Outline:

• The Information Services Organizational Structure

• The trend from centralization to decentralization

• Innovative Organizational Structure

• End User Computing

The Information Services Organization

Structure

• Information Services

Agency or Department

responsible for providing processed information to an organization internal users, its customers or the general public.

The Trend from centralized to Decentralized Structure

•Centralization: The Concentration of management and decision making power at the top of an organization hierarchy.

•Decentralization : It is the delegation of powers .It is simply a matter of dividing up the managerial work and assigning specific duties according to their skills.

Chief Information Officer(CIO)

Managers of systems

development

Managers of systems

maintenance

Managers of computer operations

Managers of database

administration

Network manager

Network Specialists

Database administrators

Operations

Personnel

Systems Analysts

Systems analysts

Programmers

Programmers

InnovativeOrganizational Structure

Innovative Organizational Structure:In 1990’s both centralization and decentralization were recognized necessary,Large organizations sought to achieve “centrally decentralized” organizational structure.

Achievement of Innovative Structure:

• In 1990’s the centrally decentralized structure was accomplish:

• IS used to accomplish tasks related to IT resources and business areasauthority for strategic use.

Problems:

• Problems were faced in this structure, which were:

• More prominent role of IT than past,

• And the rapid rate of advancement in technology demands knowledge and competency.

Three Innovative Structure Models:

• Partner Model:

• Information services work with business areas in using IT to achieve business innovation.

• Platform Model:

• Information services will provide IT resources so that innovations can be achieved.

• Scalable Model:

• Resources must be obtained when market opportunities arise, and then quickly be shed when these opportunities no longer exist.

Network Model of Information System Organizations

This model incorporates features of all three Models.

Visioning network enables CIO to work with top management in

strategic planning.

Innovation network is used by CIO in business areas so innovation can be

developed.

Sourcing network that is utilized in to interface with vendors for the

purpose of acquiring information resources.

Top managemen

t

Visioning network

CIOSourcing network

Innovation network

Business Areas

Value innovatio

n

Financial managemen

t

Service Positioning

Infrastructure

management

Solution delivery

VendorsStrategic planning

End User Computing

•What is End User Computing? End User Computing refers to system in

which non programmers can create working applications. All uses of computer by business people

who are not information specialist.

Who are End Users?

Non Programming

End User Programmers (including senior management professionals)

DP Programmers

Influences Of End User Computing

• Impact Of Computer Education: During the early 1980s,the impact of good computer education program in public and private schools,colleges,and industrial firms bacame apprent.Management ranks in lower level began to fill people with good computer skills, as year passed manager progressed to higher level through information system and technology.

• Information Services Backlog:Information specialists have always had

more work to handle.This become critical during 1980s,when users began demand on information services for additional systems support.It was not

possible to respond so quickly that’s why some users had to wait 2 or 3 years.

• Low Cost Hardware: During this period,the

market bacame flooded with low cost microcomputer. Users can place their order at local computer store of

hardware by simple telephone calls.

• Prewritten Software: Both hardware and

software firms produced software that would perform basic accounting tasks as well as provide information for decision making. This software is very easy to use

and less expensive,it enables firms and individuals with little computer expertise to implement computer

based systems.

Thank you