the early middle ages
DESCRIPTION
The Early Middle Ages. Germanic Invasion Notes. Objectives. The student will demonstrate knowledge of Western Europe during the Middle Ages from about 500 to 1000 C.E. in terms of its impact on Western civilization by - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Objectives1. The student will demonstrate
knowledge of Western Europe during the Middle Ages from about 500 to 1000 C.E. in terms of its impact on Western civilization by
1. Sequencing events related to the invasions, settlements, and influence of migratory groups, including the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings
2. Sequencing events related to the spread of Christianity and the Catholic Church throughout Europe
3. Explaining the rise of the Frankish kings, the Age of Charlemagne, and the revival of the idea of the Roman Empire
Essential Questions How did invasions by the
Angle, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings influence the development of Europe?
How and why did the Church grow in importance in the Middle Ages
How did Charlemagne revive the idea of the Roman Empire?
Barbarian Invasions Areas of Settlement
Angles/Saxons Came from Continental
Europe Settled in England
Magyars Came from Central
Asia Settled in Hungary
Vikings Came from
Scandinavia Many settled in Russia
Invasions drastically change Europe 5 consequences
Disruption of Trade Downfall of Cities Population Shifts Decline of Learning Loss of a common language
Disruption of Trade Merchants faced
invasions from both land and sea, which led to their businesses collapsing.
The breakdown of trade destroyed Europe’s cities as economic centers.
Money became scarce.
Downfall of Cities With the fall of the
Roman Empire, cities were abandoned as centers of administration
Population Shifts As Roman centers of trade
and government collapsed, nobles retreated to the rural areas and cities were left without strong leadership.
Other city dwellers also fled to the countryside, where they grew their own food.
The population of western Europe became mostly rural.
Decline of Learning The Germanic invaders could
not read or write and only Roman church officials continued to be literate.
Knowledge of Greek was almost lost and few people could read Greek works of literature, science, and philosophy.
The Germanic tribes had a rich oral tradition of songs and legends, just no written language.
Loss of a Common Language As German-speaking
peoples mixed with the Roman population, Latin began to change and was no longer understood from region to region.
By the 800s, French, Spanish, and other Romance languages had evolved from Latin.
Germanic Kingdoms Emerge Between 400- 600 C.E.
Germanic Kingdoms replace Roman provinces Borders constantly
changing Church only source of
stability New concept of
Government Family ties and personal
loyalty most important Small communities
Governed by unwritten rules and traditions
The Franks Former Roman province of
Gaul (France) Clovis
496 C.E. led army against warring Germanic tribe Fearing defeat prayed to
the Christian God Franks won and Clovis
converted to Christianity (as well as his soldiers) The church supported
Clovis 511 C.E. Clovis united
the Franks into one kingdom
Germanic Christianity By 600 C.E. many Germanic
people Christian Rulers and missionaries helped
spread religion Spreads to England
Monasteries and Convents Built to adapt to rural
conditions Saint Benedict 520 C.E.
Benedictine rule Benedictines most
influential monastic order Most educated, preserved
history Preserved Greco-Roman
cultural achievements
Gregory I (The Great) Became Pope in 590 C.E. Broadened role of the
church Became secular, involved
in worldly affairs such as politics
Idea of a churchly kingdom of Europe ruled by the Pope
Made church administration more efficient
Endorsed missionaries Supported Benedictine rule
The Frankish Empire Franks controlled largest
kingdom in Europe Clovis created the Merovingian
dynasty Near Paris, defeated rival
groups 486-507 C.E. Successors weak rulers
Charles Martel 719 C.E. Mayor of the palace More power than King Battle of Tours 732 C.E.
Defeated invading Muslim army
Became Christian hero Passed power to his son
Pepin the Short Cooperated with Pope Fought for the church
and became the King Created Carolingian
Dynasty Wife “big-footed
Bertha”
Charlemagne Pepin died in 768 C.E. Charlemagne (Charles the Great) Empire
Greatest since Ancient Rome Conquered lands through
military victory Spread Christianity through
conquests Reunited Western Europe Pope Leo III crowned him
Emperor in 800 C.E. He needed a strong powerful
leader for Western Europe Called himself a “Roman
Emperor” Linked Carolingian Monarchy
with Church
Charlemagne’s Rule
Government Limited authority of
nobles Strengthened central
authority Used Royal agents to
report on countryside Regularly participated
in his kingdom’s affairs
Culture Roman culture was
reinterpreted Encouraged learning Opened a palace school
Built schools, churches and roads to unite the empire
Ordered monasteries to open schools to train monks and priests
Monasteries expanded their libraries
The end of an Empire Charlemagne crowned
his son Louis the Pious king in 814 C.E.
Religious man Ineffective ruler
Louis’ heirs Three sons Fought civil war Treaty of Verdun in 843
C.E. split kingdom New system of
government and landholding evolved
Unifying effect of Charlemagne never died
Objectives1. The student will demonstrate
knowledge of Western Europe during the Middle Ages from about 500 to 1000 C.E. in terms of its impact on Western civilization by
1. Sequencing events related to the invasions, settlements, and influence of migratory groups, including the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings
2. Sequencing events related to the spread of Christianity and the Catholic Church throughout Europe
3. Explaining the rise of the Frankish kings, the Age of Charlemagne, and the revival of the idea of the Roman Empire
Essential Questions How did invasions by the
Angle, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings influence the development of Europe?
How and why did the Church grow in importance in the Middle Ages
How did Charlemagne revive the idea of the Roman Empire?