the getty vocabularies · • the getty vocabularies are structured ... was a farm laborer employed...

31 October 2016 Harpring, Abridged Overview: Getty Vocabularies 1

The Getty Vocabularies: The BasicsOverview: Abridged Version

Patricia HarpringManaging EditorGetty Vocabulary Program

October 2016

Discover, link, access, retrieve, research, catalogue, index

Patricia Harpring © 2016 J. Paul Getty Trust. For educational purposes. Images may be subject to additional copyright


Table of Contents▪ Preface …………………………………………………………. 3

▪ Context of the Getty Vocabularies …………….... 9

▪ Getty Vocabularies: One by One ………………… 19

▪ AAT ……………………………………………………………….. 21

▪ ULAN ……………………………………………………………. 24

▪ TGN ……………………………………………………………… 26

▪ CONA ……………………………………………………………. 28

▪ IA ………………………………………………………………….. 39

▪ Compiling and Disseminating ………………...... 42

▪ Appendix: LOD Sample use case, “censers” … 48



• Publications and online resources:• This presentation is a condensed

introduction of the Getty vocabularies, AAT, TGN, ULAN, and the resources in development, CONA and IA

• Begin on this page• Links to data releases, how to

contribute, search the online data

www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/index.html

PREFACE





PREFACE

• Publications and online resources:

• Editorial guidelines• Training materials• How to translate• Other materials


www.getty.edu/research/publications/electronic_publications/intro_controlled_vocab/

For basic information on vocabularies, see Introduction to Controlled Vocabularies(Harpring, Baca editor, revised 2013) and its bibliography

Defines the characteristics, scope, and uses of controlled vocabularies for art and cultural materials, and explains how vocabularies should be integrated in cataloging systems and utilized for indexing and retrieval

Available in hardcopy and online

Translated in Portuguese in 2016

PREFACE

NEW: Portuguese translation is now available in hardcopy & PDF• Published by ACAM Portinari.

www.sisemsp.org.br/images/Publicacoes/Vocabularios%20Controlados%20‐%20Digital.pdf



www.getty.edu/research/publications/electronic_publications/cdwa/index.html

For basic information on cataloging and standards for art information, see Categories for the Description of Works of Art (CDWA), and Cataloging Cultural Objects (CCO), a subset of the CDWA

Guidelines and the set of required “core” fields, among over 500 total fields, were the result of consensus of participants representing diverse professional communities from several nations:

Art museums, art history community, archives, art libraries, special collections

CDWA and CCO are complementary to the professional standards of their communities

To inform use of other professional standards; maps to other standards

PREFACE



www.getty.edu/research/publications/electronic_publications/intrometadata/crosswalks.html

PREFACE


CDWACCOCONACIDOC CRM LIDO CDWA LiteVRA CoreMARC/AACR RDF MODSDublin CoreDACSEADObject IDCIMIFDA Guide


www.getty.edu/publications/intrometadata/

PREFACE

Introduction to Metadata provides an overview of metadata, including its types, roles, and characteristics; a discussion of metadata as it relates to web resources; and a description of methods, tools, standards, and protocols for publishing and disseminating digital collections

This revised edition is an indispensable resource in the field, addressing advances in standards such as linked open data, changes in intellectual property law, and new computing technologies, and offering an expanded glossary of essential terms



Context of the Getty VocabulariesDiscover, link, access, retrieve, research, catalogue, index



• A controlled and structured vocabulary is an organized arrangement of words and phrases

• Typically includes preferred and variant terms• Has a defined scope or describes a specific domain

What are controlled and structured vocabularies?

Purpose of Vocabularies

• To provide terminology to catalog and retrieve information• To capture the richness of variant terms• For some users, to promote consistency in assignment

of the same terms to similar content• In retrieval, to utilize variants and broader/narrower contexts,

as well as other links• A rich vocabulary may be a knowledge base in itself, containing

useful terms, definitions, and links to other resources



The Getty VocabulariesDiscover, link, access, retrieve, research, catalog, index


Catherine wheel or rose window? Mona Lisa or La Gioconda?

• The Getty Vocabularies are structured vocabularies that comply with national and international standards for thesaurus construction

• They contain multilingual terminology and other related data for art, architecture, other cultural heritage works, conservation, archaeology, archival materials, visual surrogates, and bibliographic materials

• The Getty vocabularies allow for categorization, indexing, and powerful retrieval of information

• For each concept, a preferred term is flagged, representing common usage in authoritative sources; users may choose that term, or use any of the other terms in the record



• Art & Architecture Thesaurus ®AAT = terms for generic concepts, relationships, other data

• (e.g., watercolors, 玉器, amphora, asa-no-ha-toji)• Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names ®

TGN = names for administrative, physical places, relationships, historical information, coordinates, other data• (e.g., Diospolis, Acalán, Ottoman Empire, Ganges River)

• Union List of Artist Names ®ULAN = names for people, corporate bodies, biography, relationships, other data• (e.g., Christopher Wren, Altobelli & Molins, Anp'yŏng Taegun)

• Cultural Objects Name Authority ®CONA = not only titles/names of art and architecture

• (e.g., Mona Lisa, Livre de la Chasse, Chayasomesvara Temple)• In development: CONA links rich metadata for works to allow a conduit for research and discovery

in the broader, ever expanding arena of digital art history

• Getty Iconography Authority• (e.g., Adoration of the Magi, Zeus, French Revolution, Der Ring des Nibelungen, Reclining Buddha)

• In development: Now a module of CONA, includes names for iconographical narratives, religious or fictional characters, historical events, names of literary works and performing arts



The Getty VocabulariesDiscover, link, access, retrieve, research, catalog, index


Vocabularies are used to index a work recordRecord Type: itemClassification: prints and drawingsWork Type: drawing renderingTitle: BultoCreator Display: rendered by Eldora P. Lorenzini (American, 1910-1993)Index: Eldora P. Lorenzini (American, 1910-1993)

Role: renderedMaterials display: watercolor, pen, and ink on paperIndex: watercolor pen ink graphite laid paperDimensions: overall: 55.9 x 40.2 cm (22 x 15 13/16 in.) Value: 55.9 Unit: cm Type: height Value: 40.2 Unit: cm Type: widthCreation Date: 1938 Start: 1938 End: 1938Current Location: National Gallery of Art (Washington, DC, USA)Repository number: 1943.8.16638 Creation Location: Santa Fe (New Mexico, USA)General Subject: another work religion & mythologySpecific Subject:Bulto, Andrés Garcia sculpture figures bulto farming plow oxenSt. IsadoreSource: Folk Arts of the Spanish Southwest from the Index of American Design; Object 16 of 25Related Work: Bulto. Fray Andrés Garcia. 18th century. Location Unknown. Relationship Type: depictsDescription: Isidore, the patron saint of farmers and protector of crops, was a farm laborer employed by a wealthy landowner near Madrid in the early twelfth century. According to legend, Isidore spent so many hours in prayer that he was in danger of falling behind with his farming chores. As a reward for his exceptional piety, divine intervention dispatched an angel to help Isidore finish his plowing on schedule. This miraculous event is the subject of an eighteenth-century New Mexican devotional sculpture, or bulto. The most important figure in a bulto's composition was typically represented as the largest, sacred hierarchy triumphing over naturalism. This is why Isidore towers above the angel, who in turn outranks the oxen, surpassing them in scale. Bultos such as this one were placed in both homes and churches to help enlist a saint's intercession on behalf of a prayerful supplicant. This sculpture of Saint Isidore is attributed to a Franciscan friar, Fray Andres Garcia. Unfortunately, the face of Saint Isidore has been repainted at least once or twice, and a conclusive attribution is not possible. The Franciscans established missions in New Mexico, the northern frontier of Spanish America, which was first settled at the end of the sixteenth century. Fray Andrés Garcia was a Franciscan friar born in la Puebla de los Angeles, Mexico.

.

ULAN

AAT

AAT

ULANTGN

AATCONA

IA



Record Type: itemClassification: prints and drawingsWork Type: drawing renderingTitle: BultoCreator Display: rendered by Eldora P. Lorenzini (American, 1910-1993)Index: Eldora P. Lorenzini (American, 1910-1993)

Role: renderedMaterials display: watercolor, pen, and ink on paperIndex: watercolor pen ink graphite laid paperDimensions: overall: 55.9 x 40.2 cm (22 x 15 13/16 in.) Value: 55.9 Unit: cm Type: height Value: 40.2 Unit: cm Type: widthCreation Date: 1938 Start: 1938 End: 1938Current Location: National Gallery of Art (Washington, DC, USA)Repository number: 1943.8.16638 Creation Location: Santa Fe (New Mexico, USA)General Subject: another work religion & mythologySpecific Subject:Bulto, Andrés Garcia sculpture figures bulto farming plow oxenSt. Isadore

ULAN

AAT

AAT

ULANTGN

AATCONA

IA

AAT


Vocabularies are used to index a work record


• History of the Getty Vocabularieso The AAT, ULAN, and TGN were begun in the mid-1980s; CONA and IA in 2004

o To meet the needs of the art museum, visual resources, archives, and art library communities

o Authoritative vocabularies to aid in the indexing and retrieval of art information

o The vocabularies are compiled through contributions from qualified and trained contributors (museums, art libraries, bibliographic indexing projects, national and international translation projects)

o AAT, ULAN, TGN, CONA, and IA have same core data structure and same core editorial rules

o We (Vocabulary Program and technical team) provide instruction for use of and contribution to the Getty vocabularies at conferences and in online training materials



Compiled, merged, edited, and published by the Getty Vocabulary Program and our technical team; refreshed every two weeks

Data is made available in various ways: via online searching; Web services APIs; licensed relational tables and XML format annual releases [will be discontinued]

Now as Linked Open Data: structured and published to make it openly accessible and shareable on the Semantic Web

Open Data Commons Attribution License (ODC-By) v1.0

More open license, allows sharing, creation, adaptation of data with attribution



• Getty vocabularies are compliant with / map to standards: o CDWA (Categories for the Description of Works of Art)o CCO (Cataloging Cultural Objects)o VRA Core (Visual Resources Association core categories)o LIDO (Lightweight Information Describing Objects)o CIDOC CRM (CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model) (ISO 21127:2006)

o etc.o Getty vocabularies are thesauri compliant with national (NISO) and

international (ISO) standards for thesaurus construction



Thesaurus: A semantic network of unique concepts

Thesauri may be monolingual or multilingual

Thesauri may have the following three relationships:

Equivalence Relationships Hierarchical Relationships Associative Relationships Objects Facet

.... Furnishings and Equipment

........ Containers

............ <culinary containers>

................ <vessels for serving / consuming food>

.................... rhyta

hierarchical

associative

stirrup cupscoaching glasseshunting glasses

sturzbechersSturzbecherstortebekers

distinguished from

equivalence

What Is a Thesaurus?

rhytarhytonrhytonsrhearheonrheonsritón

equivalence



Getty Vocabularies: One by OneDiscover, link, access, retrieve, research, catalogue, index



• AAT is multilingual; large translation projects are underway• Centro de Documentación de Bienes Patrimoniales, Chile; Netherlands Institute for Art History

(RKD); Academia Sinica of Taiwan; the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin Preussischer Kulturbesitz

• AAT grows through contributions, translations and others, e.g., GCI for conservation terms, multicultural terms for indigenous cultures’ works; contributors and sources are cited

• The scope is global: AAT includes generic terms to describe art, architecture, decorative arts, design, artifacts, other material culture, visual surrogates, archival materials, archaeology, and conservation

• The major subdivisions (facets) are the following:

AAT, the Art & Architecture Thesaurus®, includes generic terms, relationships, sources, and scope notes for work types, materials, styles, cultures, processes, techniques, activities, roles, and abstract concepts.

Art & Architecture Thesaurus ®


Brand Names


CONA ID: 700008890Titles: [Young boy seated on a chair], 1890Author/Creator: Calamita, PierreCreation Date: 1890Descriptive Note: Physical Desc.: Mount Size/Style: Mounted 105 mm. x 63 mm. Positive Process: Albumen Negative Process: Glass. Photographers’ credit on verso, stating he is the successor to O. Schoefft. Signature/Stamp: Printed photographer's logo on verso.Work type: cartes-de-visiteGeneral Subjects: portrait

Keywords: Portrait, studioFormat:Still imageCoverage:Cairo (Egypt)ID/Acc. No.:2008.R.3 Jacobson number: 2574Is Part Of:Ken and Jenny Jacobson Orientalist Photography CollectionSee Also:Collection descriptionUse Restrictions:Digital images and files saved from this website should be suitable for most purposes.Persistent Link:http://hdl.handle.net/10020/2008r3_2574

Thesaural structure

Work type: carte-de-visite

Sub-facets (called “hierarchies”) establish the context of the term

Guide terms in angled brackets



Indexers may choose the term that best describes the work

The concept and each term are identified by unique numeric IDs

e.g., singular for a single item, language Some systems or local cataloging rules do not allow

linking at the term level

CONA ID: 700008890Titles: [Young boy seated on a chair], 1890Author/Creator: Calamita, PierreCreation Date: 1890Descriptive Note: Physical Desc.: Mount Size/Style: Mounted 105 mm. x 63 mm. Positive Process: Albumen Negative Process: Glass. Photographers’ credit on verso, stating he is the successor to O. Schoefft. Signature/Stamp: Printed photographer's logo on verso.Work type: cartes-de-visiteGeneral Subjects: portrait

Keywords: Portrait, studioFormat:Still imageCoverage:Cairo (Egypt)ID/Acc. No.:2008.R.3 Jacobson number: 2574Is Part Of:Ken and Jenny Jacobson Orientalist Photography CollectionSee Also:Collection descriptionUse Restrictions:Digital images and files saved from this website should be suitable for most purposes.Persistent Link:http://hdl.handle.net/10020/2008r3_2574

Thesaural structure

Work type: carte-de-visite


AAT subject_id 300127141

term_id 1000127141

term_id 1000299275

term_id 1000271610

term_id 1000271607

term_id 1000271609

term_id 1000271613

term_id 1000606079

term_id 1000606080

term_id 1000438273

term_id 1000438274


Sample record

ID: 300132869

Terms: bobbin lace (pref, en) bone lace (en) cushion lace (en) 梭心蕾絲 (zh) 線軸編織花邊 (zh) kloskant (nl) dentelle aux fuseaux (fr) encaje de bolillos (es) encaje de bolillo (es) Klöppelspitze (de) Klöppelspitzen (de)

Associative Relationshipsrequires ... lace pillows (<textile

fabricating tools and equipment>...Objects Facet) [300132869]

.Objects Facet

... Visual & Verbal Communication

..... Visual Works

....... visual works (works)

......... <visual works by material >

........... needlework (visual works)

............. lace (needlework)

............... bobbin lace

Note: With "needle lace," one of two primary types of handmade lace. It is characterized by being made by ...

Chinese (traditional) ..... 與「針織蕾絲（needle lace）」同為主要的手工蕾絲，其特色是以纏繞於線軸或梭心...

Dutch ..... Een van de twee belangrijkste soortenmet de hand vervaardigde kant; 'naaldkant' is ...

German ..... Zusammen mit der “Nadelspitze” eine der wichtigsten...

Spanish ..... Junto a "encaje a aguja", uno de los dos tipos principales de …

Contributors: VP,CHIN,AS,RKD,IfM-SMB-PK,CDPB-DIBAMSources: Earnshaw, Clabburn, Needleworker's Dictionary (1976); Identification of Lace, 2d ed. (1984); Ginsburg, Illustrated History of Textiles (1991)

AAT, the Art & Architecture Thesaurus®

Hierarchical Relationships (poly)

preferred flagged, but not required to use it; based on local rules

Patricia Harpring © 2016 J. Paul Getty Trust. Images may be subject to additional copyright


• ULAN is multilingual• The scope is global; ranges from prehistory to the present• ULAN includes current & historical relationships (e.g., student-teacher, firm-member)• ULAN contains hierarchical, equivalence, & associative relationships• ULAN grows through contributions from expert users, scholars, & art repositories

(e.g., GRISC finding aids); contributors and sources are cited

• Major subdivisions include the following:People who are artists, Corporate bodies (studios, firms, repositories), People who are not artists, Unknown people by culture (e.g., unknown Aztec), and Unidentified named people (e.g., Reverend Smith [unidentified])

ULAN, the Union List of Artist Names®, includes names, appellations (e.g., Master of …), dates, sources, relationships, nationality, and life roles for artists, architects, firms, studios, repositories, patrons, sitters, and other individuals and corporate bodies, both named and anonymous.

Union List of Artist Names ®



Sample record

ULAN, the Union List of Artist Names®

ID: 500115493

Names: Dürer, Albrecht (pref,de,en) Albrecht DürerDuerer, Albrecht (en) Durer, Albrecht (en) Durero, Alberto (it) Durerus, Albertus (la) Direr, Albreht Djurer, Albrecht Dyura , AlbrechtDi rers, Albrehts Alberto Duro Tedesco デューラー, アルブレヒト (ja) 阿尔布雷希特·丢勒 (zh)

Nationalities: German (pref) Bavarian

Roles: artist (preferred) painter printmaker engraver (printmaker) woodcutter draftsman illustrator designer mathematician theorist portraitist religious artist

Gender: male

Display biographyGerman printmaker and painter, 1471-1528Birth and Death Dates: Birth: 1471 Death: 1528Birth and Death Places: Born: Nuremberg (Bavaria, Germany) (inhab place)Died: Nuremberg (Bavaria, Germany) (inhab place)Events: active: Nuremberg (Bavaria, Germany) (inhab pl) active: Venice (Veneto, Italy) (inhabited place)

Associative Relationships:apprentice of Wolgemut, Michael; 1486 to 1489 ..............(German painter, printmaker, 1434/1437-1519) child of Dürer, Albrecht, the elder .............(German goldsmith, 1427-1502) founder of ...Albrecht Dürer Workshop ............. (German workshop, established 1495)patron was ...Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor ............. (Roman emperor, 1459-1519) Contributors: VP,JPGM,Avery,WCI,Prov,GRLPSC,BHA,CCASources: Bartrum, Albrecht Dürer and his Legacy (2002); Bénézit, Dictionnaire des Peintres (1976; Bartsch, Le peintre graveur.

AAT

TGN



• TGN is multilingual; the scope is global; it ranges from prehistory to the present• TGN focuses on places important to art and material culture• TGN includes current and historical cities, nations, and empires• TGN includes real places, not mythical or legendary; however, TGN includes formerly

inhabited places and historical places with unknown exact locations ( “lost settlements”)• TGN is a thesaurus, compliant with international standards for thesaurus construction; it

contains hierarchical (polyhierarchical), equivalence, & associative relationships• TGN includes current and historical relationships• TGN is not a GIS (Geographic Information System), but may be linked to maps & GIS • TGN grows through contributions from the expert user and scholar communities, large

national geographic databases; contributors and sources are cited

• Major subdivisions include continents, nations, empiresWorld (Africa, Alexandrian Empire, Antarctica, Asia, Europe, Holy Roman Empire, etc.); Extraterrestrial Places (Milky Way Galaxy, etc.)

TGN, the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names®, includes names, relationships, dates, sources, and coordinates for current & historical cities, nations, empires, archaeological sites, & physical features.

Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names ®



Sample record

TGN, the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names®

Place TypesHierarchical Rels. (polyhierarchical)

Associative Rels

AAT

Patricia Harpring © 2016 J. Paul Getty Trust. Images may be subject to additional copyright


• CONA is multilingual; the scope is global; ranges from prehistory to the present• CONA includes current and historical relationships (e.g., folios for a lost manuscript)• CONA is compliant with Categories for the Description of Works of Art (CDWA) and

Cataloging Cultural Objects (CCO); mapping to CIDOC CRM being investigated• CONA is a thesaurus, compliant with international standards for thesaurus construction• CONA contains hierarchical (polyhierarchical), equivalence, & associative relationships• Minimum data includes title or name, work type, creator, creation date, materials,

dimensions, subject, geographic location (for architecture) or repository and repository ID • CONA grows through contributions from art repositories, expert users, and scholars

• Major subdivisions include the following: Built Works, Movable Works, Visual Surrogates, Conceptual Works, Unidentified Named Works

CONA, the Cultural Objects Name Authority®, is a new resource available for contributions. CONA compiles titles, creator attributions, depicted subjects, physical characteristics, and other metadata about works of art, architecture, and cultural heritage, both extant and historical. Sources include museum collections, special collections, archives, libraries, scholarly research, conservation projects, and documentation projects. CONA is linked to AAT, TGN, ULAN, and IA.

Cultural Objects Name Authority ®



The simplified entity-relationship diagram for CONA (compliant with CDWA / CCO)

AAT

ULAN

TGN

IconographyAuthority

CONA (Work Records) Source Records



Sample record

CONA, the Cultural Objects Name Authority®

ID: 700001950

Titles:Shiva met de maan in het haar (nl)Shiva with the Moon in his Hair (en)

Catalog Level: item

Work Types:sculpture (visual work)

Classifications:sculpture (preferred)

Creation Date: 1000/1200Creator Display:anoniemsculptor: unknown Chola

Locations:Current: Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands) AK-MAK-1291; RM001.collect.910; Bruikleenvan de Vereniging van Vrienden der Aziatische KunstCreation: Tamil Nādu (India)Materials: bronze foundingDimensions: 40 cm (height) x 24cm (width) x 10.5 (depth)Events: exhibition: Metamorfoze/Geheugenproject Willem Witsen

Cultures:Indian CholaGeneral Subject:human figure(s) (preferred )religion and mythologySpecific Subjects:Shivá (Hindu iconography)mudrā (pose, <visual and representational concepts>)[link to Iconclass]Contributors: Rijksmuseum;VP Sources: Rijksmuseum XML file

TGNULAN

AATAATTGNULANCONACONA IA

AAT

AAT

ULAN

• CONA links work records to Getty vocabularies


IAAAT


CONA, the Cultural Objects Name Authority®

AAT

ULAN

Associative Relationship

TGN

AATTGNULANCONACONA IA

AAT

Sample record


Type: isness

Type: dedication IA

Hierarchical Relationship


CONA merges metadata from multiple sources in one record

CONA ID: 700000178Catalog Level itemClassification paintingsWork Type panel painting | altarpieceTitle Adoration of the Magi

Adorazione dei Magi (repository title)Creator Bartolo di Fredi (Sienese painter, active by 1353, died 1410)Creation Date [display] ca. 1385; some scholars date it after 1395execution Start Date 1382 End Date 1387alternative date Start Date 1395 End Date 1409General Subject religion and mythology | human figuresSpecific | Adoration of the Magi Extent: foreground | Siena | horses | Holy Family | gold | frankincense | myrrh | Journey of the Magi Extent: background | king | deity | death | Epiphany | Three Ages of ManCurrent Location Pinacoteca Nazionale di Siena (Siena, Italy); Repository No no. 104Dimensions 195 x 158 cm (76 x 61 5/8 inches)Mat & Tech tempera on panelContributors BHA VP CD PNS GRI-PA Sources Pinacoteca Nazionale di Siena (2002-); Boucher and Fiorini, Magi Reconstructed (2012); Cole, Sienese Painting (1985); Freuler, Bartolo di Fredi (1994); Harpring, Bartolo di Fredi (1992)

• CONA ID uniquely identifies the work in LOD world• Repository title is flagged, others included• Date of execution is in dispute: The display of the

CONA record prefers the date espoused by the Repository, but other scholarly opinions are included



Top of CONA.... Movable Works........ Stanza della Segnatura cycle ............ School of Athens (Raphael; fresco; 1508-1511;

Vatican)

hierarchical

associative

CONA ID 700008512School of Athens (Raphael; chalk on paper; 1508; BibliotecaAmbrosiana, Milan, Italy)

School of AthensSchule von AthenScuola di AteneÉcole d'AthènesSchool van AtheneΣχολή Αθηνών雅典学校

equivalence

CONA ID 700008513School of Athens (Raphael, fresco, Vatican)

CONA ID 700008433Stanza della Segnatura (built work, room, Stanze di Raffaello, Palazzo Apostolico (Vatican City, Italy))

Linking to architectural context in this case should be done at level of the cycle, if possible

RELATIONSHIPSIncludes basic thesaural relationshipsAs well as many other links


CONA contains rich data with critical links and relationships


CONA ID 700008517 Classification: prints and drawingsWork Type: etchingTitle: The Dissipation;Creator: Jacques Callot (French, 1592-1635)Mat & Tech: etchingSource: Lieure, no. 1407State 2 of 3Current Location: National Gallery of Art (Washington, DC); R.L. Baumfeld Collection; 1969.15.833.

• Whole/part relationships for groups, subgroups, items

• CONA can accommodate links that a repository would maintain

Hierarchical relationshipsPossible links in CONA



CONA ID 700008516 Catalog Level: component Class: manuscript Work Type: illuminationTitle: 98 Verso in Códice TudelaCreator: unknown Aztec Creation Date: ca. 1553Current Location: Museo de América in Madrid (Madrid, Spain); N Inv.: 70.400; España Siglo XVIDimensions: 21 x 15,5 cm; 125 leaves

CONA ID 700008515 Catalog Level: volume Class: manuscript Work Type: codexTitle: Códice Tudela Title: Codex TudelaCreator: unknown Aztec Creation Date: ca. 1553Current Location: Museo de América in Madrid (Madrid, Spain); N Inv.: 70.400; España Siglo XVIDimensions: 21 x 15,5 cm; 125 leavesCreator: illuminations: unknown Tenochtitlán; text in Catalan by a FranciscanfriarCulture: TenochtitlánSubject: religion & mythologyAztec calendarlords of the nightday signsbirds of the daygenre scenesDescriptive: consta de 125 páginas con pinturas realizadas por un tlacuiloindígena y textos escritos en castellano por un misionero.. Folios 98 verso and 99 recto, showing aspects of the Aztec calendar: the birds of the day, the lords of the night, and the day signs. The Codex Tudela, named after José Tudela de la Orden, is a 16th century pictorial Aztec codex. It is based on the same prototype as the Codex Magliabechiano, the Codex Ixtlilxochitl, and other documents of the Magliabechiano Group. Little is known about the codex's history. The Spanish government bought the manuscript when it was rediscovered in 1940, and it is now held by the Museo de América in Madrid. Aztec manuscript circa 1553. Many aspects of Aztec life, customs, and rituals are represented. Es un códice realizado en la Escuela de Pintura fundada por los franciscanos en México, Tenochtitlán, De tipo ritual-calendárico y etnográfico constituye una importante fuente para el estudio de la religión en relación con los dioses venerados, forma de representarlos, fiestas dadas en su honor, la división del calendario ritual así como de elementos relativos a la vida cotidiana en el México prehispánico.

Hierarchical relationships

• Whole/Part Relationships• May have associated Dates: display,

earliest, latest for the relationship• Record relationship numbers (e.g., 98 v) in

Hierarchy Qualifier field• May also be a Title for the page

Works are linked to each other

Broader Context: Códice TudelaRelationship Type: Whole/partQualifier: 98 verso



CONA ID 700000091Classification printsWork Type: woodcut (print)Title The Great Wave

Kanagawa oki nami uraUnder the Wave off Kanagawa

Creator Katsushika Hokusai (Japanese, 1760–1849)Creation Date : ca. 1830/1832General Subject seascapesSpecific | Kanagawa | sea | wave | Mount FujiCurrent Location Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, New York); JP1847Dimensions diameter: 8 1/4 inches (21 cm)Mat & Tech: polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paperStyle EdoRelationships: from the series Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji (Fugaku sanjūrokkei)

• Multiples: Works created from same blocks, plate, negative, molds

• Example: woodcut prints made from the same blocks

Works records are linked to each otherHierarchical relationship

• Here is a record for one item, a woodcut in the Met, printed from blocks by Hokusai

• Other items were also printed from the same blocks, making this work an example of a “multiple”

• How to record multiples? See next slide.



CONA ID 700000091 Cat. Level: item Class: prints Work Type: color woodcut Title: Great Wave at Kanagawa; Creator: Katsushika Hokusai (Japanese, 1760-1849); published by Nishimura Eijudo (Japanese, 19th century)Mat & Tech: woodcut, polychrome ink and color on paperDimensions: 25.7 x 37.9 cm (10 1/8 x 14 15/16 inches)Subject: landscape Specific: Mount Fuji ocean waveCurrent Location: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York, USA), JP1847.

• Non-preferred Whole/Part for a series and items belonging to conceptual series

• Conceptual multiples relationship (like FRBR “Work” (– not CDWA “work”))

CONA ID 700008518 Cat. Level: series Class: printsWork Type: color woodcutsTitle: Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji: First SeriesTitle: First Series: Mt. Fuji ViewsCreator Display: Katsushika Hokusai (Japanese, 1760–1849); published by Eijudo Japan Creation Date 1827-1837 Subject: landscape Specific: Mount Fuji ocean genre scenes meisho-eCurrent Location: not applicable Style: EdoDimensions: 36 prints, average plate size: 24 x 37 cmMat & Tech: and Techniques: woodcuts, polychrome ink and color on paperDescription: Hokusai produced two series of Views of Mt. Fuji. This is the first series

Unique physical itemis linked to conceptual record for the print as a concept, which in turn is linked to a series

Works records are linked to each otherHierarchical relationship

multiples multiples multiples multiples multiples

---- series ----



• Movable works may be linked to built works

CONA ID 700008539 Work Type: photographTitle: Case Study House No. 21Creator: Julius ShulmanCurrent Location: GRI Special Collections, Getty Center (Los Angeles, California); 2004.R.10-26622-32-LF

CONA ID 700000120 Work Type: architectural drawingTitle: Case Study House No. 21Creator: Pierre KoenigCurrent Location: GRI Special Collections, Getty Center (Los Angeles, California) 2006.M.30-

CONA ID 700000090 Work Type: house Title: Case Study House No. 21Title: Bailey House Title: CSH #21Creator: architect: Pierre Koenig Creation Date: 1956-1958; renovated 1998 Dimensions: 1 story, 1320 square feet, 4 rooms and 2 baths, on a 110 x 160 foot lotMat & Tech: and Techniques: steel frame and flat roof deckCurrent Location: Los Angeles (California, USA) Address: 1635 Woods Drive

photographdrawing

house

Associative relationship



• CONA could virtually reconstruct disassembled works

• Held in different repositories or locations• Common with manuscripts, paintings, sculpture,

architecture, etc.

CONA ID 700008554 Proposed reconstruction of Matteo di Giovanni’s Asciano Altarpiece by Rachel Billinge. Extant panels are now in National Gallery London, Siena, Asciano, Villa I Tatti, Esztergom, Altenburg, Rhode Island, and Private Collections.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN WORKS CONA could virtually reunite disassembled or lost works, or works conceived but not executed



• IA is multilingual; scope is global; includes topics from all places and periods• IA includes the proper names of subjects referenced in art and cultural heritage but not

covered by the other Getty vocabularies (AAT = generic concepts, TGN = real places, ULAN = real people, CONA = names of art objects and architecture)

• IA is compliant with the Subject Authority of CDWA (Categories for the Description of Works of Art) and the Subject Authority of CCO (Cataloging Cultural Objects)

• IA is a thesaurus, compliant with international standards for thesaurus construction• IA contains hierarchical (polyhierarchical), equivalence, & associative relationships• IA grows through contributions to CONA, and independently from expert users, scholars, and

repositories of art • Includes links to resources such as Iconclass and US Library of Congress authorities• As of this writing, IA is a module within CONA; over time, IA will become a standalone authority

• IA includes the following major subdivisions: Legend, Religion, Mythology; Literature and Performing Arts; Named Events; Miscellaneous (Miscellaneous Allegory, Symbolism; Characters; Legendary Places; Themes and Narrative)

IA, the Getty Iconography Authority™, is a new resource available for contributions. It includes named events, religious & mythological iconography, fictional characters & places, themes from literature.

Getty Iconography Authority ™



Sample record

AAT links role/characteristic is ... bodhisattvasymbolic attribute is ... lotusculture/religion is ... Mahayana (Buddhism)culture/religion is ... Theravada (Buddhism) Associative Relationships associated with .... Krishna (Hindu iconography)counterpart is …. Guanyin (Buddhist iconography)

Note The bodhisattva of infinite compassion and mercy; embodies the compassion of all Buddhas. This bodhisattva is portrayed in different cultures as either female or male…

Contributors & sources[VP] Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-); Bowker, Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1997); Huntington, Art of Ancient India (1985); LC: LC control no.: sh85010492

AATTGNULANCONA

Names in multiple languages

Users may choose the name appropriate for their needs

Hierarchical Relationships

Getty Iconography Authority



Compiling Vocabularies and Disseminating

Discover, link, access, retrieve, research, catalogue, index



The International Terminology Working Group (ITWG)—a collective of metadata and controlled vocabulary professionals and scholars from North America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East—meet every year or so to discuss four AAT translation Projects (including the Dutch AAT), as well as new projects, the other vocabularies, and overall the challenges and opportunities in developing and maintaining multilingual electronic thesauri for use by cultural heritage institutions


What do we do?

Coordinating contributions• Nurturing relationships

with contributors• Advising re. mapping

their existing data to format for loading into our editorial system

E.g., Szeemannfinding aids to ULAN

• Advising re. translation methodology and content issues

• Meetings and online conversations


Patricia Harpring, 2010 © J. Paul Getty Trust

Merging recordsFinding matchesManual or automated merge, vetted by VP editors

Names Biography Palamedesz., Anthonie Dutch painter, active mid-17th century

Palamedes, Anthonie

Pallemedes, Anthonie Netherlandish artist, 1601-1673Palamedsz., Anthonie

Publishing data• Editorial work

requires normalizing data

• Merging duplicate records

• Dozens of other data issues to correct and normalized to allow efficient use in cataloging and retrieval

What do we do?

birth: 1620 death: 1699

birth: 1601 death: 1673



Patricia Harpring, 2010 © J. Paul Getty Trust

Processing records• Contributors’ data is

loaded and processed by the Getty ITS team and the Vocabulary Program

• Data is merged, normalized, and published

• Exported data is refreshed for users every two weeks

• Releases: Online search, Web services APIs, LOD, [annual XML and relational tables]

VCS: Processing DataSearching, MergingEditing/adding info

Moving/adding links

Exporting DataReports for

quality controlReports forwork flow

Release formatsWeb, APIs, LOD

Batch loading of dataFrom various systems

or from online formsIn our prescribed format

At any time, could be 100s of thousands of candidate records, contributed but still in processEditors have monthly quotas for work done

to allow anticipation of time frame for publicationsto ensure not too much time is spent on unsolvable tasks


www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/lod/index.html


Fencai example: Murtha Baca. © 2016 J. Paul Getty Trust. For educational purposes. Images may be subject to additional copyright

• There are many challenges and barriers to providing access to cultural heritage information

• The multilinguality and semantic links of the Getty vocabularies may aid breaking down some of these barriers

• E.g., different cultures may refer to the style of very similar vases by different terms


Patricia HarpringManaging Editor Getty Vocabulary Program

1200 Getty Center DriveLos Angeles, CA 90049

310/[email protected]



https://prezi.com/om6v5oa-o8ob/getty-vocabularies-as-lod/Sample Use Case in Prezi

Getty Vocabularies used to research “censers”


the getty vocabularies · • the getty vocabularies are structured ... was a farm laborer employed...

Documents