the geology of pacific and lab 4: accreted · the geology of pacific northwest volcanoes, mountains...

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The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes Lab 4: Accreted Terranes Lab NAME_________________________ DATE _______________ In this lab you will be creating a map based on the major accreted terranes of the Western coast of North America, mainly in Oregon. The thing about accreted terranes is that, geologically, they are a mess. They have everything you could possibly imagine in them, sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks, continental rocks, oceanic rocks, fossils, etc. In fact, they are so messy the crazy geology is usually called a mélange (the French word for mixture). So, today you are going to create your own map of these accreted terranes and you are going to decipher what type of accreted terrane they are based on their rock assemblage. PART 1: I. You will need to assemble your map by cutting out your accreted terranes and gluing them to the map based on the borders shown and the cities on both the terranes and the main map. II. Once your terranes are glued onto the main map you will color them based on their age and names: a. IMT—Intermontane Terrane: Middle to late Jurassic Accretion BLUE b. OB—Omineca Belt: Middle to late Jurassic Accretion RED c. KT—Klamath Terrane: Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous GREEN d. CPC—Coast Plutonic Complex: Middle Cretaceous YELLOW e. EOT—Eastern Oregon Terranes: Middle Cretaceous PURPLE f. INT—Insular Super Terrane: Middle to late Cretaceous LIGHT BLUE g. OT—Olympic Terrane: Tertiary ORANGE h. CT—Coastal Terrane: Tertiary to present BROWN III. Now, using the attached geologic timeline, tell me the approximate ages of each of the terranes and volcanic arcs: a. Intermontane Terrane: __________________ b. OB—Omineca Belt: __________________ c. KT—Klamath Terrane: __________________ d. CPC—Coast Plutonic Complex: __________________ e. EOT—Eastern Oregon Terranes: __________________ f. INT—Insular Super Terrane: __________________ g. OT—Olympic Terrane: __________________ h. CT—Coastal Terrane: __________________

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Page 1: The Geology of Pacific and Lab 4: Accreted · The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes Lab 4: Accreted Terranes Lab PART 2: Use the following rock assemblages

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes  Lab 4: Accreted Terranes Lab 

NAME_________________________ DATE _______________ 

 In this lab you will be creating a map based on the major accreted terranes of the 

Western coast of North America, mainly in Oregon. The thing about accreted terranes is that, geologically, they are a mess. They have everything you could possibly imagine in them, sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks, continental rocks, oceanic rocks, fossils, etc. In fact, they are so messy the crazy geology is usually called a mélange (the French word for mixture). So, today you are going to create your own map of these accreted terranes and you are going to decipher what type of accreted terrane they are based on their rock assemblage.  PART 1: I. You will need to assemble your map by cutting out your accreted terranes and 

gluing them to the map based on the borders shown and the cities on both the terranes and the main map.  

II. Once your terranes are glued onto the main map you will color them based on their age and names: 

a. IMT—Intermontane Terrane: Middle to late Jurassic Accretion BLUE b. OB—Omineca Belt: Middle to late Jurassic Accretion RED  c. KT—Klamath Terrane: Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous GREEN d. CPC—Coast Plutonic Complex: Middle Cretaceous YELLOW e. EOT—Eastern Oregon Terranes: Middle Cretaceous PURPLE f. INT—Insular Super Terrane: Middle to late Cretaceous LIGHT BLUE g. OT—Olympic Terrane: Tertiary ORANGE h. CT—Coastal Terrane: Tertiary to present BROWN 

 III. Now, using the attached geologic timeline, tell me the approximate ages of each of 

the terranes and volcanic arcs: a. Intermontane Terrane: __________________  

b. OB—Omineca Belt: __________________ 

c. KT—Klamath Terrane: __________________ 

d. CPC—Coast Plutonic Complex: __________________ 

e. EOT—Eastern Oregon Terranes: __________________ 

f. INT—Insular Super Terrane: __________________  g. OT—Olympic Terrane: __________________ 

h. CT—Coastal Terrane: __________________ 

Page 2: The Geology of Pacific and Lab 4: Accreted · The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes Lab 4: Accreted Terranes Lab PART 2: Use the following rock assemblages

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes  Lab 4: Accreted Terranes Lab 

PART 2: 

Use the following rock assemblages to tell me what type of terrane each of the 7 Terranes are mapped above. A description is given for each type of terrane first, named A, B, C, or D. After each rock assemblage for the 7 Terranes there is a blank space to list the type of terrane(s) related to it. (Know that sometimes these terranes occur together, so there can be more than one answer.) 

A. Ophiolite: a section of oceanic crust that contains from top to bottom: ultramafic rocks, gabbro, sheeted dikes, pillow basalts, silicious ooze 

B. Volcanic Island Arc: Erupted volcanic rocks intruded by numerous diorite, granodiorite, and granite bodies that intruded into the island arcs.  

C. Oceanic Plateaus: Some of the rocks are limestone formed from coral reefs in a marine environment Also contains submarine fans similar to those currently being formed on the continental slope off the west coast. 

D. Continental Volcanic Arc: Extensive folding, faulting, and metamorphism due to convergence of a oceanic plate, widespread intrusion by granites. 

 I. Intermontane Terrane contains erupted volcanic rocks and intruded by granitic 

rocks and packets of limestone and coral fossils.__________________  II. Omineca Belt consists of a wide spread area of mainly of granite and gneiss (a 

metamorphic rock consisting of dark and light mineral bands). _________________ 

III. Klamath Terrane  Ryolite and andesite intruded by granites. Limestone pockets and coral fossils. Also contains sheeted dikes and pillow lavas. _______________ 

IV. Coast Plutonic Complex: Massive amounts of molten granite injected in this area metamorphosing local country rock into a glittering medium‐grade metamorphic rock called schist. __________________ 

V. Eastern Oregon Terranes consists of volcanic rocks like andesite, intruded by numerous diorite, granodiorite, and granite bodies . Laos contains sequences of volcanic sediments with limestone and fossils of coral reefs. These aforementioned sequences are sandwiched pillow basalts, gabbros and sheeted dikes. __________________ 

VI. Insular Super Terrane:  contains erupted volcanic rocks and intruded by granitic rocks and packets of limestone and coral fossils. __________________ 

VII. Olympic Terrane contains a lot of basalt and pillow basalts. Also contains Also contains submarine fans similar to those currently being formed on the continental slope off the west coast.: __________________ 

VIII. Coastal Terrane contains gabbro and a large amount of basalt. Also contains submarine fans similar to those currently being formed on the continental slope off the west coast.__________________ 

    

Page 3: The Geology of Pacific and Lab 4: Accreted · The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes Lab 4: Accreted Terranes Lab PART 2: Use the following rock assemblages

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes  Lab 4: Accreted Terranes Lab 

Geological Society of America Time Scale: http://www.geosociety.org/science/timescale/timescl.pdf