the eastern tropical pacific marine corridor - cmarnaturalresourcespolicy.org/docs/hands across.../...
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TheEasternTropicalPacificMarineCorridor-CMARLauraCarolinaGarciaLeon -delegateoftheColombianFocalPoint.laura.garcia@parquesnacionales.gov.co (57)3012388415-(57-1)3532400ext.3480www.cmarpacifico.orgCostaRica–Panamá–Colombia-Ecuador(SouthAmerica).Size:1.374.496km²
UNESCOWorldHeritageSites
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Participantsincoordinatingtheongoingtransboundarycooperation:
NationalGovernment:• MinistriesoftheEnvironmentofCostaRica,Panama,Colombia,andEcuador• FisheriesandTourismAuthorities:Colombia(AUNAP)• Ecuador(ViceministryofAquacultureandFishing)• CostaRica(INCOPESCA)• Panama(ARAP).
Protectedareaadministration:
• NationalParksServicesofColombia(PNN)• NationalSystemofProtectedAreasofCostaRica(SINAC)• NationalSystemofProtectedAreasofPanama(SINAP)• theGalapagosNationalPark(Ecuador)
InternationalNGOs:
• WWF• MarViva
NationalNGOs:
• CharlesDarwinFoundation• MalpeloFoundation• FundarGalapagos• Pretoma• TurtleIslandRestorationNetwork• AmigosdelaIsladelCocoFoundation• AlbatrosMedia
LocalNGOs:
• MalpeloFoundation• AmigosdelaIsladelCoco
Objectives:TheEasternTropicalPacificMarineCorridor(CMAR)isaregionalandcross-borderinitiativefortheconservationandsustainableuseoftheregion’smarineandcoastalresources.TheaimistoproperlymanagetheEasternTropicalPacific’sbiodiversitythroughecosystembasedmanagementandthedevelopmentofregionalintergovernmentalstrategieswithsupportofNone-governmentalOrganizations(NGOs)andinternationalcooperationagencies.
1. Promoting the management and conservation of the biodiversity and coastal-marine resources of the marine corridor, focusing on ecosystems, endemic andendangeredspecies,aswellasspecieswithcommercialimportance.
2. Improving the management of the marine protected areas that constitute theCMAR.
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3.Establishingaregionalmanagementof theCMAR,consistentwithnational lawsand policies of the four countries, and under international agreements andconventions.
4. Promoting the cooperation and collaborative work between the governments,international agencies, None-governmental Organizations, and other stakeholders,inordertofacilitatetheadequatemanagementoftheCMAR.
5.TargetingtechnicalandfinancialcooperationatthenationalandregionallevelfortheCMAR,basedonprioritiesestablishedforthefourcountries.
6.Encouragingtourismandfishingthatcontributestosustainabledevelopment inlocalcommunitiesinvolvedwiththeCMAR.
7.Encouragingstakeholder’sparticipationconcerningtheCMARmanagement.
Valuesandimportance:TheCMARaimstopromoteandfosterthevoluntarycooperationoffourcountries(CostaRica,Panama,Colombia,Ecuador)toattaincoordinatedmanagementofitscorezones,meaningtheMarineProtectedAreas(MPA´s)surrounding5islands:MalpeloandGorgona(Colombia),Coiba(Panama),Galapagos(Ecuador)andCocos(CostaRica),fourofthemareUNESCOWorldHeritageSites(allexceptGorgona),andtwoRAMSARSites(CocoandGalapagos).TheseMPAsandtheirinfluencezones,constituteanimportantworld-widehotspotforitsgreatbiodiversitywithmorethan600marinespeciesandkeymarineecosystems,ecologicalconnectivity,highendemismandnaturalconditionstosustainmigratoryspecies.The CMAR provides benefits for approximately 3,5 million people and their localeconomies.Thefishingandtourismarethemostrelevanteconomicactivitiesrelatedtothetransboundary area. At least 48 thousand artisanal fishermen depend on the CMAR`smarine resources, aswell as around50.000vessels for industrial fishing.Thenumberofvisitors in the core zones has increased, reachingmore than 255.000 tourists per year,whichcontributeswithmoretourismservicesofferedbylocalcommunities.
Illegalfishingneedsurgentactionsbecauseisthemostseriousthreatinthemarinecorridor.Thisactivitynotonlydepletesthefishingresourcesandbiodiversity,butalsoviolatesbordersandinternationallaws,becomingasecurityissue.Aspectsoftransboundarycooperation:NatureConservation,Sustainableuseofmarinebiodiversityfocusedontourismandfishing,MPAsmanagement,Commonregionalecosystems,endemicandendangeredspecies,Buildingcapacitiesandtraining,Inter-sectoralstakeholdersparticipation.
Stageintheprocess:Heads-of-MinistriesofEnvironmentvoluntaryAgreementDateEstablished:2ndApril2004OfficialProtectedAreaDesignation:NationalPark;FloraandFaunaSanctuary;UNESCOWorldHeritageSite;RAMSARSite.
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TheCatalyst:ThecreationoftheCMARarisesfromaPresidentialintentionofthe4countries(Colombia,Ecuador,Panama,CostaRica)thatrespondstotheinternationalcommitmentsmadebythecountriesattheJohannesburgWorldSummitonSustainableDevelopment(2002),ontheurgentneedtoimplementactionsthataimtoprotectandmanagethenaturalresources,basefortheeconomicandsocialdevelopment.In addition, the UNESCO World Heritage Program identified a need of cross-bordermanagementofthemarineWorldHeritageSitesandtheirconnectivity, intheframeworkof the experts workshop “Filling critical an promoting multisites approach to newnominations of tropical coastal, marine and small ecosystems“, developed in Vietnam(2002). According to this, the Latin-America and the Caribbean experts group, proposedtheGalapagos-Cocosislandszone,asoneofthemostimportantplacestobedesignatedacross-border management zone in the region, due to shared biological and geologicalconditions,relevantgeneticexchangeandcommonmarinespecies,mostofthemendemicandhighlymigratory.History:TheUNESCOrecommendationsaboutcross-bordermanagementofthemarineWorldHeritageSites,andthescientificproposalofexpertsinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean,weredecisivefactorsfortheMinistriesoftheEnvironmentofCostaRicaandEcuador,initially,tomoveforwardinseekingajointregionmanagement.Then,PanamaandColombiawereincludedinthisregionalinitiative,aftertheinvitationtoparticipateofCostaRicaandEcuador,duringthe“MinistersofEnvironmentWorldForum”in2002.Afterthat,inApril2004:“TheSanJoseStatement”wassigned(technicaldocumentwasadopted)bytheEnvironmentAuthoritiesofthefourcountries.The creation of the CMAR has a strong base on scientific and technical informationprovidedbyscientificinstitutionsfromColombia(INVEMAR),CostaRica(CIMAR),Ecuador(CharlesDarwinScientificStation),Panama(SmithsonianTropicalResearchInstitute).
Barriers,challenges,obstacles,orconstraints:Itisachallengetoobtainastrongerpoliticalengagementandamorepermanentfinancialsupport/aMemorandumofUnderstandingisbeingcreatedbetweenCMARandPACIFICO(arecentallianceofenvironmentalfundsintheEasternTropicalPacific).ItisachallengetogatherallthescientificandtechnicalinformationoftheCMAR,insideaunique information system or virtual platform. / A project proposal is still underconsiderationbytheGermanygovernmenttosupportthisinitiative.Itisachallengetocompletetheformalestablishmentofthenationalcommissionsineverycountry.Currently,onlyColombiahasthisstructurecreatedwithaworkingplan.
TheGovernanceandManagementStructures
● Cooperativerelationship:Non-bindingagreement● Legalbasisforcooperation:None
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● Governancestructure
Politicallevel
• RegionalMinisterialCommittee:isformedbytheMinistriesoftheEnvironmentofthe4countries,andpoliticallysupportstheCMAR.
• Pro Tempore Presidency: sectorial coordination at the regional level. Rotatesevery(3)threeyearsbetweencountries.
Technicallevel
• Pro Tempore Technical Secretariat: proceed with the mandates and actionsrequestedbybothCommittees(RegionalandTechnical).Rotatesevery(3)threeyears(samecountryastheProTemporePresidency).
• Regional Technical Committee: Advise and prepare technical proposals tosupport the CMAR actions. Comprised of governmental representatives orofficialdelegatesfromtheMinistries.
• National Commissions: sectorial coordination at the national level. It worksunder the regionalguidelinesof theRegionalCommitteesbutaccording to thenationalpoliciesandsovereigntyofeverycountry.
• WorkingGroups:Conduct technicalactionsaddressedtoaccomplishtheCMARobjectives in four lines of actions: biodiversity, fishing, responsible tourism,controlandsurveillance.
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● Cooperativemanagementarrangement:RegionalActionPlan(everyregional
groupandnationalcommitteesnotonlytargettothisgeneralplan,butalsohavetheirownactionplanswithannualactivities).
Results
• JointWorkbetweenthe4governmentsandNGO´s
• Internalregulations/guidelinesofCMAR.
• Created5workinggroupswithrepresentativesofthe4countries(Tourism,MarineProtectedAreas,Communications,ScienceandFishing)
• WorkingPlans for theRegionalGroupsand theNationalCommission inColombia,withshort,medium,andlongtermactions.
• Set up National Commissions of the CMARà Colombia (2012) Nationalorganizationsasmembers.Panamá,CostaRicaandEcuadorgroupsarestillunderconformation.
• Strengthenthemanagementandconservationofthe5MPA´sthroughtheexchangeofexperiencesandinformation.
• Strengthen themanagement and conservation of the CMARbiodiversity, speciallyendemicandendangeredspecies(turtles,sharks,birds).
• Performedtechnicalstudiesaboutregionalfisheries(marketingchain,traceability,onboardobserversprogram)forenvironmentalandfishingauthorities.
• Define institutional and community agreements to carry out participatoryassessment and management fishing resources of the Gorgona-Sanquiangasubregion.
LessonsLearned
• Theintersectorialparticipationofdifferentstakeholders(government,research,NGOs,community)hasreinforcedthemanagementandaimsaccomplishment.
• Theregionallevelofcoordinationshouldhaveacloseinteractionwiththenationallevel(nationalcommitees).
• VirtualmeetingsandinteractionshavebeenagoodmechanismofcommunicationbetweenCMARmembers.
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ForMoreInformation
Name Title Organization Email Phone
JuliaMirandaLondoño
NationalFocalPoint-Colombia
NationalparksService
(571)3532400ext.3401-3402
MaríaVerónicaCórdova
ProTemporeSecretariat
MinistryoftheEnvironmentofEcuador
(5934)2068521ext.115
RafaelMongeVargas
NationalFocalPoint-CostaRica
MinistryoftheEnvironmentofCostaRica
(506)88161565
MarinoÁbrego NationalFocalPoint-Panama
MinistryoftheEnvironmentofCostaRica
(507)61502101
Attachedyouwillfind“TheSanJoseStatement”andtheRegionalActionPlan.Pleasefindalladditionalinformationontheweb-sitewww.cmarpacifico.org,the“library”(biblioteca)or“gallery”(galería)mightbeofinterest.