the human mosaic chapter one human geography: a cultural approach
TRANSCRIPT
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The Human MosaicThe Human Mosaic
CHAPTER ONECHAPTER ONE
Human Geography: A Cultural Human Geography: A Cultural ApproachApproach
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Aboriginal Painting, Australia. What do you think it depicts?
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Catholic Church in Honduras
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Buddhist temple in Laos
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I. Introduction:
► What is geography?► What is culture?► What is cultural geography?► Power, ideology & postmodernism► Five themes in cultural geography:
1) Culture Region2) Cultural Diffusion3) Cultural Ecology4) Cultural Interaction5) Cultural Landscapes
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What determines the production of wheat worldwide?
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Generalized model of a Latin American city
Explaining the processes at work shaping Latin American cities.
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Culture Region► formal culture regions► functional culture regions► vernacular culture regions
terminology: cultural traits, cultural borders, border zones, nodes, core-periphery patterns, perception and identity
Vernacular often refers to the language or dialect spoken by ordinary (“folkish”) people in a particular region. Vernacular regions refer toperceived regions (and their mental maps) like the “Midwest”, “Dixie”, the “Outback”, themselves expressions of their ordinary people’s culture.
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Inuit hunter with his dogsled team
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Formal Regions of Europebased on language and religion
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East vs. west and north vs. south in Germany
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Traditional rural formal culture regions of North America
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Culture regions, traits and boundary (or border) zones
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Aerial view of Denver. Can you see any boundary zones?
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A valley filled with farms
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“Dixie”: a vernacular culture region.
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San Fernando Valley (“the valley”, “valspeak”, “valley girl”)
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Cultural Diffusion(after Torsten Hägerstrand)
►expansion diffusioncontagious, hierarchical, stimulus
►relocation diffusion
terminology: independent innovation, time-distance decay, absorbing barriers, permeable barriers, neighborhood effect, migration, transnational migrants & globalization
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Types of Cultural Diffusion
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Early diffusion of the printing press in Europe
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Diffusion of HIV/AIDS in Ohio
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According to your textbook, a demonstration against the deportation of immigrants in Germany. The banner, however, seems to address the issue of wars, possibly in Iraq and Afghanistan.
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Cultural Ecology► Relationship between people & environment
► Importance of adaptive strategies
► Different schools of thought: a) environmental determinism (humans as clay to be molded by a dominant
nature) b) environmental possibilism (local cultures develop within the possibilities
offered by the environment) c) environmental perception (choices people make depend on their perception of
the environment rather than the actual character) Organic vs. mechanistic view of nature
d) humans as modifiers of the earth (humans mold nature)
Ecofeminism? Are women better ecologists and environmentalists?
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Environmental determinism, possibilism, & the role of culture
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Environmental determinism, possibilism, & the role of culture
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Post-Katrina New Orleans
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Soil erosion and deforestation in the Amazon Basin, Brazil
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Landslide in El Salvador, Central America, killed more than 1,200 people in 2001.
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Cultural Interaction
►Intertwined facets of global cultures
►Interdependencies and uneven development throughout the world
►The Human Development Index Life expectancy, adult literacy, gross
domestic product (see images below)
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Global culture on the street of Moscow
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Cultural Geography: Science or Art? Both?
-social scientists develop models to better understand, say, Latin American cities-humanistic geographers try to understand “place” (topophilia) not seeking “laws”
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Cultural Landscapes
► visible expressions of culture humanized landscapes bear cultural meaning the art of reading cultural landscapes landscapes of folk vs. popular culture
► settlement landforms, land division patterns, architectural styles, grave yards, symbolic landscapes, and the power of globalization
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Terraced cultural landscapes in China
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Yokohama, Japan, at dusk
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American ranch house
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Market Square in Warsaw
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- Westmoreland, Imperial Valley, CA
- Land Ordinance of 1785
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Loghouse, Ottawa, Canada
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Toronto landscape, Canada
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Aboriginal painting / map of Arnhem Land in Australia