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Page 1: The History of Atoms

Earth Air Fire Water

History of the AtomChemistry I

Page 2: The History of Atoms

--------------- 400 BC: Democritus ----------------1803: Dalton ----------------1904: Thompson ----------------1911: Ernest Rutherford ----------------1915: Niels Bohr ----------------1927: Louis de Brogile ----------------1932: James Chadwick

Atomic Model TimelineAtomic Model Timeline

Page 3: The History of Atoms

Democritus Model and His Ideas• born around 460 BC in north Greece

• rejected the Eleatic school hypothesis that “everything is one” and change and motion is an illusion

everything consists of an infinite amount of very small particles called “atoms” and space

• atoms can be physically divided, are indestructible, contain no space, and are eternal

• many types of atoms having different sizes and shape

• atoms move at random like gases

Page 4: The History of Atoms

Dalton Model

• born in England in 1766

• wanted to take up law or medicine but his family didn’t approve

• after being laid off he began keeping a record of meteorology and air circulation

• he then became a secretary to a philosophical society where he presented his essays on gas laws

is now most known for theory his theory that all atoms of a given elementare exactly alike and atoms of a different element have different atomic weights and the plum pudding model

Page 5: The History of Atoms

Thomson Model• born in England in 1856

• was always interested in science

• disproved the assumption that atoms were clear

• discovered that atoms contain electrons after deflecting rays from the electric field

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:J.J_Thomson.jpg
Page 6: The History of Atoms

Rutherford Model• born in 1871

• came up with the terms alpha and beta during his research of radioactivity and discovered the half-life

• shot alpha and beta particles through gold foil and discovered that most went through, indicating that atoms are mostly space

• some particles bounced back, providing proof of the positive nucleus

• suggested Thompson’s plum pudding model was incorrect

Page 7: The History of Atoms

Bohr Model

• born in 1885 in Denmark

• Helped found the Institute of Theoretical Physics

• worked on the Manhattan Project in the U.S.

• Determined that electrons orbit the nucleus in shells and can be movedto other shells

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Niels_Bohr.jpg

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