The integrated approach to urban development in EU regional policy

Corinne Hermant-de CallataÿCompetence centre for urban and territorial development, Directorate-General "Regional and urban policy"European Commission

URBACT Pilot training scheme - Brussels 9/4/2013

1.

Initial milestones and next steps

ERDF support to urban development

• Urban Pilot Projects (1989-99) • The URBAN I Community initiative (1994-1999)• The URBAN II Community Initiative (2000-2006)• The mainstreaming of URBAN in Operational

Programmes

The URBAN experience

Following principles: The integrated approach Time focus “Spatial” focus: specific areas

Initial focus on urban regeneration and on addressing socially-deprived areas

Programme (Management)

The integratedapproach

Average 40%on “hard”investments

Urban Regeneration

Skills devtEducationTraining

Sustainableenvironment

MobilityTransport

FinancialEngineering

Socialinclusion

Safety

Socio-Economic

Development

Culture

Urban dimensions

Good governance – Social participation

Collaborative networks

The urban dimensionof next cohesion policy (2014-2020)

(1)

• 5% minimum to be earmarked for sustainableurban development

• Urban innovative actions (330 million euros)

• An Urban Development Platform/Network, which would complement URBACT activities.

• The urban dimension of sectoral investments(clean urban transport, urban environment, etc.)

The urban dimensionof next cohesion policy (2014-2020)

(2)New instruments

• Integrated Territorial Investment

• Community-Led Local Development

Other instruments

• Reference Framework for Sustainable Citieswww.rfsc.eu

• Urban Atlas / urban audit

2.

The various dimensionsof integration

Working Working with …

La coopération horizontale conflictuelle (depuis la fin du 19ème siècle)

FragmentedTerritories

Horizontal cooperation Cooperation between local authorities and territorialactorsMétropole intégrée, pôle métropolitain, région rurbaine, Groupement européen de coopération territoriale GECT

Pôle métropolitain

Source: Claude JACQUIER

La coopération conflictuelle verticale (depuis la fin des années 60)

Hierarchic approachSpecialised approach«Feuilleté»

Cooperation between levels

SubsidiarityMulti-levels contracts

Working Working with

Source: Claude JACQUIER

La coopération conflictuelle transversale (depuis les années 90)

Sectorial approachSilo approach

intersectorial Cooperation

Transversal approachPartnership

Des trois coopérations, la plus difficile à mettre en œuvre : confrontation de diverses identités professionnelles et culturelles,mais aussi de routines, de corporatismes et de bureaucraties.

Working Working with …

Source: Claude JACQUIER

… entre gouvernement et gouvernance

Villes

Etat

Régions

Européen

Quartier

Métropolitain

Macro-régionalTransfrontalier

Nouveaux niveauxNiveaux traditionnels

Adapté de Claude Jacquier, 2010

Organisations fonctionnellesContourner les rigidités et construire des réformesHier

Territoires polarisésOrganisation fonctionnelle

Politiques "Hardware"

Etat central

Province

Commune

Maintenantet peut-être dans le futur

Transition

VecteursDéveloppement intégré

soutenable

Opérateurs de transitionPolitiques Integrées

Politiques cohésion sociale

SDEC, Agenda 21PIC URBAN, INTERREG

Politiques régionalesDOCUP, POInterreg

Politiques nationales

(Programmes Grandes villes

Politique de la ville,

Soziale Stadt, ...)PIC Urban, Agenda 21

Programmes locaux

de développement

DemainTerritoires homogènes

Organisationstratégique

Politiques "Software"

Union européenne

Régionstransfrontalières

Régions nationales

Régions rurbainesAires

métropolitaines

Communautésde base

Source: Claude JACQUIER

WORKING WITH on the basis of:Shared diagnosisA long-term vision

(ref: ‘Cities of tomorrow’ report)http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/conferences/citiesoftomorrow/index_en.cfm

In addition

Transform risks in opportunities

Source: Tova Svanfeldt

An example of shared diagnosis

Awhile addressing interrelations between challenges recognising and overcoming contradictions

Photos: Ivan Tosics

A long-term vision

3.

Examples of 50 ERDF-fundedurban development

in 2007-2013

Results and recommendations

The Commission has published a study on European Regional Development Fund projects.

'Urban development in the EU' presents 50 projects which received ERDF investment.

It offers an information package for selected cities, with detailed information on projects and results there.http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/activity/urban/goodpracticemap_en.cfm

Article 8 of the ERDF regulation (2007-2013)

Sustainable urban development

[…] the ERDF may, where appropriate, support thedevelopment of participative, integrated and sustainable strategiesto tackle the high concentration of economic, environmentaland social problems affecting urban areas.

These strategies shall promote sustainable urban developmentthrough activities such as:

• strengthening economic growth, • the rehabilitation of the physical environment, • brownfield redevelopment,• the preservation and development of natural

and cultural heritage,• the promotion of entrepreneurship, • local employment and community development, • and the provision of services to the population

taking account of changing demographic structures.

[…]

Results of projects under the "integrated approach"

• Under Article 8, up to 15% of project can be used for ESF-type actions. However, cross-financing opportunity has been adopted only occasionally.

• Integration takes mainly two forms:

• horizontal, which brings together policies in an area,

• vertical, which brings together different levels of government

• Importance of national policies and programmes: integrated approaches can impact more efficiently on cities where issues of local deprivation are related to political, economic, social and environmental dynamics at higher governance levels.

Recommendations 1

• Build national integrated urban policies to serve as a framework for supporting cities to implement integrated urban development strategies

• Managing authorities can make a major contribution by setting requirements for enhancing integration of policies at all levels

• Facilitate cross-sectoral planning for the use of resources from different funds and programmes on local level

Recommendations 2

• Deeper evaluation of short and long-term impacts of integrated approaches are needed.

• How much were the life chances of residents improved?

• Did the project succeeded in reducing inequalities?

• Were these problems displaced elsewhere in the city?

Thank you for your attention!

• corinne.hermant@ec.europa.eu