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®®
The Importance of Open Geospatial Standards
(and benefits of participation in the process)
Mark ReichardtPresident & [email protected]+1 301 840-1361
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium
www.opengeospatial.org
OGC®
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium
Challenge: Information Sharing Across Organizations and Jurisdictional Boundaries
Source: David Rydevik, Thailand Tsunami, 2004
Ability to access, fuse and apply diverse content when and where needed is critical to situational awareness and disaster planning/ response
Source: www.fao.org/docrep/008/ae929e/ae929e03.htm
http://bushfireaid.wikispaces.com/
OGC®
Geospatial Interoperability: Essential to AddressSocial, Environmental & Economic Issues
Health
Education & Research Sustainable Development
EnergyConsumer Services Geosciences
Emergency and DisasterMgt / Response
E -Government
Utilities
Logistics &Transport
OGC®
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium
OGC/ISO Standards: Standards Baseline for Spatial Data Infrastructure
© 2012, Open Geospatial Consortium
ISO 19115: MetadataWeb Map Service (WMS) Web Feature Service (WFS)Web Coverage Service (WCS)Web Map ContextStyle Layer Descriptor (SLD)Catalogue (CSW)Geography Markup Language (GML)KMLWeb Processing Service (WPS)
The GeoWeb is enabled by standards:
The Geospatial Web is about the complete integration and use of location at all levels of the internet and the web.
Dr. Carl ReedCTO OGC
OGC®© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium
OGC Sensor Web Enablement Standards
Enable discovery and tasking of sensor assets, and the access and application of sensor observations for enhanced situational awareness
Sensor Model Language (SensorML)Sensor Planning Service (SPS)Sensor Observation Service (SOS)PUCK
--Complementary Standards--OASIS (alert) standardsIEEE 1451 smart sensor standard
OGC®
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium
Source: Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart
Interoperable, Standards-based Community Implementations Worldwide
NSDI - India GeoPortal Map ViewerGeoportal of the Catalonia SDI
Source: onegeology.org
Hundreds of thousands of maps and datasets accessible through thousands of servers running OGC Web Services
Web Map Service (WMS)Web Map Tile Service (WMTS)
Web Feature Service (WFS)Web Coverage Service (WCS)
OGC®
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium
Geospatial information via Spatial Data Infrastructures is widely utilized throughout government…
…to support broad national objectives such as economic growth, social cohesion and well-being, and environmental management
4Source: GeoConnections Canada
OGC®
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium
New Zealand SDI Cookbook
• Essential standards• Organizational participation in SDI• Accessing and Use of NZ SDI• Licensing
© 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium 8
http://www.linz.govt.nz/sites/default/files/geospatial-office/SDI_Cookbook%20V1-1%20171111_0.pdf
OGC®
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium
Open Standards Underpin Spatial Data Infrastructures Worldwide
• Open Standards– Geospatial
• ISO• OGC• Data Content
– Foundational• W3C• OASIS…
• Supported by:– Best Practices– Use Cases
http://www.gsdi.org/gsdicookbookindex
OGC®
Governance Strengthened by Standards Policy
© 2012, Open Geospatial Consortium
OGC®
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium
Some of the OGC/ISO Standards Implementers(and OGC members)
OGC®
Commercial / Value-Added GeoInformation
Worldwide monitoring and coverage Historical context exploiting pre-event imageryOn-line accessDelivery through SDI common standards
Leveraging OGCFor Crisis Response
Slide Source: DigitalGlobe
OGC®
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium
Commercial / Value Added GeoInformationMaritime Awareness Example
Source: ExactEarth,
Piracy prevention and tracking: Mother Ship and Pirated Vessel Tracking
http://www.exactearth.com/products/exactais-geospatial-web-services/
OGC®
The OGC At A Glance
Not-for-profit, international voluntary consensus standards organization; leading development of geospatial standards
• Founded in 1994.
• 470+ members and growing
• 40 standards
• Hundreds of product implementations
• Broad user community implementation worldwide
• Alliances and collaborative activities with SDO’s and professional associations
Commercial41%
Government18%
NGO10%
Research7%
University24%
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium 14
OGC®
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium
Example User Community Members
Example Government Members:– DSTL (UK) - DLR (Germany) - DIGO (Australia) - NGA (USA)
– NOAA (USA) - NASA (USA) - USGS (USA) - USACE / AGC
– DISA (US) - DGIWG (NATO) - EUSC (Europe) - USAF Weather Agency
– NR Canada - MET Offices - DHS (US) - PM-ISE DNI (US)
– European Satellite Centre - Naval MET and Oceanography Command
– Abu Dhabi Police (UAE) - BRGM (France) - Ordnance Survey (UK)
– Norwegian Building Authority - Norkart - Dubai Municipality (UAE)
– Dept Science & Tech. (India) - European Space Agency
– Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (Korea)
– UNGIWG
• And over 100 Universities and Research instituteshttp://www.opengeospatial.org/ogc/members
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The Value / Significance of Standards
Making Location Count.
OGC®
© 2014, Open Geospatial Consortium
Interoperability
• Defined as the ability of diverse data sources, systems and organizations to work together (inter-operate).
• Saves time, reduces cost, increases market choice, protects assets and lives
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• Ease information sharing • Promote information reuse• Reduce duplication of effort• Flexibility to add new capabilities
• Vendor neutral
OGC® 18
OGC®
Active Domain Working Groups in the OGC Technical Committee
• Earth Systems Science• Hydrology• Meteorology• Oceanography• Aviation• Energy and Utilities• Emergency & Disaster
Management• Defense & Intelligence• Health• Land & Infrastructure
• 3D Information Mgt• Mass Market• Law Enforcement & Public
Safety • Earth Systems Science• University/Research
© 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium
Bonn, Germany, March 2011
Mountain View CA, USA December 2009
http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/groups/wg
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Uniting Communities of Interest
Example: Water Resources
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OGC®
Water Observation – In Situ
Water Quantity Rainfall Soil Water
Water Quality Meteorology Groundwater
Time series data at point locations
Slide source, D. Maidment, University of Texas at Austin
OGC®
Every Country Collects These Data
UnitedStates
Australia
Mexico
We needGlobal Water
Data Integration
Slide source, D. Maidment, University of Texas at Austin
OGC®
OGC/WMO Hydrology Domain Working Group
2008
4-Year International Effort – WaterML2
2009 2010 2011 2012
November 2009
Hydrology Domain Working Group formedOGC at WMO Commission on Hydrology
Technical Meetings Each 3 MonthsFour Interoperability Experiments
(Surface water, groundwater, forecasting)Annual week-long workshops
Involvement by many countries
Acknowledgements: OGC, WMO, GRDC, CUAHSI, BoM, CSIRO, USGS, GSC, Kisters, …….
A time series for one variable at one location
Slide source, D. Maidment, University of Texas at Austin
OGC®
OGC WaterML
• OGC WaterML 2.0 Standard for data exchange of time series and sample observations– Community wide international
encoding standard – Based on OGC Geography
Markup Language, OGC Observations & Measurements
– Adoption by OGC in 2012– Recommended for WMO
adoption as joint OGC/ISO standard
© 2013, Open Geospatial Consortium,
OGC® WaterML 2.0: Part 1- Time Series
Editor: Peter Taylor, CSIRO
Submitting Organizations:
Australian BOM NR CanadaCSIRO Kisters AGCUAHSI DeltaresUSGS disyUS NOAA San Diego Super Computer Center
German Federal Institute of HydrologyFederal Waterways Engineering and Research InstituteInternational Office for Water - Sandre
OGC®
Goal – Enhanced Local to Global Water Resource Monitoring and Decision Making
Describe a water property over a domain of space and time
• History• Current conditions• Forecasts
SensorWeb
ModelWeb
PrecipitationEvaporation
Soil MoistureStreamflow
GroundwaterReservoirs
OGC®
Why Engage with OGC?
• "The OGC process is really working: since OGC engaged with WMO and jointly created the Hydrology Domain Working Group, there has been active and effective work on migrating the CUAHSI WaterML specification and WaterOneFlow services now in use by numerous national and state agencies, to OGC-compliant status (OGC O&M-based WaterML 2.0 and OGC web services). This is happening through two projects facilitated within OGC’s Interoperability Program: the Hydro DWG Groundwater Interoperability Experiment, and the Hydro DWG Surface Water Interoperability Experiment. The global engagement in these developments is impressive. And one of the best parts of it is that CUAHSI no longer has to host the development meetings – OGC is handling that very nicely! The OGC Interoperability Experiment structure and policies provide an open, productive environment for all interested experts, and this has made more progress in the last two years than similar government initiatives have made in 20 years."
• David Maidment,Director, Center for Research in Water Resources, University of Texas at Austin
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium
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Driving Interoperability Solutions
Bringing Together Users and Technology Providers
(to get it right through testing, piloting, experimentation and demonstration)
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium
OGC®
Interoperability ProgramEmphasis On Testing and Validation
• Testbeds, Pilots, Experiments & Plugfests– Join technology providers and users in rapid,
hands-on collaborative engineering efforts
– Produce:
Tested and validated draft standards
Industry technology implementations
Architectural recommendations
Live demonstrations to validate utility of standards in user context
– Advance
Research on the use of IT to help solve geospatial interoperability problems
Maturity of interoperable implementations sufficient for organizations to base procurement decisions
© 2013, Open Geospatial Consortium
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What’s Next?
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium
OGC®
Market Reality - Mobile First
• Africa is not just a mobile-first continent -- it’s mobile only
– October 2012, http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/04/tech/mobile/africa-mobile-opinion/index.html
• Geospatial services need to consider: “the other end of the spectrum has customers who do not use laptops and computers. They use cell phones and tablets.”
– Ola Rollen, President and CEO, Hexagon ABhttp://issuu.com/geospatialworld/docs/geospatial-world-annual-edition-january-2013
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium 30
http://www.slideshare.net/kleinerperkins/2012-kpcb-internet-trends-yearend-update
OGC®
OGC Standards for Mobile
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium
• Points of Interest• Open GeoSMS• OWS Context• 3D Visualization
• GeoPackage• SensorThings• ARML 2 • IndoorGML
Graphic Source:
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OGC®
GeoPackagethe new universal geodata file format
• GeoPackage is a universal file format for geodata. – open, standards-based, application and platform independent, and
self-describing. – Built on SQLite, so works on any desktop or mobile OS – Connected / disconnected environment use
• GeoPackage - the modern alternative to formats like GeoTIFF, SDTS and vendor specific
• Experience it here: http://www.ogcnetwork.net/geopackage
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium 32
OGC®
Location Data Quality
• Committee of Experts UN GGIM, Report of the Secretariat: Establishment and implementation of standards for the global geospatial information community– …”quality is a key element towards the goal of producing
authoritative/official/credible information as an institutional asset; (ii) in a world of abundant information the communication of quality (metadata) becomes increasingly important; and (iii) an international framework is needed to establish a 'language' of quality”
• OGC Challenge: Develop Location Data Quality standard– Data Quality DWG: surveyed ~1000 Geospatial professionals,
researched ISO specs, reviewed data quality use cases– Need more focus on quality and uncertainty
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium 33
OGC®
An Integrating Force: Smart Cities
• Urban Maps – 3D City Models – Indoor Venue Maps – Interoperability with BIM
• Energy and Utilities management – Smart Energy– Smart Water Management
• Citizen Services – Location-aware municipal services
using open data and standards • Sensor Webs
– Situational awareness from fusion of sensor observations
• Disaster and Emergency Response– Common Operational Picture Source; Thomas Kolbe, Berlin TU
OGC®
More OGC Areas of Focus
© 2012, Open Geospatial Consortium
OGC®
United Nations Global Geographic Information ManagementFuture Trends: 5 – 10 Year Vision
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium
• Key trends– Cloud computing– Linked data– Internet of Things– New data creation– Volunteered Geographic Information– Open Standards– Open Source– Legal and Policy – Data standards and policy– Coordination and collaboration– Skills and Training
http://ggim.un.org/docs/meetings/3rd%20UNCE/UN-GGIM-Future-trends.pdf
OGC®
OGC’s response to the Innovator’s Dilemma
• Must maintain current OGC standards while simultaneously addressing evolution of technology and markets– Ensure harmonization in OGC standards
• OGC response to the Innovators Dilemma– Extend or adapt the present baseline of standards– New standards that overlap with or diverge from existing standards,
along with guidance to evaluate among options– Harmonization techniques (brokers, facades) for interoperability
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium 37
Paraphrasing a motion adopted by the OGC Planning Committee, March 2014
OGC®
Summary
• Open geospatial standards from OGC and ISO enable interoperability, which in turn improves geospatial information sharing and application
• Good standards & reinforcing policy are promoting benefits in time, cost (and lives) saved, and are helping to future proof IT solutions
• Continued success is dependent on: – Embracing technology change with all its unpredictability
– Advancing standards and best practices to keep pace with change and sustain benefits of interoperability
– Engagement in SDO processes by organizations and individuals across the public and private sectors
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium
OGC®
Recommendations
• Influence the requirements and direction of OGC standards and best practices through direct participation with OGC’s membership
• Promote UN scenarios / use cases for consideration in future OGC interoperability testbeds, pilots and experiments
• Use the OGC process, membership and staff resources to keep abreast of emerging trends and requirements
• Leverage the fact that all UN Employees are eligible to participate in OGC based on a unique arrangement with OGC
• Influence OGC policies to support UN system and Member nation interoperability needs
© 2014 Open Geospatial Consortium
OGC®
“Interoperability seems to be about the integration of information. What it’s really about is the coordination of organizational behavior.”
David Schell, OGC Founder and Chairman Emeritus
www.opengeospatial.org
Thank You
United Nations, New York USA,January 2005
United Nations, Bonn GermanyMarch 2011 (Carnival)
Contact:
Mark E. ReichardtPresident & [email protected]+1 301 840-1361