the independence of the spanish colonies in america excelente1!
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The Independence of the Spanish colonies in America
Index • Introduction • Causes • Independence phases -First phase (1808-1818) -Second phase (1818-1824) • Consequences • Questions
Made by:
-Nuria Berdugo Gómez -Livia Fernández Pérez -Alba Jáimez Moreno -Zenaida Muñoz Muñoz
Introduction We are going to talk about
the Independence of American Colonies linking them with the situations in Great Britain and Spain, the Independence periods, their consequences and the relation with Great Britain.
Causes
Influence of the independence of the 13 colonies
Creoles The Creoles were the descendants of the old Spanish immigrant, but they born in America. They represented 10-15% of the population.
Influence of the Ilustration
• Ideas of Locke (theory of the English Revolution of the seventeenth century)
• Texts of the French Enlightenment: Voltaire, Montesquieu and Rousseau.
• The theory pactista of Francisco Suárez
Creoles
Support of Great Britain and USA
Great Britain wanted to break the Spanish monopoly of trade with the colonies. Great Britain and the USA sold guns and warships to the American insurgents.
The British invasions of the Río de la Plata
Influence of the independence of the 13 colonies
The thirteen colonies in North America joined together to emancipate from the British Empire, with the Spanish support. In 1776 each colony established a government institution to govern themselves.
Declaration of independence
Creation of the Courts and the Constitution
There were some setbacks with the deputies, both peninsular and American. The constitution benefited in some aspects to the Americans, but also there were many disagreements.
There was no power after the abdications of Bayonne Provintial Board
Central Board
Regency
They didn't recognize the authority of the Regency, so they replaced the colonial authorities and establish their own government bodies.
Government Boards
The promulgation of the Constitution of 1812
Independence Phases
First Phase (1808-1818)
Venezuela Miranda returned from Haiti where he got his independence . The army of Venezuela was supported by Britain. He couldn't get the independence of 19th July of 1810.
Francisco de Miranda
The Act of the Declaration of Independence of Venezuela
Nueva España
Two important events: the Conspiracy of Querétaro and Dolores’ Shouting Miguel Hidalgo Allende However ,in 1811 their heads were exposed in Granaditas. Aldama
Morelos
He took the Miguel Hidalgo’s role and he proclaimed the independence of Nueva España
Josefa Ortiz
Paraguay
He was supported by peasants, labourers, military officers and farmers
Dr. Francia Fernando VII
He was supported by landowners and traders
Caballero
Iturbe Yegros
They defeated Governor Velazco in 14th and 15th 1811. Independence was declared on May 17th 1811
He wanted to conquer Paraguay but he was defeated in Paraguarí and Tacuarí
Belgrano
Argentines began their struggle to conquer Paraguay in 1810
Chile Chile had to confront with the
troops of viceroy ship of Peru. .
José Miguel Carrera Bernardo O’Higgins
The most important event in Chile was: the phase of ‘Patria Vieja’
Juan Martínez de Rozas
This produced :
- Military disaster
- Carrera’s political ambition
- Disagreement between the colonies and the Spanish monarchy
Second Phase (1818-1824) The collapse of the Spanish sovereignty.
Pampa de La Quinua, Peru. The most important battle was the Battle of Ayacucho. It is secured the independence of Peru and ensured independence for the rest of South America.
The Battle of Ayacucho.
The most important people in the independece of South America He was a Argentine general and the
prime leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire. Their campaigns were decisive for independence's Argentina, Peru and Chile. Joining forces, the Chileans and Argentines soundly defeated the Spanish at the Battle of Maipú.
He was a military and political leader. He carried out the Independence of Colombia (Nueva Granada in 1819). Also Bolivar freed Venezuela with victory of Carabobo
He was born in 1795, in New Granada. He entered the struggles for independence in Venezuela and Colombia Liberator of Ecuador and Peru.
Francisco de Miranda
Venezuelan revolutionary. Francisco de Miranda attempted to liberate his homeland with British help. Miranda returned in 1810 to head up the First Venezuelan Republic. He is regarded as a forerunner of Simón Bolívar
Consequences Effects of independence of the Spanish
colonies in America were economics, society, government and politics.
Congress of Panama (1826). The colonies depended economically of
France and England. There were many characteristics that can
be synthesized in three points: Federation Gran Colombiana Disaster in the social stability The political independence didn't
determined the economic independence
Questions • Who were the Creoles? The Creoles were the descendants of the old Spanish immigrant, but they born in America. • What countries supported the
American Independence? - France and USA - Great Britain and USA - Morocco and India
• Which countries couldn’t get
the independence in this period?
Puerto Rico, Cuba and Philippines
• What ideology did Morelos follow?
- Miguel Hidalgo’s ideology - Aldama’s ideology - Allende’s ideology • Which were some of the
consequences? - The political independence didn't
determined the economic independence
- Criollos monopolised the power and the wealth, and they didn't pay taxes.
- Trade monopoly disappeared
• Link these men with their countries
1. Venezuela
2. Provincias del Rio de la Plata
3. Chile
4. Paraguay
5. Nueva España
6. Colombia
7. Peru
O’Higgins Miranda
Sucre Simon Bolivar
San Martín Dr. Francia
Belgrano Miguel Hidalgo
Morelos
The end