the grower may 2016

KAREN DAVIDSON

Beamsville, Ontario – Thefuture is looking in the pinkright now. That’s what DavidHipple sees as he walks his 150acres of tender fruit orchardsand grape vineyards.

How times have changedsince an industry consultant’sreport from 2010 said,“Fragmentation, lack of collabo-ration and inconsistent applica-tion of quality control tech-niques across the value chaingreatly weaken the industry’svalue proposition to consumers,and ergo, retailers.”

For Hipple and 300 otherOntario tender fruit growers,the criticism stung. Althoughproximity to market is an advantage over Californiapeaches, they realized that thelocal food trend could not carrythem entirely. They needed tosell retailers – and their customers -- on a consistent

eating experience.It’s an industry worthy of

investment with farmgatereceipts in 2015 of $56 million.Of that, peaches in fresh andprocessing forms account fornearly two-thirds of the Ontariocrop value. With those hardnumbers as a backdrop, a strategic plan launched FruitTracker software for orchardand logistics management. Moreobjective quality measurementssuch as brix testing, for example, are now used to evaluate sweetness and appropriate picking times.

“Strategic plans need tacticalexecution,” says Sarah Marshall,manager of the Ontario TenderFruit Growers. “That document helped identify thegaps in knowledge and whereresearch and capital investmentshould be spent to better theindustry. That research andinvestment starts at the growerlevel, but also has to focus onthe needs of the entire

marketing system. A well-executed plan with long termcommitment to change will elevate the profitability of all ofour partners.”

The updated 2013 businessplan identified specific priori-ties: a forced-air cooling bestpractice guideline for harvest2015 and a goal of implementa-tion for 80 per cent of Ontariotender fruit by 2020; a goal of80 per cent grower participation in Fruit Trackerby 2016; an annual innovationworkshop with a goal of 80 percent of Ontario’s tender fruitproduction represented.

Hipple is participating in

several research projects, one ofwhich is the installation of fieldsensors. The idea is to tracktemperatures from the field --by individual skids -- throughthe packing house right throughto the grocery store. Cold chainmanagement is particularlyimportant with tender fruit. Ifpeaches are not cooled properly,the eating experience will becompromised by mealiness.

As Hipple explains, there aredifferent picking containers inorchards: baskets, bins, plastictotes.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 3

MAY 2016 CELEBRATING 137 YEARS AS CANADA’S PREMIER HORTICULTURAL PUBLICATION THEGROWER.ORG

CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT

How Ontario’s tender fruit growers are taking care of business

INSIDELatest packaging trendsdisplayed at CPMA Page 6

Focus: grapes, berries, vineyards and wineries 6

Grower fungicidesurvey Page 31

Volume 66 Number 05P.M. 40012319$3.00 CDN

Ontario’s tender fruit industry is eagerly anticipating the 2016 season with the promise of a loyal consumer market and stronger prices. Several research projects are underwayto improve cold chain management and to ensure a consistent eating experience. Peach and grape farmer David Hipple is one of the research participants near Beamsville,Ontario. Here, he’s pictured in his Harrow Diamond peach orchard with Mexican workers Vincente Perez (closest), Erasmo Grandos and his faithful field supervisor,Cadbury. Photos by Denis Cahill.

Strategic plans need tactical execution.~ SARAH MARSHALL

““

CPMA highlights

The Canadian ProduceMarketing Association (CPMA)held its 91st annual conventionand trade show in Calgary in mid-April. Convention awardsincluded:• Fresh Health Award to BCFresh for its efforts in promotingthe Half your Plate program • The Mary Fitzgerald Award toJennifer Harris , marketing director of Mid-Isle Farms,Albany, Prince Edward Island. • CPMA Lifetime AchievementAward to Tom Byttynen, formerly of Thomas Fresh

Outgoing CPMA chair MikeFuri, The Grocery People, wasrecognized with The PackerCanadian Produce Person of theYear Award.

Congratulations to LarryMcIntosh and his team at Peak ofthe Market for winning CPMA’sMost Creative Booth Award.

CPMA’s Freggie Approved

Product Award was presented toMucci Farms for their innovativeproduct designed for children:Smuccies sweet greenhouse-grown strawberries, picturedabove.

Loblaw to open 50 newstores

Canada’s biggest grocer plansto spend $1B to open 50 newstores and renovate 150 others.The stores are to include vari-ous banners as well as ShoppersDrug Mart locations. No newsyet on where these new storeswill be located.

Loblaw already operatesmore than 2,300 retail storesincluding No Frills and RealCanadian Super Store banners.Loblaw will release its first-quarter results on May 4.

More bloggers on website

The Grower is pleased tointroduce first-generationfarmer Andrew Lovell as a newblogger on our website:www.thegrower.org. Lovellattended New BrunswickCommunity College’s agricul-ture program, graduating in1999. He’s unusal in that hedidn’t grow up on a farm, butfollowed his passion, purchasinga farm in 2012. Andrew and hiswife Jennifer are apple growersat River View Orchards,Keswick, New Brunswick. Thispast winter, they were namedOutstanding Young Farmers forAtlantic Canada.

“Since buying the farm, Iwanted to share my excitementwith kids so maybe they willwant to be farmers someday,”he says. “We have implementeda pilot program with someschools and now, we’re plantingpumpkins in our second schoolin our area. These kids aregoing to get these pumpkinsstarted and then plant them inour fields.”

Andrew Lovell

NEWSMAKERSTHE GROWER

AT PRESS TIME…

PAGE 2 –– MAY 2016

Matthias Oppenlaender is the newchair of Grape Growers of Ontario.German-born, he emigrated in 1984 toCanada where he now farms more than400 acres of vineyards near Niagara-on-the-Lake. He is joined by vice-chairBill Schenck and the following direc-tors: Steve Pohorly, Erwin Wiens, JimMorrison, Brock Puddicombe, DebraMarshall, Scott Wilkins, Kevin Watson,Doug Funk Jr.

Matthias Oppenlaender

Farm & Food Care Ontario has named Andrew Campbell,Strathroy, Ontario, its 2016 recipient of its Champion Award. Thedairy farmer has been a leader in telling agriculture’s story in apositive approach through social media.

Condolences to the family and friends of Dave Lambert,Niagara-on-the-Lake grape grower who passed away in mid-April.He was a former chair of the Ontario Fruit and VegetableGrower’s Association property committee, chair of the FreshGrape Growers’ Marketing Board from 2014-2016 and an avidmember of many agricultural committees. He was 55.

At the Ontario Tender Fruit Growers Association annual generalmeeting, the following board was elected for 2016/17: PhilTregunno, chair; John Thwaites, vice-chair; Dave Enns, DavidHipple, Fred Meyers, Leo Devries, Brock Puddicombe, RustySmith, Ken Porteous. The 2015 Award of Merit honoured AbeEpp, a longtime tender fruit grower for his contributions, particularly to the nectarine industry.

The PEI Wild Blueberry Growers Association will continue withJohn Handrahan as chair after their recent annual meeting. He isjoined by Phillip Jennings, vice-chair, Merrill Wigginton, treasurer, David MacNearney, secretary. Newly elected directoris Leigh Jenkins, joined by Robert MacLean, Kevin Carver,Colin MacAulay and John MacDonald.

Scotian Gold Co-operative based in Coldbrook, Nova Scotia hasannounced the retirement of David Cudmore, CEO, after 33years of service. The company is now helmed by David Parrish,who was previously chief operating officer.

Sylvain Charlebois, frequent TV commentator and contributor tothe Globe and Mail, is leaving the University of Guelph’s FoodInstitute and moving to Halifax. Effective July 1, he becomesdean of the faculty of management and professor in the faculty ofagriculture at Dalhousie University.

Belated welcome to Carolyn Teasdale, British Columbia’s newindustry specialist for berries. Based in Abbotsford, she has takenover from Mark Sweeney, who retired last fall. Look to page 20for a B.C. perspective on spotted wing drosophila.

Condolences to the family and friends of Norman Looney, whobuilt a distinguished career as principal research scientist, PacificAgri-Food Research Centre, Summerland, British Columbia. Hemade significant contributions on Canadian expert committeeson tree fruits as well as presidency of the Canadian Society forHorticultural Science and Agriculture Industry of Canada. One ofhis greatest legacies was the outreach he maintained with theFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and hiswork with states in Eastern Europe, sub-Sarahan and NorthernAfrica. He passed away March 24 in Vancouver, B.C.

Best wishes to Herb Sherwood, advertising sales representative for The Grower for the last nine-and-a-half years. He has been a familiar faceat horticultural trade shows and beenthe friendly telephone voice to our advertisers. He leaves May 31 for awell-earned summer vacation and newopportunities beyond.

Herb Sherwood

L-R, Ron Lemaire, CPMA president; Roshan Advani, CanadianGrocer; Emily Muraccas, Mucci Farms; Mike Furi, The GroceryPeople and 2015/2016 CPMA chair.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1

“We don’t know yet if slowerpicking results in better qualityor how travel time on packinglines are affecting core temperatures.”

Jennifer DeEll, fresh marketquality program lead, OntarioMinistry of Agriculture, Foodand Rural Affairs (OMAFRA)has been studying the susceptibility of Ontario-grownpeach varieties to chilling.Chilling injury, she explains, is genetically influenced, triggeredby a combination of storagetemperature and duration.Symptom intensity and its onsetvaries with cultivar, culturalpractices, fruit maturity at harvest, postharvest handling,growing location and seasons.

In her 2015 project, 7980peaches were tested and tasted.Chilling injury developed fasterand with higher incidence at5°C versus 0°C. When background colour was moregreen than yellow at harvest,fruit would not ripen and softenproperly. Fruit from later harvests often tended to bemore susceptible to chillinginjury. Allstar, Coralstar andGlowingstar peach varietiestend to be prone to bleeding in

the flesh from the pit outward.DeEll is also investigating

temperature conditioning wherepeaches are held at 10°C for twodays prior to cold storage at 0°C.First-year results show substantial reduction in chillinginjury when fruit was preconditioned. Fruit appearedto maintain similar firmness andother quality attributes as thoseplaced quickly into 0°C.

This summer, DeEll willcontinue to rank chilling sus-ceptibility in Ontario peachesand nectarines, including a testat 5°C and using products tocontrol ethylene production.

Vineland’s postharvest specialist Bernard Goyette istracking factors that affect fruitquality from harvest throughretail. Temperature stays fairlyconstant, he reports, but mayrise slightly if the peaches areexposed to direct sunlightbefore they reach the on-sitestorage entrance. Physicalattributes of the dumping container affect the peach. Asmaller picking containerrestricts the distance that fruitcan fall when tipped. Containersize also affects the efficiency ofthe cooling process. Design ofthe dumping system and timeto process through the packingline is important.

Data to date shows that

temperatures rise during transitfrom 2°C to 4°C. Vibrationimpact is minimal. In summary,Goyette says the largest vibration impact is from skidmovement. Cold chain storagetemperatures are difficult tomaintain at optimum levels forpeaches.

No strategic plan would becomplete without thinkingabout genetic innovation. Fasteraccess to Prunus cultivars underOntario conditions is needed.Working with VinelandResearch and InnovationCentre, the Canadian FoodInspection Agency and theUniversity of Guelph, theindustry looks forward to a new,streamlined process for virustesting and micro-propagation ofcommercial quantities of fruittrees.

As Einstein said, the definition of insanity isdoing the same thing overand over again, whileexpecting different results.In the last few years,Ontario’s tender fruitindustry has reinventeditself. Dave Lepp, directorof operations at VinelandGrowers’ Cooperative,observes, “There’s now afuture. I see the next generation of young growers making a difference. They’re tech-savvy. They’re keen.”

Photo right: Tender fruitgrower Ryan Tregunnowatches Loblaw’s PatGilbert conduct a brix teston yellow plums.

MAY 2016 –– PAGE 3 THE GROWER

COVER STORY

How Ontario’s tender fruitgrowers are taking care ofbusiness

NEW ZEALAND

New apple to launch inChina

Bright red and sweet, thenew Breeze apple shouldappeal to the Chinese market,according to ShenzhenYuanxing Fruit. The Chinesepacker, importer and distributorsupplies major retail chains inHong Kong and mainlandChina.

As one of the earliest maturing apples from NewZealand, the apple waslaunched earlier this spring inGuangzhou, Southern China.The variety is owned by NewZealand’s Freshco which hasbeen developing the applesince 2008.

Source: FreshPlaza.com

INTERNATIONAL

VIRGINIA STATE

Bee vectoring tested infight against fire blight

Virginia Tech’s AgriculturalResearch and ExtensionCenter is testing a novel way tocontrol fire blight in apples andpears. The idea is for patentedbees to deliver doses of streptomycin to the tree budsthus reducing the need forsprays.

Bee Vector TechnologiesCEO Michael Collinson says,“The consistent daily deliveryof preventative, beneficialinoculants by bees during thecritical bloom period makesthis system a compelling solution for growers.”

If the trials are deemed successful, the bee vectoringroute of administration wouldreplace sprays of streptomycin,an antibiotic currently used toprotect against fire blight.Results are expected in August2016.


WASHINGTON STATE

Early spring spurs cherry bloom

Spring 2016 is now in thehistory books as the third-earliest bloom on record forWashington state cherry growers. Scott Marboe,Oneonta Starr Ranch Growers,says that the early start mayalso predict an early finish.

First harvest could start asearly as May 30 with volumesstrong for the July 4 Americanholiday weekend. Pickingcould be finished by early tomid-August. Summer temperatures will dictate theseason’s progress.


EUROPE

Bio-insecticides marketgrowing for thrips control

An international report estimates the bio-insecticidesmarket for thrips control will beworth $418 million (US) by2020. The U.S. and Canada arethe second largest market afterEurope.

The popularity of bio-insecticides is attributed toquality, environmental-friendliness and reduced toxicity. The major formula-tions are liquid, water-dispersible granules, wettablepowder and pellets. The liquidformulations of bio-insecticidesare the most preferred due totheir advantages such as longershelf-life, easy handling, transportation, cost-effective-ness, and sustainability.

Thrips puncture the cells ofleaf surfaces to feed on plantjuices. The result is a blemished and unmarketablecrop.

Source: HortiDaily.com

UNITED KINGDOM

Grocer reduces foodwaste

A major grocer in the UnitedKingdom has extended itsPerfectly Imperfect brand withparsnips and potatoes to fruit.Tesco is now offering twogrades of strawberries andapples.

Tesco’s commercial directorsays high levels of waste havebeen experienced with parsnipsin store, so specifications havetightened. What consumerswon’t buy -- second-gradepotatoes for example -- are nowsent to another partner formashing. Thirty-five tons ofpotatoes per week now goesinto ready-made meals. Lowergrade apples can be sent forjuicing.

These partnerships meanthat Tesco is now taking 95 percent of suppliers’ strawberriesand 97 per cent of British applegrowers’ crops.

Source: Hortidaily.com

Three-year Average Ontario Crop Value 2011-2013.

– MAY 2016THE GROWER

CROSS COUNTRY DIGEST

The organization representing wild blueberrygrowers in Nova Scotia says profit margins areexpected to be so low that growers need as manybees as possible to pollinate crops this spring.

Peter Rideout, executive director of the WildBlueberry Producers Association of Nova Scotia,says continuing to import bees from Ontario isnecessary because there are not enough localhives.

Nova Scotia's Minister of Agriculture KeithColwell has said new measures to import beesfrom Ontario are necessary to balance the needsof the blueberry and bee industries.

Blueberry growers are renting the 5,000 hivesfrom beekeepers in Ontario and the colonies will

be imported to Nova Scotia for a few weeks during the spring bloom, which is expected tohappen the end of May and the first two weeks ofJune this year.

The province says it is sending an inspectionteam — made up of local beekeepers and blueberry growers — to Ontario to examine theindividual hives before they're shipped to ensurethey're not infested with the small hive beetle.

Rideout says he's confident about the controlmeasures the province is putting in place. Acourse will train volunteers with his organizationto assist inspecting the hives before they come toNova Scotia.

Nova Scotia producers rent beehives toincrease yields

NOVA SCOTIA

A single apple maggot wasfound at a West Kelowna residential lot in 2015. For theremainder of 2015, no othertraps or fruit were identifiedwith apple maggot, so theCanadian Food Inspection(CFIA) continues to support aquarantine of the Okanagan-Similkameen-Creston valleys asfree from the pest. Specific tothe residential neighbourhood

where the single detectionoccurred, the property and surrounding properties areunder order not to move fruit,soil or trees from those lots. Allhost trees in the area have beenmapped. The CFIA will moreintensively trap around the single detection in 2016.

Leading up to the singledetection 2015, a new trappingprotocol was established based

on research by HowardThistlewood. One-thirdof the interior apple-growingarea was to have apple maggottraps each year, and each yearwould sample a new area. Thatway, the whole valley would besampled in a three year period.Since the detection in 2015, asteering group met to discussthe trapping for 2016, and it wasagreed to speed up the

sampling process with theremaining two-thirdsof the BC interior apple-growing area to be sampled in2016. However, CFIA resourcesonly allowed one-third ofthe area to be sampled eachyear. Susanna Achaempong, treefruit entomologist for theBC Ministry of Agriculture,assisted in gaining approval forfunding the final one-third

of the interior apple-growingarea in 2016. The funding isprovided through the federal-provincial Growing Forward 2.The British Columbia FruitGrowers’ Association is the project applicant and the SterileInsect Release (SIR) program isassisting in placing the traps.

Source: BC Fruit Growers’Association newsletter

Angela Santiago

The Little Potato Companyplans to develop and operate anew $20 million U.S. headoffice and processing facility inthe village of DeForest nearMadison, Wisconsin. This newfacility will supplement thecompany’s Canadian head officein Edmonton, Alberta.

This expansion will featurestate-of-the-art equipmentdesigned to service customersthroughout the U.S. when fullyoperational in early 2017. Thesite was chosen for its proximityto an exceptional agriculturalregion and experienced, passionate growers, access tomajor transportation and logistics networks, and theavailability of skilled workers.

“We are delighted with thisnew investment that represents

our ongoing commitment tomake a consistently exceptionalproduct more available to ourcustomers,” said AngelaSantiago, CEO and cofounderof The Little Potato Company.“This is particularly significantin our 20th anniversary yearwhen we celebrate our leader-ship in service and innovation.”The Little Potato Company hasa significant grower and distribution network throughoutthe U.S. and Canada for its proprietary line of Creamer varieties, including BabyBoomer and Blushing Belle,and its value-added innovativeMicrowave and Oven|GrillReady packs featuring the samehigh-quality Creamers andgluten-free spice packs with noadded flavours, preservatives orcolours.

The company currently hastwo sorting, washing and packaging facilities and five distribution centers throughoutthe U.S. and Canada, in addition to the newlyannounced U.S. head office andplant near Madison, Wisconsin.

For a video interview withAngela Santiago taped at theCanadian Produce MarketingAssociation trade show inCalgary, go towww.thegrower.org.

Project funding approved for additional apple maggot trappingBRITISH COLUMBIA

The Little Potato Company isgrowing bigger

ALBERTA

Following a successful 7th Annual Hazelnut Symposium, the Ontario HazelnutAssociation (OHA) is pleased to announce the six growers that will be planting ten acresthis spring as part of the Ontario Hazelnut Association's Grower Trial Project. Andrew &Amanda Pilot (Smithsville), Earl Hughson (Uxbridge), Graham Dyer (Port Dover), MichaelGladstone (Morpeth), Andrew Dalgleish (Wheatley), and Mark Brown & Sarah Rowland(Wardsville) are pictured above (left from right). Jorge Acevedo (far left) of FerreroHazelnut Company and Ernie Grimo (far right) of the Society of Ontario Nut Growers wereon hand to show their support for this project.

The OHA, in partnership with each grower, will be hosting farm tours and workshops inthe Fall and Spring throughout 2017. This project is funded in part through GrowingForward 2, a federal-provincial-territorial initiative. The Agricultural Adaptation Councilassists in the delivery of Growing Forward 2 in Ontario.

For more information, please contact Andrew Nixon, OHA Project Manager, [email protected].

THE GROWER

MAY 2016 –– PAGE 5

LABOUR

As farmers across theprovince get ready for springand the upcoming growing season, Ontario’s SeasonalAgricultural Workers Program(SAWP) is marking a majormilestone.

The internationallyacclaimed program is celebrating its 50th anniversarysupplying Ontario farmers experiencing domestic labourshortages with seasonal workers

from Mexico and the Caribbean.Approximately 17,000

seasonal workers from Mexico,Jamaica, Barbados, Trinidad/Tobago and the EasternCaribbean States are expectedto be placed at Ontario fruit andvegetable farms this growingseason as a supplement to locallabour through SAWP.Approximately 1,450 farms willbenefit from the program thisyear.

“We’re extremely proud thatwe’ve been able to help ourhorticultural industry thrive andgrow over the past half centu-ry,” says Ken Forth, presidentof Foreign AgriculturalResource Management Services(FARMS), which administersthe program. “Ontario producessome of the highest qualityfruits and vegetables in theworld. Without the supplemental labour they hire

through SAWP, many of ourgrowers just wouldn’t be ablestay viable.”

The program got its start in1966 when 263 seasonal workersfrom Jamaica were brought toOntario to fill a shortage of

available Canadian workers.Over the past 50 years the program has grown steadily andhas consistently exceededexpectations, providing Ontariofarmers a steady source of reliable, skilled and professionallabour.

At the same time, the program has given seasonal agri-cultural workers employment,benefits and educational opportunities not available tothem at home.

Because SAWP is a

“Canadians first” program, supplementary seasonal farmlabour is hired from partnercountries only if agriculturaloperators cannot find domesticworkers to fill vacancies.

“Half a century after it wascreated, this program continuesto serve the same vital functionon an even larger scale,” saysForth.

Management tips for seasonalworkers

As seasonal agricultural workersarrive in Canada for the 2016growing season, Ken Forthoffers a few reminders on paperwork.

• Photocopy each contract andwork visa for your files, ensuring that each worker hassigned it• Check if $5.45/day in the contract has been initialed bythe worker. If not, you can’tdeduct. • If advances are paid (cash isalright) through the payroll system, a form of authorizationis needed to recapture theadvance through future payrolls• Be sure the worker has signedthe main contract

Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program marks 50 years

*Translation: Where are we going next?

?Cuál es nuestro

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Every eligible purchase you make earns Hot Potatoes® reward points that you can redeem for the popular group trip, cash or maybe even both. Just don’t forget to pack a Spanish-to-English dictionary and a muy grande sense of adventure! And check the website later this year to discover the fi nal trip destination.

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Alex Corona has come to Springridge Farm, Milton,Ontario for the last 27 years. In the early years, he rodehis bike into town for English lessons. He spends win-ters with his family two hours outside of Mexico City.

Ernestina Rodrigues-Diaz (L) has worked as an experienced packer for five years at Tregunno Farms,Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. She and her co-workercome from Mexico.

This is the 30th year that Jamaican Donald (Rocky)Dyer has harvested broccoli at Ken Forth’s Lynden,Ontario farm. Profiled last year in John Deere’s FurrowMagazine, Dyer says that working in Canada hasallowed him to finance the schooling of four children.

We’re extremely proudthat we’ve been able tohelp our horticulturalindustry thrive andgrow over the past halfcentury.

~KEN FORTH

““

– MAY 2016THE GROWER

CANADIAN PRODUCE MARKETING ASSOCIATION

PETER CHAPMAN

The theme of the 2016CPMA convention was growingstrong and there was lots of evidence of this in Calgary.Growing strong is not limited toproduction. There was plenty ofevidence that producers aregrowing strong in packaging andproviding food solutions for consumers. Retailers are always

looking for products that willgenerate incremental sales andkeep the consumer in theirstore.

Packaging looks forward andback

There were some interestingnew packaging options on display. Some were a retro lookon organics and others wereusing new technology to convey

a more contemporary feel.A number of producers includ-ing Sunset, Star Produce andTopline Farms are using fibrepints with a top seal on organictomatoes. The package gives afarm market look with the fibreand the top seal protects theproduct from being damaged orhandled. This new option looksgreat and it delivers the productto the warehouse and the storein a format that works for the

retailers.Sun Select has launched a

new grape tomato bag that looksjust like a mason jar. This newdie-cut bag definitely grabs yourattention. I would have questioned if the bag was practical in some merchandisingapplications, however they alsoprovide the retailer with an off- shelf option. The floor mer-chandiser is an opportunity toextend the linear footage of theshelf or even get grape tomatoesout of produce. If consumersreally do see them as a snackingoption the retailer could generate incremental sales closeto the cash with this floor display.

Potato packaging continuesto evolve as producers improvethe story about the differentvarieties and uses. It was interesting to see the EarthFresh bags with people onthem. We do not see a lot ofpeople on packaging in the pro-duce department and they aredepicting consumers enjoyingthe products. There is no doubtthese bags will stand out in thesea of potato bags on the shelf.

Consumers are looking formore information about theirfood and they will tell you theywant to get closer to the peoplewho supply the food for theirfamily. They will tell you thisbut it doesn’t always mean theywill follow through. We do seemore community supportedagriculture and farm marketsbut the vast majority of produceis still sold through the mainstream retailers. EvergreenHerbs in Surrey, B.C. is givingthe retailer the option to doboth. Their organic farmer’s boxis a collection of organic products that will change eachweek depending on availability.This makes it more flexible andeasier to execute than a set listof items with exacting specs.The consumer feels they arecloser to the source of theirfood, the grower can have someflexibility in the offering andthe retailer does not lose a customer to another channel.

Food solutions deliver innovation

Evergreen herbs had somevery innovative offers in theherb category. We have all seenthe small clamshells with onevariety of herbs. They havedeveloped herb combinationsthat allow the consumer to create their own marinade withfresh herbs. The products theycreated are marinades for specific cooking styles such asItalian or Indian and they arealso sold for specific proteinsincluding beef, pork, poultryand fish. These herb marinadesare easy for the consumer andan incremental sale in the produce department. Someinclude spice packs and consumers just add olive oil.

Many consumers want tocook at home like a chef.Mann’s have introduced a lineof ‘Culinary Cuts’ which impliesyou are cooking like a chef.Cauliflower and Brusselssprouts are appearing on manyrestaurant menus and this prepared product removes a lotof the work. The vegetables caneven be cooked right in the bag.These prepared vegetablesdeliver convenience and thedream of being a culinary expertall in one bag.

Use every opportunity to market your brand

Stemilt follows this philosophy with their cell phonecharging station on the convention floor. I watchedmany people take advantage ofthis stand-alone unit that reinforced the message of theirL’il Snappers kid size fruit.Remember to look for everyopportunity to reinforce yourbrand, even away from yourpackaging and the shelf.

Peter Chapman is a retail consul-tant, professional speaker and theauthor of A la cart-a supplier’sguide to retailers’ [email protected].

Latest packaging trends displayed at CPMA

Sunset Organics use fibre pint with top seal. Consumers are front and centre on Earth Fresh potatobags.

Evergreen Herbs launches an Organic Farmer's boxwhich offers flexibility as the season progresses.

THE GROWER

MAY 2016 –– PAGE 7

Latest packaging trends displayed at CPMA

KAREN DAVIDSON

A panel of industry leaderswas convened and emceed byCPMA’s Jane Proctor, vice-president, policy and issuesmanagement, on the trade showfloor.

Food waste

At Loblaw, Frank Pagliarosays the No Name NaturallyImperfect program has enjoyedan overwhelming response.“We’re working with growers toexpand the program with a multitude of items,” he says.

Stone fruit isn’t eligible forthis type of program due toshort shelf life, however MikeEcker, Vineland Growers’Cooperative says a pilot program was tested with pearslast year. “Pears scar easily andare susceptible to many things,”says Ecker. “A staple like a pearhas some opportunity.”

In western Canada, there’s adifferent approach. “Growershave found a secondary marketfor their seconds with juiceprocessors,” says Mike Furi,The Grocery People. “Our concern is that supply and availability are not there. Wedon’t want our customers to bediscouraged with inconsistentsupply. We don’t want growersto grow substandard product.That percentage of three toseven per cent of imperfect

produce will get less over time.”

Organic produce

“The organic market is growing,” says Furi. “One ofour growers has increasedacreage four times and can’tsupply the demand. On thetopic of GMOs, we believe inthe science-based approach ofthe Canadian Food InspectionAgency. The issue right now isthat there’s not enough educa-tion and people aren’t aware ofwhat GMO really means. As aresult, we will struggle to get tothe next level.”

“We can’t grow enoughorganic,” says Ecker. “There’scontroversy if it’s better for youbut I know that from the grower’s standpoint, the flavouris definitely better.”

“We want to grow the organ-ics category but are restricted byvolume and product,” saysPagliaro. “Organic continues to

be a trend with double digitgrowth year over year for adecade. We don’t see this category losing momentum.”

Packaging

Development of new packaging and technology hasadvanced quickly in the last fiveyears. “However, as a mer-chant, there’s a balance,” saysPagliaro. “You can’t lose thatmarket feel when going into a

produce department. You losethe sightlines with too muchplastic. We’re careful and pragmatic.”

Climate change Adverse weather patterns at

the beginning of 2016 caused

stress in the supply chain.“The ongoing change in weather patterns and gettingconsistent stability through supply network is a stress,” saysPagliaro. “We are diversifyingand having alternate regions.We are planning with local

growers across Canada, doingpost-mortems from the previousyear to find out what works, andwhat doesn’t.”

“Weather and economicissues are the hot button forus,” says Furi.

Industry leaders state positions on four issues

CANADIAN PRODUCE MARKETING ASSOCIATION

Evergreen Herbs introduces herb combinations gearedto specific cuisines (e.g. Italian, Indian) and for specificproteins including beef, pork, poultry and fish.

Mann's introduces pre-chopped Cauliettes andBroccoli Clovers.

Peak of the Market, based in Winnipeg, Manitoba,won the coveted Most Creative Booth Award.

THE GROWERPAGE 8 –– MAY 2016

NEW EQUIPMENT

New onion seeder looks to the future

KAREN DAVIDSON

The purchase of an onion seeder happens maybeonce in 20 years. So when Ross Draper, from DraperFarms in Keswick, Ontario considered his 2016 investment, it was with an eye to the future.

With 200 acres of onions to plant, he has imported astate-of-the-art Monosem Onion Seeder from the U.S.It has all the usual features such as high-accuracy vacuum seed meters, insecticide meters, operator

platform, as well as the advanced Monosem exclusivefeatures such as a seed monitoring system with singulation spacing and population counter, and aunique double-disk opening system. What makes itunique is a diffuser for neonicotinoid insecticides.

“This is a proactive move to be bee-friendly,” saysPaul Smith, Northern Equipment Solutions Sales. Theregulatory environment is changing so quickly thatgrowers can’t help but take lessons from the Ontariograin farm sector. Luciano Conceicao, general managerat Draper Farms, says, “When purchasing a new onion

seeder, Monosem was our only choice because of itsinnovations and industry leading accuracy. When it wasmentioned about a neonic-friendly option for the vacuum, we thought it best to be as proactive as possible.”

Not all onion seed is treated with an insecticide coating to boost germination. Nor do all insecticidescontain an active ingredient belonging to the neonicotinoid family. But anticipating sudden regulatory changes is prudent when making long-termequipment purchases.

Draper Farms’ new Monosem Mini Seed precision vacuum seeder is planting redonions for the fresh market.

This blower diffuser redirects the seeder’s exhaust and any seed coating dust towardsthe ground.

THE GROWERMAY 2016 –– PAGE 9

INFRASTRUCTURE

Ontario Food Terminal modernizes facilities KAREN DAVIDSON

A $6.5 million makeover isunderway at the Ontario FoodTerminal (OFT). The ‘stockexchange’ for produce has beena hub of commerce near down-town Toronto for more than 60years, but is in need of morethan cosmetic changes. From anew guardhouse to new covered walkways, theimprovements help marshalltraffic in a safer way for thehundreds of daily buyers.

As warmer weather arrives inMay, farmers can expect theguardhouse to be fully commissioned with new accesscards assigned.

“We are really excited aboutthe new opportunities thisexpansion could offer Ontarioproducers,” says AlisonRobertson, OFT board chair.“There is such a demand forlocal produce, anything we cando to support local producers isthe right thing to do.”

Still to come is a farmers’market building. Site planshave been submitted to theCity of Toronto to make surethat all the building codes areaccommodated for zoning,parking, safety and health. Thepermitting process and construction are expected totake another two years, saysBruce Nicholas, general manager.

The plans call for 50,000square feet of climate-controlled space with 45 open-concept stalls. The build-ing will have 24 glazed doorswith dock seals. A fully integrated system of walkwayswill connect the north andsouth warehouses, consideredessential to maintain the coldchain. In anticipation of thenew build, the Ontario FoodTerminal Board is invitingfarmers to submit letters ofinterest to rent stalls. Rates,terms and conditions will bedetermined at a later date.

“If you want to be part ofthis new exciting change at theOFT, please submit a letter ofinterest to the Board and checkout the video posted on theBoards’ website,” saysNicholas.

A video of the changes canbe seen at www.oftb.com or theOntario Food Terminal Board’sYouTube channel: OFTB NewFarmers’Market Building 2016.

The Ontario Food Terminalis Canada’s largest wholesalefruit and produce terminal. Itranks amongst the top four terminal markets in Canada andthe United States by volume ofproduce distributed with morethan a two billion pounds ofproduce distributed annually.More than 5,000 buyers are registered to buy wholesaleproduce.

Always read and follow label directions. FMC and Fracture are trademarks of FMC Corporation. © 2016 FMC Corporation. All rights reserved.

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MUCK VEGETABLE GROWERS’ CONFERENCE AND TRADE SHOW

Celery leaf curl is cropping up KAREN DAVIDSON

Bradford, ON – Crop scoutsare finding that a new diseasecalled celery leaf curl, first spot-ted in 2011, is appearing withmore regularity in muck soils ofthe Holland Marsh. The fungusspreads through rain-splashedspores affecting the leaves andstems of celery with unsightlydark spots. At risk is more than600 acres of Ontario-grown celeryand potentially 1,450 acres inQuebec.

“This disease impacts yieldand marketability,” says MichaelCeletti, Ontario Ministry ofAgriculture, Food and RuralAffairs (OMAFRA) plant pathologist. “The leaves cupdown and look deformed,depending on the time of infec-tion. Leaf curl in celery has beenobserved in Quebec but it doesnot appear to be serious yet.”

According to an OMAFRAnewsletter, brown lesions maydevelop on the leaf margins ofinfected plants and occasionallyyellow translucent spots appearscattered on the upper leaf sur-face. Symptomatic leaves eventu-

ally become brittle and crackalong their length which mayextend into the stalk. The stalksof infected plants eventuallybecome twisted with reddish tolight brown lesions that candevelop on either the outside orinside of the stalks or inside thecrown at the base of the infectedplants (see 2 photos).

Spores of the fungus are pro-duced in the lesions that developalong the stalk and in the crownsand are easily splashed about byoverhead irrigation or rainy andwindy weather.

A 2013 grower survey organized through the MuckCrops Research Station showedthat celery leaf curl was prevalentin 75 per cent of celery fieldssampled in Ontario, in both muckand mineral soils. The severity ofcelery leaf curl in each field wasconsidered very low in 2013.

Research funding was mar-shaled for 2015 for variety trials.Early results show that some cultivars are more susceptiblethan others. To date, there arecurrently no fungicides registeredfor control of this disease, howev-er, some fungicides registered forother diseases may impact leaf

curl. A few fungicides are currently still under review andshould be registered for leaf curlmanagement in the near future.

With few tools to manage thedisease, Celetti says that graduatestudents are now studying thebiology of the disease to see ifany cultural practices may help.

Laboratory testing revealed astrange coincidence in 2012 when

apple growers complained aboutan increase of bitter rot and economic damage in valuablevarieties. When laboratory workers dissected the geneticcomponents, they discovered thesame Colletotrichum acutatumspores that cause celery leaf curl.

As Celetti explains, “We knowthat in apples, bitter rot is not aproblem in temperate climates,

but it does cause economic damage in places such as SouthCarolina and California. Withwarmer summers, we may be seeing an increase in this disease.There are no definitive answers,but we’re definitely watching.”

While climate change maybring the benefits of a longergrowing season, its drawback isnew disease.

CANADIAN HORTICULTURAL COUNCIL

Amendment to the proposed re-evaluation decision on chlorothalonil by PMRA

Health Canada’s PestManagement Regulatory Agency(PMRA) has amended itsProposed Re-evaluation Decisionfor chlorothalonil PRVD2011-14based on revised occupationaland residential risk assessmentswith more information relevant tothe potential effects of

chlorothalonil on human health,particularly via dermal exposure.Based on the revised risk assessments, the PMRA hasdetermined that under therevised conditions of use, someagricultural uses of chlorothalonildo not present unacceptable risksto human health. These horticultural uses include aspara-

gus, carrot, celery (seedbedsonly), cucurbits, ginseng, mush-room, parsnip, potato, strawberryand tomato. Based on the resultsof the risk assessments forpostapplication workers and thegeneral public, PMRA is propos-ing to cancel the following uses:blueberry (highbush), blueberry(lowbush), celery (field), cherry(sweet and sour), Cole crops, corn(sweet), cranberry, nectarine,onion (dry and green) and peach.

The PMRA will accept comments and proposals untilJune 10, 2016.

CHC will be working withmembers over the upcomingweeks to prepare a response toPMRA on this proposed decision.The work will be accomplishedon your behalf by the CHC-CropProtection Advisory Committee(CPAC). For more informationcontact André Bourbonnière [email protected]

Celery leaf curl


CANADIAN HORTICULTURAL COUNCIL

CHC-CPAC releases consultation work plan for PMRA proposed re-evaluationsHealth Canada’s Pest Management Regulatory Agency(PMRA), under the authority of the Pest Control ProductsAct and Regulations, is proposing the re-evaluation of

several products in Canada. The CHC Crop ProtectionAdvisory Committee has established a workplan for eachof these consultations. For further information go to

www.hortcouncil.ca

EDSTURTNEPROV

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CHC Priority Name Published PMRA Due Date Technical Registrant

1 PRVD2016-02Methomyl

January 15, 2016 March 15, 2016Extended to April 14, 2016

EI DuPont Canada Company

2 REV2016-06ChlorothalonilAmendment to the Proposed Re-evaluation Decision

February 11, 2016 April 11, 2016Extended to June 10, 2016

SyngentaSipcam AgroAdama

3 PVRD2016-13Captan

March 31, 2016 90 days expected = June 29, 2016If the 90 extension granted new date will beSeptember 27, 2016

Arysta LifeSciences NorthAmericaADAMASharda

4 PMRA Regulatory Proposal PRO2016-02:Management of the Pesticide Re-evaluation Process

March 31, 2016 May 31, 2016 n/a

5 PRVD2016-05Ferbam

February 29, 2016 April 29, 2016May 27, 2016

Taminco USLLC – Engage AgroLoveland

6 PVRD2016-06Ziram


Taminco USLLC – Engage AgroLoveland

7 PRVD2016-07Thiram


Taminco USLLC – Engage AgroLovelandMacDermid AgriculturalSolutionsCanada Company

8 PRVD2016-09Iprodione

March 17, 2016 June 15, 2016 FMCADAMABayer CropScience


STAFFPublisher: Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers’ AssociationEditor: Karen Davidson, 416-557-6413, [email protected]: Carlie Melara, ext. 221, [email protected]: Herb Sherwood, 519-380-0118, [email protected] Grower reserves the right to refuse any advertising. Anyerrors that are the direct result of The Grower will be compen-sated at our discretion with a correction notice in the next issue.No compensation will be given after the first running of the ad.Client signature is required before insertion.The Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers’ Association is the soleowner of The Grower. All editorials and opinions expressed inThe Grower are those of the newspaper’s editorial staff and/orcontributor, and do not necessarily reflect the view of the associa-tion.

All rights reserved. The contents of this publication maynot be reproduced either whole or in part without the priorwritten consent of the publisher.

OFFICE355 Elmira Road North, Unit 105Guelph, Ontario N1K 1S5 CANADATel. 519-763-8728 • Fax 519-763-6604The Grower is printed 12 times a year and sent to allmembers of the Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers’ Association who have paid $30.00 (plus G.S.T.) per year forthe paper through their commodity group or container fees.Others may subscribe as follows by writing to the office:

$30.00 (+ G.S.T.) /year in Canada$40.00/year International

Subscribers must submit a claim for missing issues withinfour months. If the issue is claimed within four months, butnot available, The Grower will extend the subscription byone month. No refunds on subscriptions.

P.M. 40012319

ONTARIO FRUIT AND VEGETABLE GROWERS’ASSOCIATION BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2016

MANAGEMENT COMMITTEEChair Jason Verkaik, BradfordVice-Chair Jan Vander Hout, WaterdownFruit Director Norm Charbonneau, Port ElginVeg Director Mac James, LeamingtonDirector John Thwaites, Niagara-on-the-Lake

BOARD OF DIRECTORSApples Charles Stevens, NewcastleFresh Vegetable - Other Kenny Forth, LyndenTender Fruit John Thwaites, Niagara-on-the-LakeON Asparagus Grws’. Mkg. Brd. Mike Chromczak, BrownsvilleGGO/Fresh Grape Growers Bill George Jr., BeamsvilleFresh Vegetable - Muck Jason Verkaik, BradfordON. Potato Board Mac James, LeamingtonSmall Fruit/Berries Norm Charbonneau, Port ElginON. Ginseng Growers’ Ken Van Torre, BurfordGreenhouse Jan Vander Hout, WaterdownGreenhouse George Gilvesy, Tillsonburg

OFVGA SECTION CHAIRS

Crop Protection Charles Stevens, NewcastleResearch Harold Schooley, SimcoeProperty Brian Gilroy, MeafordLabour Ken Forth, LyndenSafety Nets Mark Wales, AlymerCHC Adrian Huisman, St. Catharines

Electricity pricing and competitiveness

Ontario fruit and vegetablegrowers produce high-qualityproduce that is enjoyed byOntarians and other customersalike. They consume theseproducts because they knowthey are high quality, safe,grown in an environment that isconducive to sustainable pro-duction and supportive of thelocal economy. Growers arevery delighted to give con-sumers these products, andwhen given the chance, willproudly tout how they con-tribute to society as a whole andcommunities at large.

Ontario growers, however,are under immense pressureand competition, domesticallyand internationally. Because ofthe northern climate, productionis limited to only part of theyear and this is not the casewith many competitors. By thevery nature of the Ontario envi-ronment, there are costs associ-ated with producing fruits andvegetables that are considerablylower in other jurisdictions.

Electrical power is an essen-tial component of horticultural production in Ontario. Whetherit is related to the lightingrequirements within a greenhouse, the cooling ofapples after harvest, the processing of tender fruit fordelivery to market, housing oflabour to support the businessor pumping of water for

irrigation lines, the availabilityof electricity is paramount forcommercial production.Electricity pricing must be competitive. For some in horticulture, the price of powercan account for as much as athird of the cost of productionand soaring electrical prices area major contributor to this cost.There are groups in Ontario --including the Ontario Chamberof Commerce, OntarioFederation of Agriculture --which have clearly stated thatthe costs of electricity inOntario are making businessesunsustainable. What is unclearto most growers is what theactual costs of electricity itselfare and a key challenge is todetermine the “all-in” cost forelectricity and comparisons withother jurisdictions. For example,invoices in Ontario contain thefollowing information: electrici-ty, the Independent ElectricitySystem Operator (IESO) GlobalAdjustment, delivery, regulatory, debt, HST and aclean energy credit. Each ofthese has an associated cost,with the exception of the smallclean energy credit.

For most of these, the definition should be pretty easy.However, the price of electricityitself is dynamic, changinghourly because of consumerbehaviour, weather, time of day,day of the week and economicconditions.

The IESO GlobalAdjustment is the chargedesigned to cover “the cost forproviding generating capacityand conservation programs forOntario.” The GlobalAdjustment is split into threemain components: for theOntario Electricity FinancialCorporation, for the OntarioPower Generation (OPG)nuclear and baseload generatingstations, and contracts with theIESO for gas-fired generation,renewable facilities, energyfrom waste and biomass, nuclear

refurbishments, and conserva-tion programs. In 2015, this costto Ontarians was $1.311 billion(source www.windconcernson-tario.ca). The problem is thatthe electricity being generatedis not needed in some cases andis being exported at a fraction ofthe cost of production for thatelectricity. For small customers,the Global Adjustment will notbe a separate line item and willbe part of the tiered electricitypricing.

The costs of delivery forelectricity can vary significantlyacross the province. In a smallcomparison of invoices fromlocations across southernOntario, delivery charges rangeanywhere from three to sixcents per kilowatt hour (kwh).This is a large swing across theprovince.

The regulatory charge onhydro bills is associated with thecost of services provided by theIESO to operate the wholesaleelectricity market and maintainthe reliability of the high volt-age power grid. It also coversthe Ontario Power Authority(OPA) administration (costsrelated to planning for genera-tion, demand management, con-

servation and transmission),rural and remote electricity rateprotection, renewable connec-tions and the Ontario ElectricitySupport Program for low eligible low income customers.

The Ontario government hasremoved the debt paymentfrom residential users in January2016, but it is still being paid byother users, including many horticultural businesses and willremain so until April 1, 2018.This typically amounts to 0.7cents/kwh.

The HST is paid on all ofthese extra charges, includingdebt repayment. With all ofthese extra fees, the cost ofelectricity alone may only be 50per cent of the total bill. Thesetotal payments range anywherefrom CAN 18 to 21 cents/kwh.

In the United States, TheFederal Energy RegulatoryCommission is in charge of regulating interstate electricitysales and wholesale electricrates. Rates for electricity distribution are regulated bystate-level public utilities commissions or public servicescommissions. There are fourclasses of customers (residential,commercial, industrial, and

transportation). Agricultural andhorticultural electricity rates arein the industrial category, withthe industrial level being signif-icantly lower than the other two.The key comparison, however,is the “all-in” price for electricity in comparable areas.Across the United States, theaverage industrial price for electricity was US 7.01cents/kwh. For example, thispricing in 2015 for Ohio andMichigan is US 6.88 and 7.16cents / kwh, respectively(http://www.eia.gov/electricity/data). This pricingdifference compared to Ontariocosts, along with other incentives, is contributing to“leakage” of horticultural businesses from Ontario tothese competing jurisdictions.

Horticulture is not alone inits very serious concerns aboutthe pricing of electricity and itsimpact on our competitiveness.For many in the horticulturesector however, electricity isoften in the top three majorcosts of production. If thesecosts make producers uncom-petitive and unsustainable, thenfood security and rural stabilityare put at high risk too.

JOHN KELLYEXECUTIVE VP, OFVGA

Among the things we shouldbe watching in the U.S. rightnow is the agriculture sector’sresponse to a nasty insect calledthe Brown Marmorated StinkBug (BMSB). It’s taken holdthere, and is poised to be athreat for horticultural produc-ers and other farmers in ourcountry, too.

BMSB, identifiable by itsmarbled or marmorated brownappearance, shield shape andtwo white bands on each anten-na, will feed on most anything,including ornamentals, fruit andcash crops. A BMSB integratedpest management workinggroup, led by the United StatesDepartment of Agriculture and

involving entomology expertsfrom major U.S. universities, istrying to help producers defendcrops against this invader.

The group has created asuperb website with manage-ment recommendations for pro-ducers. Researchers in Ontarioare participating in this workinggroup, as part of the coordinated

BMSB research and outreachactivity from the University ofGuelph, the Ontario Ministry ofAgriculture, Food and RuralAffairs (OMAFRA) andAgriculture and Agri-FoodCanada.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 13

U.S. expertise useful in fight against stink bug

OWEN ROBERTSU OF GUELPH


CONTINUED FROM PAGE 12

“We are learning as much as we can from the ongoing research in the U.S. before BMSB becomes aneconomic pest in Ontario,” says Hannah Fraser,OMAFRA’s entomology horticulture program lead.

In the states, BMSB has become a direct pest ofmany fruits and vegetables, causing problems that render the affected crop unmarketable. BMSB nymphsand adults injure vegetables by inserting their piercing-sucking feeding stylets into fruit, pods, buds, leaves,and stems. The time of the season when feeding occursinfluences the type and appearance of crop injury, butgenerally, crops are most attractive to these insects during fruit set and crop maturation.

Research by the American working group showsBMSB activity is found in a wide variety of crops. Forexample, it says, sweet corn and edible soybeans canincur extremely high densities of bugs during the kernel or seed development periods. Okra and bell pepper are preferred host plants for the majority of thegrowing season and for reproduction. Green beans,

tomatoes and eggplant also appear to support reproductive development of BMSB. Sweet corn, greenbeans, bell peppers and tomatoes are very susceptibleto feeding injury. As well, asparagus and Swiss chardmay be regularly attacked by BMSB.

Fraser says a big challenge here is that BMSB is anew pest to Ontario. Based on survey work and confirmed homeowner reports, OMAFRA believes theinsect is already established in many parts of southernOntario, along a corridor from Windsor to Ottawa,where it moved to from the northeast U.S. Five established (breeding) populations were confirmed inthe corridor last year, but more are suspected.

The biology of this insect further makes management a challenge, says Fraser. BMSB is called a“landscape-level” pest with a high capacity for dispersal. That means it will move between hosts suchas landscape plants and crops throughout the growingseason. Population pressure is not uniform, and fluctuates during the growing season.

Action thresholds for BMSB are still under development for most horticultural crops. Many of therecommended management strategies are considered

provisional. This spring and summer, Ontario producers and crop

consultants are being asked to assist with a trappingprogram, to help monitor the BMSB’s appearancethroughout the province. The trapping program is partof a bigger effort to track the BMSB’s advance, andcontrol it.

“We don’t want growers to miss the early signs thatBMSB is in their crops,” says Fraser. “We want them tostart thinking about BMSB, and using traps may be away to get early adopters on board with adding BMSBto regular scouting.”

Fraser says early detection is vital for control, andthat scouting for the insect on host plants is the bestway to find it. The trapping program, which sheexpects to involve about 40 producers and consultants,is meant to raise awareness and provide insect countsthat can be used for determining thresholds for control.Traps should be set up next month.

Producers interested in discussing the trapping program can contact Fraser at [email protected] everyone should be scouting, and keeping an eyeout for this bug’s spread.

U.S. expertise useful in fight against stink bug

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PERSPECTIVE

Photos by Hannah Fraser, OMAFRA

BRUCE KELLY

This month’s Grower themeis grapes, berries, vineyards andwineries, and nothing says summer like these four words.Don’t get me wrong: I love carrots, onions and potatoes, butit will certainly be a treat tomove outside into the warmsummer sunshine and get myhands on some of the sweeterresults of Ontario’s agriculturalproduction.

I’m not sure if it was a marketing ploy by an Americancompany to wrap itself in theCanadian flag or an honestgroundswell of support for thehome province, but my house-hold recently took the ketchuptaste test challenge. There’snow a bottle of French’sketchup in the fridge and I feellike I’m losing my identity. The world I grew up in was asimple place. French’s mademustard, Heinz made ketchup,and Bick’s made green relish.Shopping was just that easy.Hotdog and hamburger seasonbegan with a review of thecondiments on hand. Dated andunderappreciated condimentsthat had languished during thelong cold winter (i.e. non-barbecue season) were chuckedout, and we celebrated the

arrival of summer by restockingthe trailer or cottage cooler withfresh bottles of the big three:ketchup, mustard and relish.

French’s ketchup isn’t theonly new product in our fridge.Over the past few summers Ihave been tricked into expand-ing my relish routine to includezucchini relish. It’s really quitegood. Who would have thoughtthat you could make me eatzucchini and like it?

As you may have gathered, Iwas not the most adventurousvegetable eater as a child, andlearning where condimentscome from has been somewhatdisruptive to my previously simple view of life.

It gets better. Over the pastyear I have had the opportunityto work with many fantasticgrowers around the HollandMarsh. Samples of parsnips, redand white beets, and varioussprouted seeds have found theirway onto the dinner table.Roasted parsnips are now a reg-ular part of our potato wedgerecipe.

My life as a vegetable hateris collapsing all around me.Getting back to the topic athand. For me, grapes, vineyards,and wineries are all aspects ofan industry I enjoy year round… packaged in a nice bottle. Ido enjoy a summer trip to

Niagara to see grapes on thevine. There is something aboutwalking between rows of grapesvines that is very different fromrows of field crops. I just wantto reach out and touch them. Summer is about fresh in-seasonberries. Over the winter wetend to forget the succulentnature of our strawberries, rasp-berries, and blueberries.Whether you eat fresh berriesoff the bush, bake with them, orpreserve them, nothing beatsthe taste and freshness ofOntario fruit.

Ontario berries are a tastyreminder of the passing of theseasons. Strawberry socials, teas,and other events mark the endof spring and the beginning ofsummer. Raspberries for memeant visits to my grandpar-ents’ farm where there werealways a couple of long rowsthat needed picking and grand-ma’s collection of pie plates andcoloured string to keep thebirds away from her canes.

Then it’s blueberry season,yum! In the south, the productsfrom Wilmot Orchards, ParksBlueberries or Barrie Hill Farmsare famous for their quality. Inthe north, where signs for wildblueberries dot the landscape, Ihave a little patch of my own.After listening to a speaker fromAlgoma Highlands WildBlueberry Farm give a talkabout wild blueberry productionlast year, I cut my blueberriesback last fall. With luck, I’llhave a burst of new growth anda bountiful harvest from my lit-tle wild patch this year.

Ontario berries represent thebest of what summer has tooffer and I can’t wait for theseason to begin. Let’s use someof our grape juice to toast theberry producers of this province.

Bruce Kelly is environmental program manager, Farm & FoodCare Ontario.

PAGE 14 –– MAY 2016

THE GROWER

Grapes and berries and vineyards – oh my!

May 18 Canadian Association of Farm Advisors’ Farm Succession Update Conference, Ajax, ON

June 3 Vineland Research and Innovation Centre Greenhouse Open House, Vineland Station, ON 12-4 pm Register for 30-min tour at www.vinelandresearch.com

June 6-12 Ontario Local Food Week

June 8 Ontario Agri-Food Education Inc. Annual General Meeting and 25th Anniversary Celebration, 4-8 pm, Country Heritage Park, Milton, ON Tickets are $125, Register by June 1, www.oafe.org

June 11 Food and Farm Care’s Breakfast on the Farm, Veldale Farms, Woodstock, ON

June 12 Ontario Agricultural Hall of Fame, Gambrel Barn, Country Heritage Park, Milton, ON www.oahf.on.ca

June 29 Food and Beverage Ontario Annual General Meeting, Steam Whistle Brewery, Toronto, ON

July 6-7 Canadian Horticultural Council Board of Directors’ Summer Meeting and Tour, Lower Mainland, BC

July 9-10 Norfolk Lavender Festival, Lavender Farms, Simcoe, ON

July 18 – 21 International Fruit Tree Association Regional Study Tour, Rochester to Geneva, NY

July 20-22 Federal-Provincial-Territorial Agriculture Ministers’ Annual Meeting, Calgary, AB

July 26-27 Canadian Horticultural Council Mid-Summer Apple Meeting, Moncton, New Brunswick

August 3 Controlled Atmosphere Clinic, Grand Rapids, MI

Aug 13-17 International Strawberry Symposium, Quebec City, QC [email protected]

Aug 17-18 North American Strawberry Growers’ Summer Tour, Quebec

August 17 Peak of the Market Family Fun Day, Winnipeg, MB

COMING EVENTS 2016

PACKING HOUSE AND USED EQUIPMENT

For information please callPierre Jodoin 450-467-4744 * 229Sylvain Jodoin 450-467-4744 * 228

Used apple packing line

Capacity 22 to 25 bins / 8 hrs

Description: Burg dry bin dumperFMC brush, wax and dryer 36’’ wideFMC sizer 2 mechanic lanes

All electric supply that go with thoseequipment are included in the deal.

Everything in good condition andready to use.

Photos courtesy of Farm & Food Care.

We know that retailers haveto drive sales to be successful.Weekly flyers are one vehiclethey have to accomplish this.More and more items are beingsold on temporary price reduction so you need to figureout how to be there without discounting your product toomuch. This month we willinvestigate how the retailersbuild the ads so you canincrease your chances of beingwhere you want to be in the ad.Retailers have four key objectives with ads

When the merchandisinggroup gets together every weekto create the ads, they have thefollowing objectives:1. Drive traffic into the store.2. Deliver or exceed the salestarget.3. Deliver or exceed the margin$ target.4. Reinforce the positioning ofthe banner or store format.

You should think of the category managers as trying tobuild a puzzle each week.Overall they want to create afinished product that accom-plishes these objectives, similarto the completed puzzle picture. Each item is a differentpuzzle piece and they needthem all to get it done.

How they build the puzzle?Start with the edge pieces

One strategy to build a puzzle is to start with the edgepieces. They are easy to findand they define the picture foryou. Retailers start with thesequestions: when will consumershave money to spend and whatthemes will capture interest.These questions are askedmonths in advance in mappingout the weeks. Consumerspending will vary considerablyfrom week to week dependingon pay cycles, government subsidies and holidays.

For example, in Ottawawhere a significant proportionof the population work for thefederal government, it is veryimportant for retailers to under-stand when the bi-weekly payswill be going to governmentemployees. In another regionwith high unemployment, con-sumer spending is dependent

on when unemployment insurance is received. Holidaysalso drive consumers’ purchasing behaviours. TheThursday before Easter is oneof the single busiest days of theyear in food retail.

The potential sales and thethemes will be laid out in the adplanning. Some weeks wherethere is more money availablethe ad might be larger or theinvestment higher. These aredictated by the retailer’s ownstrategy and what the retailerbelieves the competition willdo. They also change throughthe year as the market placeevolves. If one retailer put avery low price on a big holidayitem such as turkeys or icecream, there will be a lot of conversation about what willhappen next time.

Items will be selected to support the overall themes anddeliver the sales and marginexpectations. Usually these areon the front page and the largeinside blocks. If we return toour puzzle analogy the edge isnow done.

Find the unique or odd sectionsto build in the puzzle

The next task in building apuzzle could be to select theunique or odd sections. Forbuilding the ads these would bethe items that were advertisedand performed well the previous year in the same week.These products are relativelysafe items to plan and they willbe accepted by the groupbecause they know what theywill deliver.

Odd-shaped pieces go in next

Once you finish the uniqueand odd sections in the puzzle,you could look for the odd-shaped pieces. They stand outand you can find where they fitrelatively easily. For our catego-ry managers, these might benew items, growing items orunique products that consumersare looking for. They are top ofmind and they fit right in the adto support the four objectives.Often they might deliver ahigher margin to help balancean investment on other items.

Most ads are now completedwithout having to search for toomany more items.

The supplier’s role in completing the puzzle

Think of where your itemsfit in the puzzle. Are you anedge piece that belongs on thefront page during a holidayweek or are you part of a uniquesection to support a theme forlocal products? If you are one ofthe odd-shaped pieces you needto get on the radar so that whenthey are looking for one to fill a

spot they pick you.Help the category manager

with the facts to pick your item.What sales will you do in thead, what margin will you deliver? If you were advertisedbefore, how did the item perform and what could youboth do differently to helpimprove the results? The mostimportant thing is to be one ofthe pieces selected. You need tokeep your item top of mindwithout being too obnoxious.Reinforce the benefits of youritem within the parameters ofwhat they (not you) are trying todo.

Create your own strategy tobe part of the puzzle. If youhave other ideas for getting onthe radar or if you have anyquestions please give me a callat (902) 489-2900 or send me anemail at [email protected].

RETAIL NEWS

Major moves by Sobeys

Within the last month wehave seen two major moves bySobeys in the market. They

announced they would be taking a significant write downon the value of the Safewaypurchase and they lowered8,500 prices in Quebec.

The announcement inWestern Canada is significant asthe company integrates all of itsWestern Canada operations.Either they do not believe theywill generate the anticipatedvolume out of the market orthey will have to invest more toget the volume. Regardless itwill be a tough battle. This isinteresting for suppliers whohave worked with them throughthe transition. There will bemore challenges to achieve thedesired results.

In Quebec, which is Sobeys’strongest region, the company ismoving to get closer to the priceleaders in the market. The positioning is to make good eating more affordable, which isgreat, but the reality is the company is lowering retailprices to get closer to wherethey need to be. IGA stores arevery good stores but the pricegap can only get so large beforethe consumer will decide tospend money in other stores.

Both decisions will impactsuppliers as they work withSobeys in these markets.

WHAT’S IN STORE?

Welcome to the fast lane

In Atlantic Canada, Loblaw’shas been promoting a new pro-gram where they commit tohaving all checkouts open onSaturday and Sunday from 12-5.

As a supplier you need tounderstand they might be look-ing for assistance to pay for theinvestment and you can alsobring this up in conversationwith Loblaw Co Inc.

Peter Chapman is a retail consultant, professional speakerand the author of A la cart-A suppliers’ guide to retailers’ priorities. Peter is based inHalifax NS, where he is the principal at GPS BusinessSolutions. Peter works with producers and processors to helpthem navigate through the retailenvironment with the ultimategoal to get more of their items inthe shopping cart. [email protected].

THE GROWER

MAY 2016 –– PAGE 15

RETAIL NAVIGATOR

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FOCUS: GRAPES, BERRIES, VINEYARDS AND WINERIES

Award honours best vineyardpractices KAREN DAVIDSON

Sometimes it takes an awardto shine a light on years of quietdiligence. That’s the case withfather-and-son Howard and WesLowrey, who recently receivedCuvée Vineyard of ExcellenceAward sponsored by BASFCanada Inc. The award is givenannually for viticulture excellencein Ontario.

Organized by BrockUniversity’s Cool ClimateOenology and ViticultureInstitute (CCOVI), the Cuvéeevent is one of the largest celebrations of Ontario’s VQAwine, showcasing each winemaker’s favourite selectionto a crowd of 800 guests inNiagara Falls.

The Cuvée Vineyard ofExcellence award winner is chosen by an expert panel thatmakes field visits throughout thegrowing season to monitor quality. This year’s judgesincluded Kevin Ker, HelenFisher, Andy Reynolds and JimWillwerth.

The Lowrey’s were recognized for their three-acreCabernet Sauvignon block located within their family-run,5th generation vineyard locatedon the St. David’s bench in theNiagara peninsula.

“With Cabernet Sauvignon,it’s pretty hard to ripen in our climate,” says Wes Lowrey. “AtSt. David’s, we have a few moredegree growing days.”

This particular block washand-planted in the late 1990swith a known clone and root-stock. The soil varies from sandyto sandy loam to heavy clay – afact that’s immediately evidentwhen disking. Some vines arevigorous while others are heldback by the heavy clay.

“You have to get to know eachrow and each vine,” says Lowrey,who carries a pocket notebook

and scribbles notes frequently.“After 20 years, I treat them asindividuals.”

After soil samples are analyzed, the Lowrey’s top upwith N-P-K supplement whenneeded.

Hand thinning and leafremoval are part of the manage-ment routine. Until recently,deleafing was considered a practice that should be gentle,not disturbing the plant.However, the Lowrey’s haveexperimented with mechanicaldeleafing in Cabernet Franc andRiesling varieties. They werepleasantly surprised by theresults.

“For premium wines, we stilllike to deleaf by hand,” saysLowrey.

The intensive vineyard man-agement extends to scouting fordisease, particularly downy andpowdery mildew. Fungicide useis timed with the weather.

The judges visit mid-season,after bloom, then again prior toharvest. At this point, they arelooking for vine balance – theratio of canopy to the crop andfruit maturity. The grapes arelaboratory tested for sugar, tritable acidity, pH and phenolics.The judges then use both vineyard scores and fruit qualityassessments to make their finaldecision.

“As the leader in grape cropprotection, it is a great honour tohave the opportunity to recognizeexcellence in viticulture, and theLowreys are deserving recipients,” says Scott Hodgins,horticulture brand manager withBASF.

For a sense of their farmingphilosophy, go towww.fiverows.com. Lowreywrites:

“Five Rows Craft Wine andthe Lowrey vineyard are family-run operations that keep us in theboots most days. We welcomeyou to visit but apologize if you

find us on the tractor or undervine.”

Photo top right: This photo ofCabernet Sauvignon Clone 169was taken after Wes Lowreythinned some clusters beforeveraison.

Bottom right: (L-R), GrapeGrowers of Ontario chair,Matthias Oppenlaender, CuvéeVineyard of Excellence winnersWes Lowrey and HowardLowrey, Julia Harnal, BASFCanada Inc.



Vineyard mapping could help finetune management practices KAREN DAVIDSON

Vineyard mapping is in itsearly days, but already BrockUniversity researcher AndyReynolds sees promise for optimizing inputs to producewines at different price points.

The allure of Niagara’s peninsula region is its glacial soilsfrom 10,000 years ago. However,their variability is notorious interms of texture, depth andwater-holding capacity. Thesevariables can impact vine vigourand yield. Creative wineries usethese subtle differences in vineyard blocks, some less thanone hectare in size, to producehigh-value wines.

Thirty Bench Winery, forexample, produces four Rieslingwines based upon individualblocks. Coyote Run producesseveral Pinot Noir wines fromadjacent vineyard blocks.

While remote sensing has provided valuable data for prescriptive measures -- a little

more nitrogen in this row and lessover there for example -- newertechnologies are at hand.Trimble’s GreenSeeker cropsensing program can be used on atractor or ATV to go down thevineyard rows to collect spectralreflectance data from the canopy.The spectral reflectance indicatesthat darker leaves are likely richin nitrogen whereas chloroticleaves may be deficient in nitrogen, iron and manganese.

While some of this researchhas been ongoing since 1998,Reynolds and his research crewfrom the Cool Climate Oenologyand Viticulture Institute(CCOVI) started in earnest in2014 with GreenSeeker in sixOntario vineyards and expandedthe scope to 18 vineyards lastyear to include remote-sensing

drones. The sampling grids ineach vineyard were evaluated foryield, berry size and composition,vine water status and soil moisture.

“The data we collected (byGreenSeeker and drones) doesappear to correspond to yieldcomponents such as clusters pervine, berry weight and vine size,”says Reynolds.

The goal is to map the vineyards so that managementpractices can be tweaked in real-time. For example, with aserious grapevine leafroll virusoutbreak, specific vines can beidentified and removed.

In 2014, several vineyardblocks were suspected ofgrapevine leafroll virus. Vineyardmapping confirmed the hot zonesof the disease. The grower was

able to drop some crop to compensate for the disease.

To date, growers are showingpolite interest says Reynolds.“Growers need to know how thistechnology will help.”

In agronomic crops, Reynoldspoints out that variable-ratesprayers, fertilizer and limespreaders are in common use to

minimize variability. However,vineyards are perennial systems.Vine size and yield variability areinherent in each vineyard, challenging growers’ managementskills. In the not too distantfuture, these vagaries may bemore easily managed throughvineyard mapping.

Bayer launchesfungicide forwine grapes

On April 19, 2016, Bayerannounced the launch of Priwenfungicide for control of powderymildew in Canadian wine grapes.

“At Bayer, we are dedicatedto pursuing new tools thataddress specific needs for growers,” said Jon Weinmaster,portfolio manager, horticulture,at Bayer CropScience Inc. “Asthe only Group 5 fungicide available for wine grape growersin Canada, Priwen not onlyoffers growers a new and uniquefoliar fungicide, but one that ishighly effective against powderymildew.”

Priwen offers xylem-mobilesystemic protection, moving tothe leaf tips and underside ofleaves.

“Thanks to its unique activeingredient, Priwen is also anexcellent rotation and resistancemanagement tool, which supports wine grape growers’efforts to manage tough diseasesyear after year,” saidWeinmaster.

Priwen is formulated as a 500g/L emulsifiable concentrate andis available in 1L jugs, with 12 X1L jugs per case.

For more information regarding Priwen, growers areencouraged to talk to their localretailers, visitwww.cropscience.bayer.ca/ priwen, or follow@Bayer4CropsCA on Twitter.

Photo courtesy of Ralph Brown

– MAY 2016

THE GROWER


KAREN DAVIDSON

With 632 acres under vine,Nova Scotia’s grape growers area hardy bunch. Mostly clusteredin the Annapolis Valley with the

moderating climate of the Bayof Fundy, these growers areheartened with the recent newsof $1 million provincial govern-ment funding for expansion.

“It’s doable to double ouracreage by 2020,” says Stewart

Creaser, Avondale Sky Winery,who aims to expand from 22 to30 or 35 acres in the next fewyears. While it costs between$15,000 and $30,000 per acre toget into production, grape-growing sites are available at

reasonable cost. Dating back to1986, his vineyard is one of theoldest planted in the provinceto such white varieties asL’Acadie, Guisenheim and PetitMilo. Reds include MarchelFoch, Leon Millot and LucieKulmann.

The program will pay eachgrower up to $6,550 per acre tocover land clearing, tiledrainage, plant material, stakesand contracted labour. Growerswith a minimum of five acresplanted can apply. And newentrants are eligible for funding,provided they submit a plan by2018 and have a contract withan existing winery.

“We have a lot of newentrants from all walks of lifewho haven’t necessarily grownanything in their life,” saysChris Duyvelshoff, grape specialist, Perennia. “Thatmeans we’re teaching aboutbasic soil nutrition, disease andpest management.”

The Nova Scotia VineyardsExpansion and DevelopmentProgram provides partial funding support, providing aspecific list of hybrids andvinifera varieties suitable for theclimate. While the varietalchoices are important,Duyvelshoff says it’s also key togrow varieties for styles of winethat will sell in the province.The Winery Association ofNova Scotia has developed aTidal Bay appellation with specific guidelines on qualitycharacteristics to meet the

standard. About 12 per cent of Nova

Scotia’s wine purchases areattributed to locally-producedwines. Compared to global oreven Canadian standards, that’sa low percentage with lots ofroom to grow consumer loyalty.

“Credibility is the biggestpart of our challenge,” saysCreaser. “There’s a precon-ceived notion that we can’t produce good wines here in amarginal climate, but we’restarting to get the recognition.We can produce some world-class sparkling wines and crisp,aromatic whites that can’t begrown elsewhere. I predict afuture for rosé wines.”

He also says that theprovince has microclimates inthe Digby, Brador Lakes andSouth Shore areas that areshowing promise.

Altogether, the industry israllying for both domestic andinternational growth. Earlier thiswinter, a conference was heldtitled “Liquid Courage:Building Confidence in yourBeverage Business.” Successfulinnovators such as AshleyMcConnell from the BenjaminBridge winery and Matt Rogers,Bishop’s Cellar shared their perspectives.

For now, Stewart Creaser issticking to the business plan forhis boutique winery nearNewport. As one of 20 wineriesin the province, he’s looking tocarve out a share of farmgatesales of more than $15 million.

Nova Scotia’s grape industry aims to double acreage by 2020

Cross-country winery notes

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Liquidity Wines wins Chardonnay du Monde

Liquidity Wines, nestled in the heart of OkanaganFalls, has been awarded silver medal for world-class2013 vintage Chardonnay at the Chardonnay du Mondecompetition in France. Now in its 23 year, the competi-tion received 782 submissions from 39 countries whichwere judged by tasting panel of 300 internationalexperts.

Recognizing the world's best Chardonnays, theawards provide a benchmark of quality in an increasing-ly competitive market. Of the 259 medals awarded inthis competition 132 went to French Chardonnays and14 of those were given to Canadian wines.

Winemaker Alison Moyes and the Liquidity teampride themselves on making handcrafted wines thatexpress the individuality of the vineyard, variation ofthe season and varietal.

Starbucks announces a marriage with local wines

Coffee in the morning, wine and craft beer in theevening. Starbucks Canada hopes this recipe will bringrepeat traffic and result in a bigger share of beveragespending. Three locations opened with this concept inhigh-end Toronto neighborhoods in early April.

Two Niagara wines are on the listing. A six-ounceserving of Vintage Ink Chardonay is priced at $11 andFielding Estate Riesling is priced at $10. Small tapasplates of food are also on offer.

Will it work across Starbuck’s 1,300 locations coast tocoast? Other wine-producing regions should watch thispilot for future opportunities.

Sustainable vineyard practices prevail

When the Penticton Herald profiled Ian Mavety thispast winter, the author noted the characteristics of hisfamily’s unique vineyard at Okanagan Falls, BritishColumbia. Besides a postcard view, Blue Mountainwinery and vineyard are situated in a very dry climatethat discourages pests and disease.

According to the website, several soil fertility con-cepts have been developed including a diversity ofcover crops such as grasses, legumes and floweringspecies. On-farm-composting uses cow manure, wheatstraw and winery marc. Organic fertilizers improvenitrogen availability.

Weed management is achieved through mechanicaloperations under the vine, both hilling up and ploughing back under the vine.

For a video tour of the 2015 harvest, go tohttp://ow.ly/4mVkHt


To be selected,

Use DuPont™ Exirel™ insecticide, powered by Cyazypyr™, early in the season to give your pome fruit, stone fruit and blueberries the head-start they need during the most critical stages of development. Exirel™ has fast acting, translaminar and xylem systemic movement so you’ll be protecting new growth from diffi cult chewing and sucking pests, including aphids, plum curculio, apple maggots, codling moth, Oriental fruit moths, leafrollers, weevils and spotted wing drosophila.

Exirel™, powered by Cyazypyr™, an important part of an integrated pest management program.

Questions? Ask your retailer, call 1-800-667-3925 or visit exirel.dupont.ca

As with all crop protection products, read and follow label instructions carefully.Member of CropLife Canada.

Unless indicated, trademarks with ®, ™ or SM are trademarks of DuPont or affi liates. © 2016 DuPont.

they need to be protected.

– MAY 2016

THE GROWER


CAROLYN TEASDALE

British Columbia berry growers face very high SpottedWing Drosophila (SWD) pressure relative to other growing regions in Canada. Thispest thrives in the Fraser Valleydue to mild winters, moderatesummers and many alternativewild host plants, includingsalmonberry, Indian plum,elderberry, wild cherry,Himalayan blackberry andsnowberry. Winter trapping inthe Fraser Valley over the pastsix winters by the BC Ministryof Agriculture and E.S.Cropconsult Ltd. has shownthat SWD trap catches oftendrop off after a freezing spell inJanuary or February. However,we have just experienced a second consecutive mild winter,with few days below freezing,and flies continue to be caughtin traps around blueberry andraspberry fields. With earlyspring weather, the degree daymodel developed by OregonState University predicts thatoverwintering SWD will start tolay their eggs in the FraserValley in mid-May. Populationstypically increase exponentiallyfrom late spring through thesummer as moderate temperatures in coastal B.C.favour reproduction.

SWD is so pervasive in B.C.that raspberry, blueberry andblackberry growers can assumethat their fields are at risk and

need protection as soon as thefruit starts to colour. Last year,raspberry and blueberry harvests started in mid-June.Berry growers are encouraged touse both cultural and chemicalcontrols to manage this pest,including:

• Wet traps to monitor adultflies and inform managementdecisions. • Float out tests (salt or sugarsolution) to detect larvae in ripefruit. • Short harvest intervals.Timely harvest is critical, as latehanging fruit is highly prone toinfestation. • Regular pesticide sprayswhen fruit is colouring.• Pesticide rotation to delaythe development of resistance.SWD resistance to insecticidesis a major concern. Multiplegenerations of SWD per year inB.C. increase this risk. • Cold storage for fruit immediately after harvest tomaintain fruit quality.• Removal and management ofcull fruit. Avoid situating compost piles or cull piles nearberry fields. • Management of alternativehost plants. Remove flowersand fruit from alternative hostplants that are growing inhedgerows adjacent to berryfields.

Different markets have different SWD tolerance thresholds. For farm directsales, light levels of SWD

infestation may be tolerable.However, for berries going tofresh-market domestic wholesale, export markets orprocessing, a high level of SWDmanagement is required. Fruitthat arrives at packers andprocessors is assessed for SWDinfestation with a high level ofscrutiny. For many buyers,there is zero tolerance for SWDand detection at any levelresults in rejection and/or downgrading to juice grade.

The BC Ministry ofAgriculture continues to workcollaboratively with SWDresearchers at Agriculture andAgri-Food Canada’sSummerland Research andDevelopment Centre, through-out the Pacific Northwest, andacross Canada to better understand the biology andbehavior of SWD in hopes ofdeveloping new tools that couldminimize the impact of this peston our berry industry.

For more information onSWD, please check out the BCMinistry of Agriculture’s PestAlert:http://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/industry/agriculture-seafood/animals-and-crops/plant-health/insects-and-plant-diseases/tree-fruits/spotted-wing-drosophila

Carolyn Teasdale is industry specialist, berries for the BCMinistry of Agriculture.

Managing spotted wing drosophila in B.C. berry crops

Carolyn Teasdale inspects raspberry canes in mid-April.

We have just experienced a second consecutive mild winter, with few daysbelow freezing, and flies continue to be caught in traps around blueberry andraspberry fields.



KAREN DAVIDSON

Biopesticides deserverespect. Once derided as snakeoil, today’s products haveproven benefits in suppressingpest organisms. Whether theyactivate plant defenses, parasitize or inhibit pathogengrowth or make the environ-ment less favourable to disease,they can play an integral role incrop protection.

While the greenhouse sectorfirst excelled at incorporatingbiopesticides in controlled environments, the learnings arenow being extended to fieldproduction. Berries are primecandidates for biopesticides inan integrated pest managementsystem according to Anissa Poleatewich, researchscientist, plant pathology,Vineland Research andInnovation Centre (Vineland).

She outlined how to use theseproducts in a Biocontrol BerryDay sponsored by the OntarioBerry Growers’ Association onMarch 8.

“To date, biopesticides havenot been used widely in berries,but with pathogen resistance tofungicides increasing, biocontrolcan play a role,” saysPoleatewich. “Rotating betweenchemical and biocontrol products and in some cases,tank mixing biopesticides withconventional products is anoption.”

Biopesticides are derivedfrom natural materials such asanimals, plants, bacteria andcertain minerals. These includemicroorganisms and naturally-occurring substances. They suppress diseases with uniquemodes of action, offering preventative but not curativecontrol. Working best at low tomoderate disease pressures,

they promote rooting and plantgrowth.

One example is a productcalled Rootshield distributed byBioWorks. It releases enzymesthat dissolve the cell wall ofmany fungal pathogens, promoting a healthier root system. This enables plants toresist stress and to have betteruptake of nutrients. The bonusis that there is zero re-entryinterval.

Make no mistake.Biopesticides cannot offer 100per cent protection nor are theyeffective at high disease pressures. They do not lastindefinitely and don’t workunder environmental extremes.

What makes biopesticidesunique is that their modes ofaction differ from conventionalfungicides. And several modesof action are often at play. Forexample:

• antagonistic metabolites aretoxins or enzymes that kill orinterfere with other microorgan-isms• induced host resistance meansplant defenses are turned on• nutrient and niche competi-tion means that the biocontrolagent outcompetes thepathogen for space or nutrients • predation or parasitism meansthe microbial agent attacks orconsumes the pathogen

By deploying several modesof action, growers are able tomanage development of resistance to conventional cropprotection products. Mostbiopesticides are exempt fromMaximum Residue Limits(MRLs) and receive high marksfor worker safety. There is minimal impact on beneficialorganisms.

As Poleatewich points out,there is a different mindset in

using biopesticides. Rather thancontrolling disease at high costswhich is often reactive innature, she says that growersmust be more proactive in managing disease below an economically damaging threshold.

“This is a continual processand growers must know thepathogen biology,” she says. “A learning curve is needed andwill likely involve extensionspecialists and product technicalsupport. Apply according to thelabel and check for compatibili-ty with other products.”

Her best advice to berrygrowers is to limit pathogenspread with cultural practices.Limit conditions that arefavourable to disease. Start earlyand start clean. Promote planthealth. Use disease-resistantvarieties.

Biopesticides examined for role in field production

Most biological controls are preventative . . . they must be applied before symptomsappear. Source: Syngenta STRI Tech Notes Issue 12 - Fundamentals of fungicide selection

There is a different mindset in using biopesticides. Rather than controlling disease athigh costs which is often reactive in nature,growers must be more proactive in managing disease below an economically damaging threshold.

~ ANISSA POLEATEWICH

“

“

THE GROWER

PAGE 22 –– MAY 2016

PAM FISHER

Strawberry aphid,Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, is themain vector of strawberry virusdiseases in northeasternCanada. This aphid is a majorpest which routinely requirescontrol.If you don’t have a planfor managing the strawberryaphid, your fields will continueto decline year after year fromvirus diseases.

At a recent winter meeting,John Lewis, a berry crop specialist with Perennia, outlined a virus managementstrategy that is working well inNova Scotia. • Reduce inoculum – removeolder strawberry fields that areinfested with viruses. Thesefields are probably low in vigourand patchy in appearance. • Start new fields with cleanplants from an accredited plantgrower, and isolate new fieldsfrom sources of virus such asolder fields, and wild strawberries. • Monitor for vectors –aphids,whiteflies

• Control strawberry aphidsduring their flight period.

Most growers in Nova Scotiaare using this strategy and as aresult, Lewis reported a significant decline in virus levels over three years.

What’s your plan to monitor andcontrol strawberry aphids?

When to spray for aphids:

• Overwintering aphid eggsbegin to hatch in early May.Check for eggs on the lower leafsurface of overwintering straw-berry leaves. If eggs are easy tofind, they should be controlledafter all aphid eggs havehatched but before aphids beginto fly around to new places inthe field.

• Aphids begin to fly early tomid- June and the flight periodcan last for six to eight weeks.Aphid monitoring and control isrequired throughout this period.Check for aphids weekly toknow when your fields are mostat risk. Collect 60 new, unfold-ed or partially unfolded leaves

from strawberry plants through-out the field, and determine thenumber of aphids per leaf.Economic thresholds have notbeen determined. However,because aphid populations canbuild quickly, try to keep populations below 15 aphids/60leaves. This is especially important in new plantings!

Insecticide options for strawberry aphid control:

Cygon 480-Ag and Lagon 480E(dimethoate, Group 1B): Thesesystemic insecticides are verytoxic to bees and should not beused when white buds or bloomare present. These products areeconomical and effective, andgood options for non-bearingplantings. Use of Cygon 480-Agand Lagon 480E during the pre-bloom period will also control tarnished plant bugadults. These broad-spectruminsecticides will probably havesome activity on leafhoppers,leafrollers and clipper weevils.

Thionex 50 W (endosulfan,group 2): This product has

provided poor to mediocre control of aphids in recentyears. It has a seven-12 day re-entry period and will not beregistered after 2016. When targeting aphids, use Thionex50 W only when aphids and tarnished plant bug are presenttogether. Re-assess control andbe prepared to apply anotheraphicide if needed.

Admire 240 F and Alias 240 SC(imidacloprid, group 4A): Thesesystemic insecticides are highlytoxic to bees. They can beapplied at different rates, as ahigh volume spray to the soil or(Admire only) as a foliar spray.The soil applications will provide good aphid and leafhopper control for approximately three weeks, butwill limit the use of other group4A insecticides for the rest ofthe season. For example, if youapply Admire or Alias as a soildrench, you should not applyAdmire, Assail, Clutch or Actarafor any pest for the rest of theyear. However, they are a goodchoice in new plantings wherewhite grubs could also be aproblem.

Assail 70 WP (acetamiprid,group 4A): This locally systemicinsecticide is moderately toxicto bees. It is also labelled fortarnished plant bug (at the highlabelled rate) and leafhoppers,so it is a good choice whenthese pests are also a concern. Sivanto Prime (flupyradifurone,group 4D): This is a recent registration and is expected toprovide good aphid control.

Unlike most group 4 insecti-cides, Sivanto is considered safeto beneficial insects and bees,although it should not besprayed directly on bees whenthey are working. It can beused in rotation with othergroup 4 insecticides if there isno other option. It has noknown activity on strawberrypests other than aphids,although it controls leafhoppersand whiteflies on other crops.This should be a great productto use in rotation with Beleaf.

Beleaf 50 SG (flonicamid, group9): This product provides goodcontrol of aphids, is safe to beesand beneficials, and will alsosuppress tarnished plant bug (atthe high labelled rate).Although aphids apparently stopfeeding within hours of beingtreated, they might take a fewdays to die. This is a greatproduct to use in rotation withSivanto.

Malathion, Mako, Decis,Matador, Rimon: These products do not control aphidsin strawberries!

Monitoring and control ofstrawberry aphids is an important part of a strawberrypest management program.Weekly scouting and three tofive insecticide applications ayear are part of the “new normal” and important for virusmanagement in strawberries.

Pam Fisher is berry crop specialist,OMAFRA.

What’s your plan for strawberry aphid control?

The ‘AQUA Wetland System’“A new breed of constructed wetland”

AQUA Treatment Technologies Inc. designs and installs the ‘AQUA Wetland System’ (AWS) for tertiary treatment of many types of waste water including sanitary sewage, landfill leachate, dairy farm & abattoirwastewater, greenhouse irrigation leachate water & mushroom farm leachate water (i.e. manure pileleachate) and high strength winery washwater.

The ‘AQUA Wetland System’ is operated out ofdoors and can achieve year-round tertiary treat-ment of wastewater. This sub-surface, vertical flowconstructed wetland consists of sand & gravel bedsplanted with moisture tolerant plant species. Wateris pumped vertically from cell to cell. There is noopen or standing water. Treatment occurs throughphysical filtration & biological degradation. Plantsshade & insulate the cells, cycling nutrients whilepreventing algae growth. There is noproduction of sludge.

The AWS has been approved for use by the Ontario Ministry of Environment through over 40 EnvironmentalCompliance Approvals. Recently the Region of Niagara began approving the AWS for treatment of ‘smallflow’ winery washwater I.e. < 10,000 liters per day. Other agencies who have issued approvals includeHealth Canada, USEPA and OMAFRA. Recent projects include:1) treatment & re-use of greenhouse irrigation leach water at greenhouses in Niagara & Haldimand2) treatment of winery wastewater at Greenlane Estates Winery & numerousother in Niagara 3) treatment of landfill leachate at sites in Pembroke, Niagara and Alabama

For additional information please Contact LloydRozema at: cell. 905-327-4571email. [email protected]

Check new leaves for strawberry aphids.

Don’t forget to control aphids in new strawberry plantings as wellas fruiting fields.


BERRY FOCUS

PAM FISHER

Spotted wing drosophila is an invasiveinsect pest that is here to stay. We knowit is present from Windsor to Ottawa andat least as far north as New Liskeard.Management of this difficult pestrequires a plan.

Plan to improve spray coverage: Makesure that each spray provides the bestpossible control by ensuring verythorough coverage of the crop. SWDflies are weak fliers and hang out aroundthe inside and lower canopy. Prune yourcrop for better spray penetration andbetter SWD control.

Plan your insecticide program:Insecticides which are fully registeredfor spotted wing drosophila have beenincluded in OMAFRA Publication 360,Guide to Fruit Production, 2016-2017.We expect that additional products willbe registered through the emergency useregistration process. Check theOMAFRA website (Ontario.ca\spotted-wing) and ONFruit.wordpress.com for afull listing of products registered in 2016.Weekly insecticides are required whenflies are active and ripe fruit is present.It is important to choose products fromdifferent groups rather than use oneproduct or group of products repeatedly.

Plan to harvest routinely: When SWD isactive, crops should be harvested every2-3 days and all ripe fruit removed with

each pass. Unmarketable fruit should beremoved from the field at the same timeas fruit is harvested.

Plan a continuous cold chain after harvest: Harvested fruit should be cooledquickly and stay cold throughout the various stages of marketing.Temperatures below 2°C (35°F) willslow the development of any SWD eggsand larvae in the fruit. A high percentageof eggs and larvae will be killed in coldstorage.

Plan to do salt-water tests: We think thatmonitoring fruit for early signs of SWDinfestation is easier and more efficientthan trapping. Information on how to dothis test is posted at Ontario.ca\spotted-wing. Collect your supplies and make

the salt water solution up ahead of time,so the task can be a simple routine during harvest.

Plan to say informed: The Ontario BerryGrowers Association and OMAFRA willco-ordinate a regional monitoring program for SWD in 2016. Traps will beset at 20-25 sites across Ontario andmaintained with the help of volunteersand OMAFRA students. Updates onSWD activity will be posted weekly atOntario.ca\spottedwing andONFruit.wordpress.com. Check theseinformation sources often for updates onSWD activity in your area.

Pam Fisher is berry crop specialist,OMAFRA.

What is your plan for Spotted Wing Drosophila control in 2016?

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Table 1: Insecticides registered or pending for SWD control in Ontario berry crops in 2016

Product Active ingredient(group) Crop registrations Preharvest

interval Imidan 70 Insta-pak phosmet (group 1b) Blueberries 14 days

Delegate spinetoram (group 5) Blueberries and bushberry crop group 13-07B 3 days

Raspberries and blackberries 1 day

Strawberries 1 day

Entrust, Success spinosad(group 5)

Blueberries and bushberry crop group 13-07B 3 days

Raspberries and blackberries 1 day

Strawberries 1 day

Exirel cyantraniliprolegroup 28

Blueberries and bushberry crop group 13-07B 3 days

Mako cypermethrin, group 3 Emergency use registration anticipated for raspberries, blackberries and strawberries

Malathion 85E malathion, group 1B

Emergency use registration anticipated for raspberries, blackberries, strawberries and blueberries

*bushberries = Crops in crop group 13-07B, including elderberries, haskaps, saskatoon berriesFigure 1: SWD survival and development can be reduced by holding fruit at 2°C immediately after harvest and all through themarketing chain.

Effect of postharvest temperature on survival of SWD in blueberries (Source Hannah Burrack, NC State University)

– MAY 2016

THE GROWER

MINOR USE

JIM CHAPUT

Agriculture and Agri-FoodCanada, Pest ManagementCentre (AAFC-PMC) hostedthe 14th national minor use priority setting workshop inOttawa at the end of March.

This meeting broughttogether university and federalresearchers, crop extension specialists, provincial specialists,minor use coordinators, regis-trants, PMRA representatives,growers and grower organizationrepresentatives, processingcompanies and other stakehold-

ers. In addition several individ-uals from the U.S. IR-4 programalso attended the meeting.

The purpose of this meetingwas to review the top minor usepriorities identified by each ofthe provinces for all cropsincluding ornamentals and toestablish the top priority projects for Agriculture andAgri-Food Canada, PestManagement Centre (AAFC-PMC) to do work on in 2017.

A preliminary nematodeworkshop was held on theMonday afternoon, was wellattended but did not identifymany new management

options. The first full day of theminor use program coveredpathology priorities, the secondday covered entomology priori-ties and the third day coveredweed science priorities. Thisyear biopesticide priorities werereviewed at the beginning ofeach discipline day and basedupon national interest, two orthree potential biopesticidesprojects were chosen each dayfor a merit analysis that willeventually choose three biopes-ticides Category A projects forPMC to undertake.

For the conventional minoruse needs for each of the threemain pest management disci-plines, up to 10 top priorities(ranked as As) are chosen froma long list of identified crop protection product solutions.Additional secondary priorities(ranked as Bs) were also chosenfor each discipline each day.

The provincial minor usecoordinators could also add fiveregional upgrade projects at theend of the process and theorganic industry could also addtwo priority projects to the listof chosen projects.

Additional top crop/pestissues that did not have anyidentifiable solutions were alsochosen to be part of minor usescreening trials designed to findsome useful solutions for grow-ers. At this year’s meeting thetop priorities chosen for thisgroup (called APWS) includedbalsam shoot boring sawfly onChristmas trees, blossom blighton alfalfa, Septoria on outdoorornamentals, broadleaf weedson coriander and quinoa.

The discussions, collabora-tions and decisions made at thismeeting demonstrated the critical needs producers haveand how the system can work toaddress them. Growers,researchers, registrants, provincial specialists and otherstakeholders worked to reachconsensus and negotiate needs.Overall the process was success-ful and now the next step is forAAFC-PMC to complete theminor use submissions thatwere agreed upon. Additionallythe provinces also have to follow up on a number ofpotential submissions and rationales for minor use needs.

The following table summa-rizes the projects agreed uponfor each discipline. These projects will be submitted tothe PMRA by AAFC-PMC, andthe data requirements complet-ed in 2018-2019. Registrationdecisions for these will likelyoccur in late 2019 and 2020. Afinal version of the top projectswill be available this summer onthe AAFC-PMC website:http://www.agr.gc.ca/env/pest/index_e.php

Jim Chaput is OMAFRA’s minoruse coordinator based in Guelph.

Report from the 14th Annual National Minor Use Priority Setting Workshop

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MINOR USE

Report from the 14th Annual National Minor Use Priority Setting WorkshopCrop/Crop Group Pest(s) Product Solution Active Ingredient Solution Registrant

BIOPESTICIDE PROJECTS ** only 3 of these go forward after merit analysisOutdoor and GH food and non-food crops

Insects, diseases Prev-Am orange oil Oro-Agri

Outdoor and GH food and non-food crops

Diseases Bio-Tam Trichoderma asperellum, gamsii Isagro

Outdoor food crops Birds Flockbuster oils of cinnamon, thyme, peppermint, rosemary, citric acid

Skeet-R-Gone


Whiteflies, aphids, mites,leafminers

PRF-97 Isaria fumosorosea Certis


Insects Spear spider venom peptides Vestaron

Outdoor food, non-food crops Weeds Weed Zap cinnamon oil, clove oil JH Biotech

Outdoor food, non-food crops Weeds Matran clove oil Keyplex

WEED SCIENCE PROJECTS

Celariac Weeds Select clethodim Bayer

Garlic Weeds Chateau flumioxazin Valent

Leeks Weeds (muck soil) Prowl pendimethalin BASF

Chinese cabbage Weeds Delect clethodim Bayer

Rice Weeds Sandea halosulfuron Gowan

Timothy Weeds Pixxaro halauxifen + fluroxypyr + mcpa Dow Agro

Mint Weeds Aim carfentrazone ethyl FMC

Flax Weeds Armezon topramazone BASF

Celery Weeds Select clethodim Bayer

Coriander Weeds APWS TBD TBD

Quinoa Weeds APWS TBD TBD

ENTOMOLOGY PROJECTS

Spinach Flea beetles Pyganic pyrethrins MGK

Mustard greens Flea beetles Pyganic pyrethrins MGK

GH peppers Pepper weevil IKI 3106 cyclaniliprole ISK

Blueberry, lowbush Flea beetle Mako cypermethrin Engage

Strawberry SWD Malathion (rate increase) malathion Loveland

Basil Aphids Beleaf flonicamid ISK

Asparagus Asparagus beetle Success (reduce PHI) spinosad Dow Agro

Quinoa Beet webworm Coragen chlorantraniliprole DuPont

Xmas trees Balsam shoot boring sawfly APWS TBD TBD

Outdoor ornamentals Red headed flea beetle IKI 3106 cyclaniliprole ISK

Outdoor ornamentals White pine weevil Matador cyhalothrin-lambda Syngenta

PLANT PATHOLOGY PROJECTS

Lettuce, GH Botrytis Adepidyn pydiflumetofen Syngenta

Swiss Chard Cercospora Cueva copper Neudorff

GH pepper Fusarium Adepidyn pydiflumetofen Syngenta

GH tomato Powdery mildew Pyriofenone pyriofenone ISK

Raspberry Botrytis Adepidyn pydiflumetofen Syngenta

Alfalfa Blossom blight APWS TBD TBD

Hops Powdery mildew Folicur tebuconazole Bayer

GH ornamentals Downy mildew Subdue Maxx metalaxyl-m Syngenta

Ornamentals outdoor Septoria APWS TBD TBD

REGIONAL UPGRADE PROJECTS

Sweet corn (MARITIMES) Aphids Beleaf flonicamid ISK

Radish (QC) Downey mildew Confine k salts of phosphorous acid ACC

Cherries (ON) Aphids Pyganic pyrethrins MGK

Field peppers (PRAIRIES) Lepidoptera Verimark cyantraniliprole DuPont

Blueberries (BC) Aphids Beleaf flonicamid ISK

ORGANIC PRIORITIES

Lettuce, head Tarnished plantbug Pyganic pyrethrins MGK

Lettuce, leaf ThripsAphids Pyganic pyrethrins MGK

– MAY 2016

THE GROWER

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For Sale: 200 + lengths of WadeRain irrigation pipe,3” x 40 ft long complete withsprinkler heads. Very good condition. Call Gord at 905.541.2781.

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MINOR USE

Dual II Magnum herbicide label expanded for management of weeds on celery, Asian radish, eggplant and parsnips in CanadaJIM CHAPUT

The Pest Management Regulatory Agency(PMRA) recently announced the approval of severalURMULE registrations for Dual II Magnum herbicide for management of weeds on celery, Asianradish (daikon, lo bok, mooli), parsnips and eggplanttransplants in Canada. Dual II Magnum herbicidewas already labeled for use on a wide range of cropsfor weed control in Canada.

The minor use project for celery was originallysubmitted by Ontario in 2010 and completed byAAFC-PMC. The minor use project for eggplant wassponsored by Ontario in 2014 and the projects forparsnip and Asian radish were sponsored by AAFC-PMC in 2012 all as a result of minor use prioritiesestablished by growers and extension personnel.

The following is provided as an abbreviated,

general outline only. Users should consult the com-plete label before using Dual II Magnum herbicide.

Dual II Magnum herbicide is toxic to aquaticorganisms. Do not apply this product or allow drift toother crops or non-target areas. Do not contaminateoff-target areas or aquatic habitats when spraying orwhen cleaning and rinsing spray equipment or con-tainers. Follow all other precautions and directionsfor use on the Dual II Magnum label carefully.

For a copy of the new minor use label contact yourlocal crop specialist, regional supply outlet or visit thePMRA label site www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/regis-trant-titulaire/tools-outils/label-etiq-eng.php

Jim Chaput is OMAFRA’s minor use coordinator based inGuelph.

Editor’s note: For more information including a charton usage visit www.thegrower.org

Belchim Crop Protection NV to take stake in Canadian company Engage AgroBelchim Crop Protection NV,

Londerzeel, Belgium is acquiring a sig-nificant minority stake in the Canadiancompany, Engage Agro Corporation. Theagreement which will take effect in May,2016 was signed between DirkPutteman, CEO of Belchim CropProtection and Ray Chyc of Engage Agroalong with a number of other sharehold-ers.

Engage Agro, based in Guelph,Ontario, Canada distributes productsfrom a large range of international R&D

based companies. The company employs40 people and is one of the largest independent crop protection distributioncompanies in Canada. The company’sprimary focus is to develop, register andmarket crop protection and cropenhancement products for the Canadianmarket. The synergies between BelchimCrop Protection and Engage Agro willmake this company one of the leadingprivately-owned distribution companiesin the Canadian Market.

Today Belchim Crop Protection has

strong market positions in EU28 countries. The company portfolio consists of a wide range of crop protection products including specialtiesin important European crops such aspotatoes, vines, vegetables and corn.

Ray Chyc, of Engage Agro says, “Wehave a tremendous family at Engage,and are ecstatic to now be partneringwith a family-owned company likeBelchim who has the same roots andcore values as we do. Work boots toboardrooms, we like to get things done.

We now especially look forward to continue to work with growers acrossCanada and suppliers around the globeto bring unique, value-added products tothe Canadian market, as we have beendoing for the last 20 years.” The compa-ny plans to run “business as usual” outof its office in Guelph, Ontario.

Source: Engage Agro news release


‘A farmer’s job is neverdone.’

This has never been truerthan it is today. Not only dogrowers have more paperworkthan ever before, they are nowexpected to do others’ work too!It is bad enough that we areexpected to do our own pestassessments to get a planthealth certificate, (becausethere are not enough paidinspectors left to do it and theycost too much anyway) but westill get to pay for the certifi-cate! Maybe the price of paper(or electronic message) has risenas fast as gas prices!

When it comes to defendingthe right to use pesticides thatwe (and the rest of the world)have been using without issuefor decades, it seems we mustgenerate the data that shouldhave been used in the firstplace in making the proposeddecision! I am not sure if theregistrant should have been ontop of that, or Pest ManagementRegulatory Agency (PMRA) orboth. Certainly the use of old orvery old (and never Canada-applicable anyway) data wouldNEVER be allowed to register apesticide. However, it seems itis quite alright to use (misuse) itto try to eliminate some or alluses of an old reliable product!

We are told that new data isacceptable for us to submit inan attempt to alter the published proposal(s). It is nowup to growers across Canada toprovide that information asPMRA has never ever asked for

it in the past. Oh, and we needit within the next 30 days! Asample of a survey form is available opposite in TheGrower. PLEASE take the timeRIGHT NOW to fill it out andsend it back to me.

There have been other surveys sent out by theCanadian Horticultural Council(CHC), some by registrants, andsome from commodity groups. Iapplaud them for this. It is better to over-ask for this datathan to wish more people hadbeen contacted after the decision has been finalized!

Registrants also have somehard data to find or create. Inthe absence of a DislodgeableFoliar Residue Study, PMRAwill default to using a genericnumber that is inherently conservative (high). A simplechange from a generic 25 percent to a ‘real’ 5 per cent meansa five-fold (five times) lowerestimate of what may be rubbedoff a sprayed plant onto a worker in a treated field post-harvest! It is upon suchchanges that huge changes tothe outcome of a review rest.Likewise, if a worker neverneeds to enter a field and comeinto plant contact after a pesticide has been applied, thatis also a critical factor. Somefield practices of 30 years agoare now gone with the advent ofgood herbicides, (no more handweeding after early emergenceand well before fungicide andinsecticide use), the use of precision planters, (no morehand thinning of plants to get optimum plant stands), andsolid set, centre pivot, trickleand trickle tape irrigation systems have almost eliminatedthe need to move pipes acrossthe crop in season. Much of thepesticide application is nowdone with closed cabs withcharcoal filters so the operatorhas no direct crop contact. Evenwhen cultivating, mowing grassbetween rows, and mechanicalthinning involves little actualfoliage contact.

Many activities that do

involve plant contact are doneearly in the season. Pruning ofmost fruit crops is done in thedormant season before applica-tions commence. Pruning andsubsequent tying of grapes mustbe completed just as the sapstarts to flow to allow canemanipulation without breakage.

It is at the later post-bloomthinning of tree fruit whereworkers may be first exposed toresidues. However, with modern tree planting styles andconfigurations, and with the useof mobile platforms, the workerexposure is minimal as compared to 30 years ago. Theonly real point of contact is thehands, and the use of nitrilegloves of today all but eliminates even that. Gone arethe days of the bulky lined yellow gloves that got the handshot and sweaty. The gloves likeyour dentist or doctor uses arecomfortable and cheap and dothe job.

Scouting is perhaps the activity with the most potentialfor foliar contact. Given thatthey can access spray recordsand know the re-entry times,

they will be able to minimizeundue contact. Even so, theyare supervised by trained professionals, and must wearappropriate safety gear such asboots, long pants, long sleeves,and if necessary, nitrile gloves.Regardless of the time spent inthe field, their actual skin contact is so little as to be characterized as minimal.

The last main opportunityfor plant contact is hand harvesting. This is slowlybecoming a thing of the pastexcept for a few key crops.Here we must be able to document how much (%) of acrop is hand harvested versusmachine harvested. We mustalso consider whether gloves arepractical for use. Lastly, wemust consider the longest pre-harvest interval can be acceptedif it must also coincide with there-entry for hand harvest.

All of these factors are important on every horticulturalcrop we grow. That is becausethe data may be needed todefend the continued use andreasonable re-entry times forscouting or harvest activities for

virtually every pesticide we use.We face re-evaluations of all ourimportant fungicides immedi-ately, and several other productsin the next six months.

I cannot state loudly enoughthat the entire future of horticultural crop production inCanada is facing an uncertainand possibly dismal future without the ability to use thesefungicides!

Growers have enough paperwork to do, and I am asking youall to do a bit more. We want todefend the use of these products, but need your help!We need registrant help too assome data is beyond our scope.Remember, WE own the usepatterns and the crop produc-tion practices! We need to showwe can accept our responsibili-ty. We also need to insist thatwe can be responsible to ensurethe use of gloves if that meansbetter worker protection, andthe continuation of these registrations!

We are at bat, and we need ahome run. Please. Can you helphit the ball out of the park?

CRAIG HUNTEROFVGA

MINOR USE

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MINOR USE

Canadian grower fungicide survey deadline: May 15

Please complete this survey for each crop that you grow.

1. Please indicate the specific crop to which this survey applies on your farm. Foradditional crops, please fill out another survey.

2. Please indicate the number of hours per week and the number of weeks per season workers spend on each activity on your farm for the indicated crop.

Per Week Number of weeks per season

a. Pruning

b. Tying

c. Thinning

d. Hand weeding

e. Moving irrigation pipes

f. Scouting

g. Hand harvest

h. Mowing, cultivating

i. (Other- name)

In addition, please answer the following: (circle one)3. Do you have a Grower Pesticide Safety Certificate? YES NO

4. Do you have an On-Farm Safety Program? YES NO

5. Do you ensure that workers follow the re-entry intervals and wear the proper personal protective gear such as long pants and gloves? YES NO

6. Please list the current fungicides in use on your farm for the selected crop:

7. How many total acres may be affected by proposed changes to fungicide registration for the indicated crop?

8. Why do you need to be able to use this particular product?

9. Are there any effective fungicide replacements for the selected crop available?(If you answer yes, specify which replacements are available) YES NO

10. How many jobs are at stake on your farm if you can no longer grow the selectedcrop profitably?

11. What is your estimated loss of production (in Canadian dollars) if you can nolonger grow the selected crop profitably?

Note: Please consider these points when writing to your MP or MPP about any pesticide issue.Remember that politicians assess the impact of change in terms of effect on the local andnational economy, employment, trade and may not have any idea about the value of the use ofpesticides.

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Fungicide tools are at risk due to regulatory pressures. The Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) is in need of real numbers and statistics regarding the use offungicide application on-farm to help decide what exposure times are for various activities. Each activity may lead to worker exposure to any pesticide that has been appliedto the crop. These anonymous surveys will be aggregated for the Canadian Horticultural Council - Crop Protection Advisory Committee submission to PMRA.

The exposure often depends on the time a worker is exposed, such as average number of hours a day and days in a season. Some activities occur before any pesticide issprayed such as tying and pruning grapes, so these should be ignored. Scouting a crop may be an hour twice a week on a farm all season. Please give a number or a zero ifthat activity does not occur on your farm.

Complete the survey online at www.surveymonkey.com/r/growerfungicidesurveyor print and mail to the attention of Craig Hunter 105-355 Elmira Road North Guelph, ON N1K1S5

THE GROWER

PAGE 32 –– MAY 2016

MAKE TIME FOR WHAT REALLY MATTERS. CORAGEN® CAN HELP.

DuPont™

Coragen®

insecticide

1In line with Integrated Pest Management and Good Agricultural Practices, insecticide applications should be made when pollinators are not foraging to avoid unnecessary exposure.

As with all crop protection products, read and follow label instructions carefully.Member of CropLife Canada.

Unless indicated, trademarks with ®, ™ or SM are trademarks of DuPont or affi liates. © 2016 DuPont.

You’re proud of your vegetable crops. Let’s face it. No one ever looks back and wishes they’d spentmore time controlling cutworms, armyworms, diamondback moths and swede midge. We get that. DuPontTM Coragen® is powered by Rynaxypyr®, a unique active ingredient and a novel mode-of-action that delivers fl exible, long-lasting control of key insects, so you have time for more important things. Its environmental profi le makes Coragen® a great fi t for an Integrated Pest Management Program and it has minimal impact on benefi cial insects and pollinators when applied at label rates1.

For farmers who want more time and peace of mind, Coragen® is the answer. Questions? Ask your retailer, call 1-800-667-3925 or visit coragen.dupont.ca

the grower may 2016

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