the future of paper - making paper more [read-only] · mit media labs? motorola labs? pitney bowes...
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The Future of Paper – Making Paper More“Intelligent”
A Presentation to the United States PostalRate CommissionJanuary 15, 2003
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Background
? The Intelligent Document Task Force was created as ajoint project of the United States Postal Service and themailing industry in 1997.
? The goal of the task force was to advise the USPS ontechnologies that could be used to make the mail more“infocentric” or to add value to the mail by adding morefeatures.
? The Intelligent Document Task Force evaluatestechnologies that provide a way to communicate with theInternet in machine readable form.
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Who Is On The Task Force
? The United States Postal Service has six representativesthat come from Engineering, Legal, Metering, PostalInspection Service, Technology, and Technology,
? Industry has three chief scientists (Escher Laboratories,International Paper and Pitney Bowes), two Engineers(Neopost and MeadWestvaco Corporation), onedistribution specialist (Williamhouse, Inc.) and a projectleader (Envelope Manufacturers Association).
? The project is managed by the Vice President forProduct Development and his staff.
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On Going Work At Laboratories Which We Have Reviewed
? Bell and Howell Mailing Systems? Dow Labs? Escher Labs? E-Stamp Research? HP Labs? IBM Labs and High Speed Printing? International Paper Corporate Research? Kodak Labs? MIT Media Labs? Motorola Labs? Pitney Bowes Research? Sitex Labs? Xerox PARC
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What Is An Intelligent Product?
An “Intelligent” product has a machine readableLanguage interface that enables it to be read by eitherMail processing equipment or an Internet input or outputDevice.
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Examples of Intelligent Products
? The “Postnet” Barcode (Legacy)? The OCR Reader (Legacy)? The Two Dimensional Barcode (Legacy)? RFID (Emergent)? Data imbedding or data hiding (Emergent)? Interbody Network Products (Emergent)? Fiber Fingerprints (Emergent)? Printable IC (Experimental)? Printable Displays (Experimental)? Remote Sensing (Experimental)
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The Postnet Barcode
? Been around since the mid 1960’s as ZIPCODE? Narrow information range? Non-standard, numeric? Simple, cheap and efficient? Wider deployment as CONFIRM and PLANET? Can be used in Track and Trace? Fully supported by current equipment infrastructure? Very robust
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OCR
? Technology which goes back to the 1950’s? Has limited capability to interpret information? USPS must have well defined specifications? USPS has also led in some developments in “on
the fly” correction.? Much of the market is in interpreting UPC with
laser codes.? A legacy technology.
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What Have We Learned So Far and What Is InIt For The USPS ?
? When retail and processing are both engineeringnew opportunities – how will they come together?
1847 1904 1920 1998
Stamp Permit Meter SmartStamp?
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As The Cost of IC Gets Cheaper, Information Gathering GetsMore Cost Effective
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11
RFID “Rainbow” of Opportunities
Global Local
Open System Closed System
Standards Driven Application Driven
Ubiquitous Infrastructure Limited Infrastructure
Trillions of Tags Millions of Tags
< $0.01
$0.02
0.03
$0.08
$0.05
$0.20 $0.10
$.35
$0.50
$1
$5
$10
$100
$0.25
Cattle
All Consumer Retail Items
Office Assets
CurrentCurrentFutureFutureE
mer
ging
Em
ergi
ng
Toll Roads
Tag Cost$/unitLaundry
Military
Personnel Access
Library Books
Access/Charge Tickets
Designer Goods
Lumber
Work in ProgressChickens
Air BaggageTracked Parcels
Electronic Watermarks
Reference: Peter Harrop IDTechEX
Person Locating
e-Bar CodesAll Postal Items
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Screen “Tagging” Using RFID
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Data Hiding
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The “Zip Button”
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The Fiber “Fingerprint”
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Interbody Networks
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Electronic Ink
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Fab in a Box NanoTectonics
All Printed-All Inorganic 3Dnm Building Blocks – Seconds Per Layer
Ridley et. Al, Science, 286, 746 (1999)Bulthaup et. Al. APL 79(10): 1525 (2001)Molecular Machines (Jacobson) Group
Liquid ProcessedChips
Nanocluster Building Blocks
Multilayer Liquid AssemblyTFT Devices
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Coplanar Electrodes – Thin Film DisplaysLength
Width
Vg
SourceDrain
Vds
Gate
PolymerInsulatorSubstrate
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The Postal Uniform of Tomorrow
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Remote Sensing
3D Volumetric Sensing UsingResonant RF Tags
? Locate and uniquely identify an ensemble of tags to describe meaningful3D shapes
? Detect passive resonant tags inductively coupled to coil? Do this in real-time to allow an interaction between the physical model
and virtual model
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Creating An Integrated System
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Your Questions?
You Got Questions?