear through countryside
Scalping Defeat after Defeat
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Pitt William Pitt = “Great Commoner”
Leader on London Government “Organizer of Victory” Concentrate on Canada
Victory against Louisbourg 1st significant victory
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Quebec Battle of Quebec = 1759
James Wolfe Daring night move = scaled the cliffs Plains of Abrahams
Significant battle Montreal fell 1760
French flag flew for the last time in Canada
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Trouble with Colonists Friction between British officers and
militia Professionalism
Colonist didn’t truly support cause Refused troops / money
Wanted privileges of Englishmen, without the duties and responsibilities
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War Ends
Treaty of Paris = 1763 G.B. claimed all of North America east of
the Mississippi River Included Florida = Acquired from Spain for
Cuba Spain received French lands west of
Mississippi / Port of New Orleans
France kept a few small islands near Newfoundland and West Indies
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Aftermath British victory = trouble with the Natives
Native Americans captured 8 British forts in the Ohio Valley Led by Pontiac (Ottawa) Killed 2,000 soldier / settlers Blankets infected with smallpox given to
chiefs during peace negotiations Peace negotiated by the end of 1765
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Aftermath Cont. Proclamation of 1763
Banned settlements west of the Appalachians
Colonists not happy
G.B. in financial trouble Cracked down on colonial smuggling
10,000 troops sent to control Native Americans
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