the french revolution. enlightenment inspires revolution the glorious revolution –england 1689...
TRANSCRIPT
The French Revolution
Enlightenment Inspires Revolution
The Glorious Revolution– England 1689– Why = Protestant religion in
England threatened by Catholic King James II
– Result = Protestant William of Orange becomes King
• Constitutional Monarchy = powers of the King limited by the laws of the country
The American RevolutionThe American Revolution– North America, 1776-1783 – Why = American colonists
wanted independence from English rule
– Result = United States of America formed
• Representative Government = citizens elect leaders to make / enforce laws
The 1st & 2nd Estates• 1st Estate =
– Roman Catholic Clergy (Priests & Bishops)
– 1% of population– Owned %10 of land– Collected taxes from church
members
• 2nd Estate = – French Nobles– 2% of population– Collected taxes from
peasants on their land
• Both did not pay taxes
The 3rd Estate
• 97% of the population
• Doctors, lawyers, businessmen (Bourgeoise)
• Working class (Factory, skilled workers)
• Peasants (Poor farmers)
• Had no “voice” in government
• Paid all the taxes
Enlightenment Sparks Revolution!
• France is in trouble…– Huge Debt $$$– Louis XVI weak leader
• The Estates-General– Meeting of all 3 estates– Each Estate had 1 vote (1st &
2nd had advantage)
• Tennis Court Oath = 3rd estate vowed to form a new constitution for France
Violence Erupts in France
• Storming of the Bastille = Symbol of Monarchy destroyed by 3rd Estate
• The Great Fear = A wave of panic spread through French countryside
• The Reign of Terror = 1793-1794 Mass executions of “traitors” to the Revolution– Robespierre ruled as dictator– Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette
executed