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2019 THE ENERGY PROGRESS REPORTT R A C K I N G S D G 7
H I G H L I G H T S
A joint report of the custodian agencies
United NationsStatistics Division
32
In 2015, the United Nations committed to Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7) which aims to “Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all” by the year 2030. SDG7 is made up of four specific targets.
Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report shows that while progress has been made to expand access to electricity, deploy renewables in electricity generation and improve energy efficiency, it is uneven across regions and sectors. Access to clean cooking solutions is still lagging far behind.
AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY
1.2 840billion millionpeople without electricity access people without electricity access
2.96 2.90billion billionpeople without clean cooking people without clean cooking
5.9 5.1MJ/USD MJ/USDprimary energy intensity primary energy intensity
(2016)
16.6% 17.5%total final energy consumption
from renewablestotal final energy consumption
from renewables (2016)
2010 2017
SDG 7.1.1 UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO
ELECTRICITY
SDG 7.2 DEPLOYMENT OF
RENEWABLE ENERGY
SDG 7.3 IMPROVEMENT OF
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
SDG 7.1.2 UNIVERSAL ACCESS
TO CLEAN FUELS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR
COOKING
54
83% 89%
92%100%
In the period 2015-17
electrification rate is
outpacing population
growth, but Africa still
faces a large deficit of
over 570 million.
Myanmar, Bangladesh,
and Kenya are among
the countries that made
the most progress since
2010.
0% 100%
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0% 100%
World Average
0.8%
3%
6.4%4.7%
Myanmar Bangladesh Kenya
Changes in electricity access rates in top 20 access-deficit countries, 2010-2017
Percentage of national population gaining access toelectricity each year (2010-2017)
Percentage of population with access to electricity (%)
Significant progress has been made on energy access in recent years, with the number of people living without electricity dropping from 1.2 billion in 2010 to 840 million in 2017.
The global electrification rate reached 89 percent and 131 million people gained access to electricity each year on average since 2010.
However, without sustained and stepped-up efforts, 650 million will still live without access to electricity in 2030.
In 2017, about 78 percent of the world’s population without electricity lived in the top 20 access-deficit countries
0% 100%
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0% 100%
World Average
0.8%
SDG 7.1.1 ELECTRIFICATION
Status as of baseline year in 2010Progress between 2010 and 2017Projected progress up to 20302030 SDG7 target
Chad MalawiCongo, Dem. Rep.Niger UgandaMadagascar Burkina Faso
Mozambique Tanzania
MaliDPRK
Ethiopia
Angola
Nigeria
SudanKenya
MyanmarPakistan
BangladeshIndia
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5
Acce
ss ra
te 2
017
(per
cent
age
of to
tal p
opul
atio
n) World Average, 0.8 ppWorld Average, 89 %
Low incomeLower middle income
Bubble size is proportional to access deficit
Annualized average change, 2010 - 2017 (percentage points)
Annualized Incremental population with access, 2015-2017
Annualized Incremental population, 2015-2017
3627
76
0% 100%
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0% 100%
World Average
0.8%
Access to clean cooking has increased from 57% in 2010 to 61% in 2017. To reach the target of universal access by 2030, the pace of recent progress would have to accelerate six-fold.
Huge disparities remain
between urban areas, where
83% of the population has
access to clean cooking, and
rural areas, where access is
only 34%.
0
20
40
60
80
100 83%
34%
Urban Rural
Percentage of global population with access to clean cooking in urban and rural areas, 2017
SDG 7.1.2 CLEAN COOKING
Around 3 billion people continue to cook by burning biomass, like wood and charcoal. The resulting indoor air pollution leads to approximately 4 million premature deaths each year from indoor air pollution, primarily among women and children.
3.8million
deaths each year
Access to clean cooking did not improve substantially in Sub-Saharan Africa, remained stable in Latin America, and showed only slow process in developing Asia between 2010 – 2017.
Status as of baseline year in 2010
Progress between 2010 and 2017
Projected progress up to 2030
2030 SDG7 target
57%
61%
74%100%
Percentage of the global population with access to clean cooking solutions (%)
Top 20 AccessDeficit Countries
Less than 00-1.99More than 2Not applicable
ANNUALIZED INCREASE IN ACCESSTO CLEAN FUELS AND TECHNOLOGIES
2010-2017 (PP)
IBRD 44350 | APRIL 2019
98
In 2016, the share of renewables in total final energy consumption increased at the fastest rate since 2012 and reached almost 17.5%. 10.2% was made of modern renewable energy (e.g. biofuels, hydropower, wind and solar), while the remainder was traditional uses of biomass, which is linked to significant negative health impacts.
The fastest progress in renewables continued to be in electricity generation, where close to a quarter came from renewables in 2016, thanks to the rapid expansion of solar PV and wind.
The use of modern renewables for heat and transport remains limited — reaching shares of 9% and 3.3% respectively. Considering that these last two end-uses represent 80% of total final energy consumption, particular efforts are needed in these to accelerate the uptake of renewables.
SDG 7.2 RENEWABLE ENERGY
Since 2010, renewable energy consumption has increased twice as fast as overall energy consumption, driven by the rapid expansion of modern renewables, while traditional uses of biomass consumption remained flat. However, progress needs to accelerate further with long-term and stable policy measures for all end-uses (electricity, heat and transport) reflecting country-specific conditions and development objectives.
100
150
200
250
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
Total energy consumption
Total renewable energy consumptionModern renewables (hydro, solar, wind, modern bioenergy and others)Traditional uses of biomass
Index
Several countries stand out for their special achievements
0%Percentage of renewable energy in total final energy consumption
Top 3 countries in percentage of renewable energy consumed in each end-use, among top 20 energy consumers
Status as of baseline year in 2010
Progress between 2010 and 2016
Projected progress up to 2030
16.6%
17.5%21%
3.3%
24.0%
23.7%
24.1%
2.5%
19.8%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
2016
2010
2016
2010
2016
2010
Heat
Trans
port
Electr
icity
2016
2010
traditional uses of biomass
15.1% 9.0%
15.5% 8.2%
80% 45% 20%
65% 18% 7%
39% 18% 5%
ELECTRICITY MODERN RENEWABLE HEAT TRANSPORT
Brazil
Canada
Spain
Brazil
France
Mexico
Brazil
France
Germany
1110
Global primary energy intensity has been falling at an accelerated annual rate of 2.3% since 2010, up from 1.3% between 1990 and 2010. However, this still lags behind the rate of improvement to 2030 targeted by SDG 7.3, which now exceeds 2.7%. It is estimated that the rate of improvement slowed down in 2017 and 2018, which would place further pressure on this target.
The average annual rate of intensity improvement since 2010 has accelerated in 16 of the 20 countries with the largest total primary energy supply. China has had the fastest rate of improvement amongst these countries, with strong improvement well above the global average also observed in United Kingdom, Japan, Indonesia, and India.
Compound annual growth rate
Compound annual growth rate-5% -4% -3% -2% -1% 0%
- 3% -2% - 1% 0%
Indonesia
Japan
UK
China
India
Industry
Passenger transport
Services
Agriculture
Residential
Freight transport
SDG 7.3 ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Asia has seen the largest improvements in energy intensity, with rates above the global average. Between 2010 and 2016, primary energy intensity in Eastern and Southeastern Asia improved by an annual average rate of 3.4%, with a rate of 2.5% in Central and Southern Asia.
Rates of energy intensity improvement are varied across end-use sectors. Industry – the largest energy consuming sector – has made the most rapid progress, improving energy intensity by an average annual rate of 2.7% since 2010. In transport, the introduction of passenger car standards has driven efficiency improvements, although progress is slower in freight transport.
0%-2.7%
Baseline rate of progress between 1990 and 2010
Rate of progress between 2010 and 2016
Projected rate of progress between 2017 and 2030
New targeted rate of progress between 2017 and 2030 to achieve SDG
-1.3%-2.3%
-2.4%-2.7%
Compound annual growth rate of global primary in energy intensity
-4%
-3%
-2%
-1%
0%
1%
Oceania Central Asia andSouthern Asia
Eastern Asia andSouth-eastern Asia
Latin America andthe Caribbean
Northern Americaand Europe
Sub-Saharan Africa
Western Asia and Northern Africa
Com
poun
d ann
ual g
rowt
h rate
(%)
1990-2010 2010-2016 World 2010-2016
Tracking SDG7: The Global Energy Progress Report 2019 provides a global dashboard on progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7), which sets 2030 targets for reaching universal access to electricity and clean fuels and technologies for cooking, substantially increasing the share of renewable energy in the global mix, and doubling the rate of improvement of energy efficiency.
All the data used in this pamphlet comes from the respective official source: for electrification, the World Bank; for clean fuels and technologies for cooking, the World Health Organization (WHO); for renewable energy, the International Energy Agency (IEA), the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) and the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA); and for energy efficiency, the IEA and UNSD. All projections are from the IEA’s World Energy Outlook.
The report is a joint effort of the custodian agencies International Energy Agency (IEA) (2019 chair), the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the World Bank, and the World Health Organization (WHO), which the United Nations has named responsible for collecting and reporting on global energy indicators for SDG7.
LEARN MORE
Visit our website to get the full report, find out more about the methodology, and download all the underlying data: http://trackingSDG7.esmap.org
Cover photo: Shutterstock
Funding for the report was provided by the World Bank’s Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP).
A joint report of the custodian agencies
United NationsStatistics Division