The Five Genres

of

Literature

The Five Genres of Literature...

... have their own form.

... follow their own specifications of rules incomposition.... have various structures.... are unique from each other.... are still interconnected.

Novel

The Novel

The Novel

- it is the longest genre of literature.- it is usually in narrative form.- it comes in prose.- it mimics the human experience.- it has several elements that make it complex.

The Two Types of Novels

1. Bildungsroman (Novel of Formation)- is a typeof novel that is concerned with the education,development stage, and the coming of age of aprotagonist, that is from childhood toadolescence. This usually deals with how theprotagonist aims to become a great artist in thefuture, but ends up settling as a mere usefulcitizen.

The Two Types of Novels

2. Kunstlerroman (Apprenticeship Novel)- is a typeof novel that concerns the development of theyouth or an individual into a painter, musician, or apoet.

Examples:Title: The Perks if Being a WallflowerAuthor: Stephen Chbosky

This is a story about a typicalteenager from school who experiences acoming-of-age upon meeting aschoolmate.

Title: Dear JohnAuthor: Nicholas Sparks

This is a romance novel thatportrays the present American societythat involves painful goodbyes in serviceof the country.

Title: Those Who Save UsAuthor: Jenna Blum

This novel expresses thestruggles, the nightmares, and theatrocity caused by the Nazi Power.

Title: Everything, EverythingAuthor: Nicola Yoon

This is a novel about a sickteenager who finds meaning in lifethrough love and the appreciation ofeverything around her.

Title: Two Boys KissingAuthor: David Levithan

This is a heartbreaking novelabout how gay teens strive foracceptance and the want to secure love.

Title: A Knight to RememberAuthor: Bridget Essex

This is a novel anchored onfntasy, but focuses on the struggle of acharacter who shows lesbian tendencies.

Novel

Poetry

Poetry

- it is the shortest piece of compostion.- in the case of epics, this can be lengthy inform.- it has rythm.- it has a pattern of musicality.- it is composed of lines and stanzas.

Examples:

1. Ang Huling Tula na Isusulat Ko Para sa Iyoby Juan Miguel Severo2. OCD by Neil Hilborn3. I Rise by Maya Angelou4. The Emperor's New Sonnet by Jose Garcia Villa5. Iliad by Homer

Novel

Fiction

Fiction

- it is widely known as the short story.- it is the shortened version of a novel.- it has reoccurring characters.- it is usually made less complicated by havingeverything in singularity.- it follows the singularity in emotions.

Examples:

1. Champoon by Theb Mahapaorya2. Rashomon by Ryunosuke Akutagawa3. A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner4. The Baby in the Bottle by Benjamin Bautista5. The Magic Barrel by Bernard Malamud

Novel

Drama

Drama

- it deals with the stage.- it involves actors and actresses; thus, thepresence of properties and other aesthetics.- it highly involves dialogues.- it utilizes music .- it elaborates voalization and bodymovement.

Examples:Title: The ChairsPlaywright: Eugene Ionesco

This play is about an OldMan and Old Woman who arefrantically aranging chairs forinvisible guests. In the end, both ofthem commit suicide by juminginto the ocean.

Title: Madame ButterflyPlaywright: Giacomo Puccini

This play is about love,obssession, lust, and deception.

Title: New Yorker in TondoPlaywright: Alfredo Tolentino

This play is about a girlwho went to New York and cameback to the Philippines bringingwith her the culture of theAmericans, stories, and secrets.

Title: Romeo and JulietPlaywriight: William Shakespeare

This play is about the star-crossed lovers who found theireternal happiness in being togetherby death.

Novel

Essay

Essay

- it is realistic, because it addresses issues,concerns, situations, etc.- it is aademic and professional.- it is formal.- it is straightforward.- themes that are unrealistic cannot beutilized.

Examples:

1. Why I Write by George Orwell2. The Devil Finds Work by James Baldwin3. Pieces and Pontifications by Norman Mailer4. Salvador by Joan Didion5. A Tragic Incident at Ravenna by GeorgeGordon, Lord Byron

Let's Have Some Japanese

KOKOLOGY

Basic

Literary

Devices

Novel

Symbolism

Sybolism

-it is the use of an object or word to representan abstract idea. In literature, the use ofsymbolism can emerge from an action of aperson, a place, an animal, colors or soundthat represent or symbolizes somethingdeeper in meaning.

Examples:

1. Object or WordIron Bars- ConstraintCrown- Power

2. Action of a PersonFrowning- Shows displeasure, sadness, and

other negative responses.Shrieking- Shows extreme fear.

Examples:

3. A PlaceMecca- The center of something.Syberia- Alienated

4. An AnimalBird- Freedom and Perspective

5. ColorYellow- Decomposition or Decay

6. SoundKnell- Death

Novel

Voice

Voice

-it is the over-all personality of a writer. It iswhat a writer is usually known for (e.g.sarcasm, comic relief, religious, etc.)

Novel

Tone

Tone

-it is usually confused with voice. It representsthe current mood of the writer in a piece. Awriter can be known for sarcasm, while his orher tone can be humorous. A writer may alsobe religious, while his or her tone is bitter.

Example:

Voice

Dr. Jose Rizal - He is a propagandist

Works: Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo

- Making fun or ridicule of the evilsin the behaviour of men, especially the friars;satirical and sarcastic.

Example:

Tone

Works:

Mi Ultimo Adios (My Last Farewell)- PatrioticThe Moth- Educational or MoralizingSa Aking mga Kabata- Patriotic

Novel

Foreshadowing

Foreshadowing

-it is a literary device in which a writer givesan advance hint of what is to come later inthe story. It often appears at the beginning ofa story or a chapter and helps the readerdevelop expectations about the comingevents in a story.

NovelDeux

Ex

Machina

Deux Ex Machina

-any part of written literature wherein a divineentity intervenes with a problem and is thereason for its solution. It is also called“DivineIntervention”.

Novel

Theme

Theme

-it is the central topic of the text or the topicthat the text is trying to focus on.”.

The Two Types of Themes:

1. Thematic Concept- it is what the readers think the work is about.

Example:

Sleeping beauty is about finding the love ofyour life.

The Two Types of Themes:

2. Thematic Statement- it is what the work actually says about the

subject.

Example:

Sleeping beauty is about patience and waitingfor the right moment in your life to succeed inthings.