Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005

The Johns Hopkins University

Chemical Propulsion Information Agency

BulletinA DTIC-Sponsored DoD Information Analysis Center

Continued on page 4

Serving the Propulsion Community for Over Fifty Years

Contents:

Meeting Reminders...................................3

UAH Propulsion Research Center...........6

JANNAF Meeting in June.........................8

In Memoriam, Edward E. Baroody.........9

CPIA Crossword.........................................11

Gap Tests at AMRDEC.............................12

NIMIC Becomes MSIAC............................13

CPIA Bulletin Survey.................................13

SBIR News: Accurate Automation Corp.Specializes in Hypersonic Flight ..........14

People in Propulsion.................................15

CPIA Publications List.......................2CPIA Ti/Bi List.....................................2Bulletin Board (Mtgs).......................3JANNAF Meeting Calendar..........back

NRPTA Manages Rocket Propulsion TestNeeds for NASA and the DoD

Solid Propellant Database SoonAvailable Online!

Continued on page 10

by Mark Moody, Lead, Rocket Test Propulsion ProgramLiaison Office, NASA Stennis Space Center, and

Peter Zeender, Sr. Research Engineer, CPIA

The National Rocket Propulsion Test Alliance (NRPTA) was formed onJanuary 9, 1998, when senior officials from the National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration and the Department of Defense signed a Memorandum ofAgreement (MOA) to establish a cooperative alliance to shape the U.S.government’s rocket propulsion test capability; to efficiently meet national testneeds through intra- and inter-agency cooperation; and to recommend propulsiontesting solutions that provide the best overall value to the taxpayer. Its mission:“To fortify the relationship between the National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration (NASA) and the Department of Defense (DoD), to shapethe government’s rocket propulsion test capability in order to efficientlymeet national test needs through intra- and inter- agency cooperation.To pursue initiatives and collaboration to further define needs and developadvanced propulsion test capabilities.”

NASA’s Plum Brook Station, Spacecraft PropulsionFacility (B-2), testing the Delta III upper stageengine under simulated altitude flight hot-fireconditions.

Johns Hopkins APL ScientistMichael Griffin becomes

new NASA Administrator....article on page 15

CPIA is pleased to announce that the Solid Propellant Database (SPD) willsoon be added to the suite of databases in the secure Chemical PropulsionInformation Network (Secure CPIN). SPD was developed as a highly functionalInternet-based relational database to replace the hardbound CPIA/M2 SolidPropellant Manual that has been maintained by CPIA since the 1950s. By theend of May, JANNAF block funding organizations and existing corporate andinstitutional subscribers to CPIA/M2 will receive notification concerning theautomatic conversion of their subscription to SPD and instructions to establishSecure CPIN access.

SPD will initially contain unclassified data for over 200 solid rocket propellantsthat have been qualified and fielded in U.S. systems. A convenient and user-friendly interface permits a search of propellants by designation or by any ofseveral characteristic fields, including application, type, manufacturer, oxidizer/

binder/fuel family, and burningrate, pressure exponent andspecific impulse at standardconditions. In addition, a reverse

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005Page 2

CPIA offers a variety of services to its subscribers, including responses to technical/bibliographic inquiries. Answers areusually provided within three working days and take the form of telephoned, telefaxed, electronic or written technical summaries.Customers are provided with copies of JANNAF papers, excerpts from technical reports, bibliographies of pertinent literature,names of recognized experts, propellant/ingredient data sheets, computer program tapes and instructions, and/or theoreticalperformance calculations. The CPIA staff responds to nearly 800 inquiries per year from over 180 customer organizations.CPIA invites inquiries via telephone, fax, e-mail, or letter. For further information, please contact Tom Moore at 410-992-7306, or e-mail: tmoore@jhu.edu. Representative recent inquiries include:

The Chemical Propulsion Information Agency(CPIA), a DoD Information Analysis Center, issponsored and administratively managed by theDefense Technical Information Center (DTIC). CPIAis responsible for the acquisition, compilation,analysis, and dissemination of information and datarelevant to chemical, electric, and nuclear propulsiontechnology. In addition, CPIA provides technicaland administrative support to the Joint Army-Navy-NASA-Air Force (JANNAF) Interagency PropulsionCommittee. The purpose of JANNAF is to solvepropulsion problems, affect coordination of technicalprograms, and promote an exchange of technicalinformation in the areas of missile, space, and gunpropulsion technology. A fee commensurate withCPIA products and services is charged to subscribers,who must meet security and need-to-knowrequirements.

The Bulletin is published bimonthly and is availablefree of charge to the propulsion community.Reproduction of Bulletin articles is permissible,with attribution. Neither the U.S. Government, CPIA,nor any person acting on their behalf, assumes anyliability resulting from the use or publication of theinformation contained in this document, or warrantsthat such use or publication of the informationcontained in this document will be free from privatelyowned rights. The content of the Bulletin is approvedfor public release, and distribution is unlimited.

Paid commercial advertisements published in theBulletin do not represent any endorsement by CPIA.

Rosemary Dodds Editor410-992-1905, ext. 219 Fax 410-730-4969E-mail: rdodds@jhu.eduWorld Wide Web: www.cpia.jhu.eduTechnical Advisor Michael J. FisherTechnical Advisor Peter ZeenderThe Johns Hopkins University/CPIA10630 Little Patuxent Parkway, Suite 202Columbia, Maryland 21044-3204

Operating under Contract: SPO700-97-D-4004

Recent CPIA Publications

CPIA’s Technical/Bibliographic Inquiry Service

Technical Inquiries

Bibliographic Inquiries

JSC CD-38, JANNAF Rocket Nozzle Technology Subcommittee, “RayonReplacement Workshop,” Apr. 2004.

Propulsion Information Retrieval System (PIRS), Apr. 2005.

• Solid propellant smoke classification guidelines and definitions, e.g. minimum smoke, reduced smoke, and smokypropellants (TI2005022201)

• Specific heat of aluminized carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene (CTPB) at extremely low (-40 degrees F and below)temperatures (TI2005022801)

• Reaction onset temperature range for AP/HTPB/Al composite propellants (TI2005030801)• Ramjet data for CFD validation (TI2005031401)• Composition and properties of EX-99 gun propellant (TI2005040701)

• Solid propellants and divert/attitude control systems (BI2005030701)• Dynamic vs. static stress relaxation modulus determination

(BI2005031801)• Use of differential interferometry for the measurement of solid propellant

linear coefficient of thermal expansion (BI2005031801).• Moisture effects on mechanical properties and aging of composite

propellants (BI2005040401)

For information on JANNAF manuscript preparation, goto http://www.jannaf.org/ .

Click on the following links:• Revised Preparation & Submission Instructions for

JANNAF Manuscripts & Presentations • Download a Microsoft Word template for creating a

JANNAF Manuscript

JANNAF AUTHORS

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005 Page 3

Various meetings and events of interest are listed below. We welcome all suchannouncements, so that the propulsion community can be better served with timelyinformation. The JANNAF Calendar appears on the back page. For additional industrymeetings, see our Calendar of Events webpage at http://www.cpia.jhu.edu/meetings/.

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AIAA=American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 703-264-7500; 800-639-2422, or www.aiaa.orgAFRL=Air Force Research Laboratory; For conference information, visit: http://www.usasymposium.com/nsmms or contact MichelleKubal at 937-254-7950, ext. 1168 or by email to mkubal@anteon.comASNT=American Society for Nondestructive Testing; http://www.asnt.org/events/events.htm; or call 614-274-6899ICT/IPS=Fraunhofer-Institut Chemische Technologie; http://www.ict.fhg.de, or email to Manuela Wolff: mw@ict.fhg.deJapan Explosives Society= For conference information, visit http://www.eblo-ti.com/isem2005/ISABE=International Symposium on Air Breathing Engines; www.isabe2005.com/MSIAC=Munitions Safety Information Analysis Center; point of contact: d.watt@hq.nato.intNATO/RTO=North Atlantic Treaty Org./Research and Technology Org. Enroll online at http://www.rta.nato.intNDIA=National Defense Industrial Association; For conference information, visit www.ndia.org/ Purdue Univ./School of Aeronautics & Astronautics=For conference information e-mail mary.rusek@swiftenterprises.netRMCS=Royal Military College of Science; for conference information, visit http://www.rmcs.cranfield.ac.uk/symposia/ome05

MeetingReminders

AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEEJoint Propulsion

Conference & Exhibit10-13 July 2005

Stop by CPIA’s Booth #507;test your knowledge and

have some fun.Winners will receive a

“Rocket Scientist” T-shirt!

Join us in San Diego!15th NDES/24th RNTS and

37th SMBS Joint Meeting

October 31-November 42005

Planning Ahead:33rd PEDCS/22nd SEPS

6-10 March 2006Call for Papers

has been released!

The The The The The BulletinBulletinBulletinBulletinBulletin Board Board Board Board Board

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005Page 4

NRPTA....continued from page 1

In support of this mission, the MOA tasks NRPTA with thefollowing collection of critical requirements:

• Develop/Maintain Rocket Test Facilities Capabilities• Collect, Analyze and Distribute Test Needs and

Technology Trend Data• Share Best Practices• Share Resources (e.g., Equipment Trades and Personnel

Exchange)• Develop Guidelines for Facility Utilization• Develop Test Capability Roadmaps, Master Plans,

Investment Strategies and Review Modifications andUpgrades

• Identify Common Propulsion Cost ElementsThe NASA and DoD rocket propulsion test facilities, of

which NRPTA is comprised, have unique test capabilities withstrategically minimal duplicative infrastructure. The NASAfacilities operate within the auspices of NASA’s RocketPropulsion Test (RPT) Program Office. The RPT ProgramOffice, which resides at Stennis Space Center, is NASA’sauthority for rocket propulsion test assignments and providesthe program management structure necessary for ensuringthat a core capability for rocket propulsion testing exists withinNASA. Members from each of the NASA rocket propulsiontest centers serve as representatives on the NASA RocketPropulsion Test Management Board (RPTMB), which is theprincipal implementing activity for managing the Program’stest assets, activities and resources. The RPTMB membersare:

• John C. Stennis Space Center• George C. Marshall Space Flight Center• John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field, Plum

Brook Station

• Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, White Sands TestFacility

• Glenn Research Center (Associate Member)• Kennedy Space Center (Associate Member)The DoD rocket propulsion test facilities within the NRPTA

represent the Departments of the Air Force, Army and Navy,and include:

• Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) Weapons Division(China Lake)

• Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC)• Redstone Technical Test Center (RTTC)• Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL)The NRPTA is Co-Chaired by the NASA RPT Program

Manager along with a representative from one of the DoDAlliance members. The DoD Co-Chair position rotates amongthe DoD Alliance members on a yearly basis. In addition, theAlliance maintains a Senior Steering Group (SSG), composedof a Senior NASA Official and a Senior Official from each ofthe NRPTA DoD entities. The SSG provides guidance to theAlliance by implementing authority for actions that have beenagreed upon in the respective organizations represented andit provides a forum for the NRPTA to present results andproposed actions.

One of the most valuable services that the Alliance providesto the testing community is its collaborative interface forcustomers, which include government agencies, commercialentities, and academia with rocket propulsion test interest.Customers supply NRPTA with detailed test requirements,and NRPTA, in turn, executes an evaluation process thatidentifies specific facility infrastructure (test site), test personneland resources needed to support the test program. Theevaluation process identifies cost estimates, relative to facilities,special test equipment, propellants and other general and

continued on page5

NRPTA’s coordinated effort led to the removal of excesspressure vessels from the Boeing Santa Susana TestFacility and shipment to rocket test facilities located atNAWC, WSTF and MSFC.

By installing four excess NASA vessels, the Naval AirWarfare Center at China Lake, California was able toincrease its compressed air storage volume at its T-Range.

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005 Page 5

administrative costs that are necessary tosupport the test program. Additionally, theAlliance identifies program risks, related totechnical issues, schedule and cost, whichcould impact the test program. After detailedanalysis and discussions within the Alliance,and with the customer, NRPTA issues a testprogram recommendation to its customer,which it believes provides the best overall valueto the test program.

In support of its task to maintain rocket testfacilities capabilities, the NRPTA sponsored theChemical Propulsion Information Agency(CPIA) in its development of a dynamic onlinedatabase of test facilities. The RocketPropulsion Test Facilities (RPTF) Databasecontains extensive detail on facility status,condition and test capabilities on all majorNASA, DoD and commercial static rocket testfacilities in the U.S., including those facilities within theNRPTA. The database is accessible to both NRPTA membersand to the greater propulsion community (through CPIAsubscription). It is updated quarterly, ensuring that up-to-dateinformation is available to support all NRPTA decisions. Moreinformation on the RPTF and database subscriptions areavailable on CPIA’s Web site at: http://www.cpia.jhu.edu/products/index.php?action=dbs.

Throughout its existence, the NRPTA has executed multipleinter-agency actions resulting in a cost savings/avoidance inexcess of $8.7 million to U.S. government rocket propulsiontest programs. The following are examples of such inter-agency coordination facilitated by the NRPTA:

• Resource Sharing: In support of Space Shuttle Return-to-Flight Operations, NRPTA coordinated the loan, installationand training in support of a high-speed video camera andassociated equipment, from Stennis Space Center to ArnoldEngineering Development Center, to support necessary windtunnel testing of the External Tank (ET) Bi-pod region. Thisaction provided a cost savings/avoidance to the ShuttleProgram of approximately $92K.

• Personnel Assignments: Temporary relocation ofTechnicians and Engineers throughout the NRPTA communityin order to receive or conduct specific training in test operationsor provide augmentation personnel to fulfill criticalcompetencies in test operations. Various assignments haveresulted in a cost savings/avoidance of approximately $310Kto government rocket propulsion test programs throughoutNRPTA’s existence.

• Resource Allocations: Alliance members will permanentlytransfer or loan rocket propulsion test infrastructure whenthese resources are no longer needed at one location and will

NRPTA....continued from page 4

provide necessary facility upgrades that enhance testcapabilities at another location. NAWC’s recent installationof four pressure vessels obtained from NASA excess inventory,located at the Boeing Santa Susana Test Facility, resulted in acost savings/avoidance of approximately $3.2 million toNAWC.

The NRPTA is also proud to support the President’s Visionfor U.S. Space Exploration, which identifies fundamentalgoals for the Nation’s space exploration program. Success inachieving these goals will be facilitated through inter-agencypartnerships, commercial and academia teaming, and thecontinued operation of existing cooperative alliances, such asthe NRPTA. The NRPTA will continue to provide excellentopportunities to leverage resources and create venues forinnovation in support of the President’s Vision. Additionalinformation on NRPTA is available at: https://rockettest.ssc.nasa.gov.

NRPTA Industry Survey

Now that you’ve had a chance to readabout NRPTA activities, please take amoment to complete our industry surveyon the interaction of government andindustry rocket test organizations. Simplygo to our Web site at https://rockettest.ssc.nasa.gov/nrpta/ and click on‘Industry Survey.’

Thank you for your interest.

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005Page 6

The University of Alabama in HuntsvillePropulsion Research Center

Introduction

The University of Alabama inHuntsville (UAH) Propulsion ResearchCenter was created in February 1991with the mission to provide anenvironment that connects the academicresearch community with the needs andconcerns of the propulsion community,while promoting interdisciplinaryapproaches to solving propulsionproblems. The Center continues itscommitment to being an integral part ofthe UAH academic program, and assuch, its policy is to seek only thoseexternally funded efforts that will providegraduate students with the material formaster’s theses, doctoral dissertations,or supplemental support forundergraduate development. Thus, theresearch endeavors serve as the meansby which students associated with theCenter achieve a high-quality educationin engineering and related fields.

Organization

Dr. Clark Hawk, Director of thePropulsion Research Center, reports tothe Senior Vice President for Research,Dr. Lawrence R. Greenwood. Dr.Hawk is responsible for the technicaland fiscal management of researchaccomplished under the auspices of thePropulsion Research Center. Dr. RobertFrederick, Associate Director of thePropulsion Research Center, works inconjunction with Dr. Hawk to implementmanagement of the Center. Individualresearchers are usually drawn from theCollege of Engineering and the Collegeof Science. Thus, the Center serves asan umbrella organization under which thefaculty members conduct their research.The Center assists faculty in marketingresearch programs, creates inter-disciplinary teams to address complexpropulsion research issues, provides

office space for faculty andstudents, and provideslaboratories and equipment tosupport their research.

At present, the Center isfocused on establishedcooperative research efforts,including research assistantshipsinvolving the followingdepartments and centers withinUAH:

• Chemical Engineering• Electrical and Computer

Engineering• Mechanical and Aerospace

Engineering• Physics• Chemistry• Information Technology Science

CenterExpenditures for the fiscal year 2004

topped $3 million, an increase of 67%over FY 2003. As a consequence ofrecent awards from the NationalAeronautics and Space Administration(NASA), the Center has been able toaddress propulsion research topics on abroad front including combustion stability,heat transfer and thermal management,plasma diagnostics, electric propulsiondevices, air breathing propulsion systems,and feed system issues.

Facilities Capabilities

The recent support from NASA hasprovided for the expansion of thePropulsion Test Facility to encompass anexisting rocket test facility and add anair breathing test position. This expansionwill more than double hot fire testingcapabilities. The addition includes aninstrumentation room between the twohot firing positions to house lasers, opticaldiagnostics, and other testing equipment.It will provide optical access to both test

positions. The data acquisition system isbeing upgraded to include 32 channelsfor thermocouples, 32 channels recordingat 1000 Hz, 8 channels recording througha Butterworth filter, 16 high speedchannels recording up to1.25 MHz; andit has the capacity for further expansion.The facility can handle static rocketfirings up to 400 lbf. The test stands areoperated and observed remotely toprovide for the safety of test personnel.A new abort monitoring system has beeninstalled to aid in the safe operation ofthe test facility. To date, several systemshave been tested in a static conditionincluding Nitrous oxide/Propane, aNitrous Oxide/HTPB hybrid, and GOX/RP-1/Aluminum as well as various solidpropellant motors. All tests are doneremotely from the control room insidethe adjacent Johnson Research Center.Diagnostic capability has been greatlyenhanced also by the acquisition of botha Particle Imaging Velocimeter (PIV)and a Phased Doppler Particle Analyzer(PDPA) to augment the Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet(Nd:YAG) laser and intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) cameraspreviously available.The Center is

continued on page 7

UAH Water Tunnel with Supply Tank and Pump

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005 Page 7

UAH....continued from page 6

nearing the activation of its vacuum testfacility which consists of a 6’ dia. X 13’vacuum chamber capable of absolutepressures of 10-6 Torr. The chamber isfitted with a Stokes roughing pump thatcan reach 2 mTorr while high vacuum isachieved with a 20” oil diffusion pump.There are a total of 9 ports (2 top, 4 side,2 bottom, 1 front), which can be usedfor optical viewing, high voltage pass-through, and many other applications.When operational, research ondiagnostic methods will be initiated usinga well-calibrated 8 cm Xenon ionthruster obtained from Colorado StateUniversity.The Flow VisualizationLaboratory is now complete. The watertunnel is designed to facilitate bothinternal and external flow visualizationresearch. Powered by a 25HPcentrifugal pump, the system is capableof pumping over 1500 gallons of waterat an expected rate of up to 1250 gallonsper minute. The feed system consists ofboth a supply tank and a holding tank.Water is pumped from the supply tankthrough a 4” diameter pipe to the testsection. The water then flows out of thetest section into a holding tank and ispumped back to the supply tank througha filter completing the flow loop. The testsection will be used to investigate theflow and mixing processes inside avariety of rocket and air breathingpropulsion systems. The test section islocated within a “tub” that is eight feetlong, four feet wide and two feet deep.The tub is filled with water to minimizethe refraction effects so as to facilitateoptical diagnostics. The lab is currentlypreparing to use the PIV to map the flowfields associated with a vortex typeinjector system.

NASA has also provided funding fortwo major initiatives that are beingpursued concurrently at the Center: TheRocket Engine Advancement Program(REAP) and the Propulsion ResearchInitiative. REAP is being conductedunder the auspices of the Constellation

Universities Initiative Project (CUIP)(see Web site: https://stin.nasa.gov/cuiphomepage/). REAP includesfundamental research in the areas ofcombustion instability and thrust chambercooling being performed by a universityconsortium including Auburn, Penn State,Purdue, Tuskegee and UAH. Additionalinformation about the content and statusof this program is available on the REAPWeb site: http://reap2.uah.edu/.

Additional Research

The Propulsion Research Initiativeembraces a host of research projects:

• Combined Cycle Propulsion, whichincludes Vitiation Effects, VariableEnthalpy Ops., and Mode Transitions,such as ignition/flameholding/fuel stateeffects.

• RP-1 Thermal Stability, whichfocuses on Specification Effects, suchas RP-1 sulfur content, absorbed oxygencontent, and additives; and Model ShearEffects on HC Deposition.

• Injector Scaling, which details SprayStudies of Gas/Liquid Swirl Injectors.

• Reciprocating Feed System, aspecifically unique, lightweight feedsystem that includes System PayoffAnalyses and experimental evaluation of

the concept, including its design andfabrication as well as testing of its multi-function valve.

• Tether Damage Assessment, whichexplores Damage Sources, such asMicrometeorites/Atomic Oxygen; andDiagnostics, such as Detection andQuantification of Damage.

• Plasma Physics Applications, whichinclude Magnetic Field Detachment viaanalytic study of beam neutralizationusing charge exchange, and SuperAlfvenic detachment modeling;Inductively Coupled Plasmoid Thrustercomprised of magnetic field andquadruple Langmuir probe diagnostics,X-ray diagnostics for high power fusiondevice, and MHD modeling of plasmoidformation and acceleration; and TwoStage Pulsed ElectromagneticAccelerators.

• Advanced Thermal Management,which entails experimental evaluation ofa solid state heat pipe.

The Propulsion Research Initiative isbeing performed at facilities on the UAHcampus and at NASA Marshall SpaceFlight Center (MSFC). The progress andstatus of these efforts may be trackedat the Propulsion Research InitiativeWeb site:http://reap2.uah.edu/PropInit/.

RFS Test Assembly

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005Page 8

Charleston Hosts the JANNAF 40th CS/28th APS/22nd PSHS/4th MSS Meeting

Join us for the Joint Army-Navy-NASA-Air Force(JANNAF) 40th CombustionSubcommittee (CS), 28thAirbreathing PropulsionSubcommittee (APS), 22ndPropulsion Systems HazardsSubcommittee (PSHS), and 4thModeling and SimulationSubcommittee (MSS) Meeting tobe held 13-17 June 2005 at theCharleston Area ConventionCenter and the Charleston AirForce Base in North Charleston,South Carolina. The ProgramChair for the meeting is Dr.Unmeel B. Mehta of NASAAmes Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. For a copy ofthe Invitation and Preliminary Program, contact CPIA’s DebbieEggleston or Mary Gannaway at 410-9920-7300, ext. 202 or211, respectively, or via e-mail to: dse@jhu.edu ormtg@jhu.edu. The Preliminary Technical Program blockdiagram is available at http://www.cpia.jhu.edu/pdfs/meetings/Technical%20Block%20Diagram.pdf.

CS, APS, PSHS and MSS Technical Meetings

The program boasts nearly 250 technical papers in over 40technical sessions, and a host of technical workshops, andpanel and town hall meetings.

The CS will be hosting 16 technical sessions; the Predictionand Measurement of Lean Blowout in Scramjet CombustorsWorkshop (joint with APS); panel meetings for PropellantBurning Rate Control & Tailoring, and Kinetics & RelatedAspects of Propellant Combustion; and town meetings forSolids, Liquids and Guns.

The APS will also host 16 technical sessions; workshopson Pulse Detonation Combustion for Propulsion, and Predictionand Measurement of Lean Blowout in Scramjet Combustors(joint with CS); and panel meetings for Component-Level &Physical Modeling & Validation, Engine Testing & Validation,Fuels, Test Medium Effects Working Group, Advanced EngineCycle, and Structures & Materials.

The PSHS will host seven technical sessions; and panelmeetings on Safety & Hazard Classification, Cookoff Hazards,and Impact/Shock Induced Reactions.

The MSS will be hosting four technical sessions; theEngineering of Complex Systems Workshop; panel meetingsfor System Integration, Virtual Engineering, Integrated HealthManagement, and Uncertainty Assessment & Management;

and a specialist session onModeling and Simulation Tools.

Natalie Crawford toPresent Keynote Address

Mrs. Natalie W. Crawford,Vice President and Director,Project AIR FORCE (PAF),from RAND located in SantaMonica, Calif. will deliver akeynote address on the subjectof access to space and providea perspective on hypersonicairbreathing propulsion formilitary Earth to low- Earth orbittransportation operations.

Mrs. Crawford is responsible for all research conducted atRAND for the U.S. Air Force. Since joining RAND in 1964as a member of the Engineering Sciences and Aeronauticaland Astronautics departments, she has held a wide variety ofresearch and administrative posts. Prior to joining RAND,she worked with North American Aviation from 1961-1964

as a Programmer Analyst.She is a distinguished military

operations research and analyticleader at the top of the DefenseDepartment’s list of expertsregularly asked to chair seniorlevel panels, boards, councils, andwar-gaming steering groups. Anardent analysis advocate andsupporter, she has influenced thedevelopment of the nation’sdefense capabilities for decades.Her personal research work hasspanned all aspects of militaryaircraft and weapons employ-ment. She has also led PAF

research on aircraft survivability, conventional standoffweapons, tactical aircraft, electronic combat, and integratedavionics for the advanced tactical fighter.

Charleston Area Convention Center

Natalie W. Crawford

JANNAF Announces Reduced Student Fees

In order to foster greater participation in JANNAF activitiesby future scientists and engineers, JANNAF is pleased toannounce reduced registration fees for students at technicalconferences. Starting with the June 2005 CS/APS/PSHS/ MSSmeeting, meeting registration fees for registered full-time andcooperative education students will be $50.

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005 Page 9

In Memoriam, Edward E. BaroodyDecember 1931-February 2005

The energetics research and demilitarizationcommunity are saddened by the sudden and tragicdeath of 74-year old Edward E. “Ed” Baroody, who wasthe victim of a homicide on 27 February 2005 near hishome in Charles County, Maryland. An arrest has beenmade in the case.

Ed was well known to the energetic materials, JANNAF, anddemilitarization communities. Upon his retirement in 2000 from anextensive 40-year career in energetic materials research at the NavalSurface Warfare Center, Ed worked for Applied Ordnance Technology(AOT) of Waldorf, Maryland, until the time of his death. He was theauthor of 45 publications, seven patents, and numerous technicalpresentations, and provided guidance to the Navy and DoD in theirefforts to develop high-energy, insensitive energetic compositionsto meet specific munitions requirements.

Ed was perhaps most widely known for the extensive laboratorywork he conducted at NSWC throughout the 1970s in determiningthe heats of formation, explosion, and combustion of many matureand experimental ingredients for propellants and explosiveformulations. The results of his work dominate the data libraries ofseveral industry-standard propellant performance prediction andthermochemistry computer codes.

Ed also developed a national reputation for his work in thecomputer modeling of the open burning/open detonation (OB/OD)

of energetic materials. The program he wrote to predictpollution products OB/OD of propellants andexplosives has been used as a basis to obtain burningpermits from regulatory agencies throughout the U.S.

Ed served the United States Marine Corps from 1950to 1952. He was a graduate of the University of

Richmond where he received a BS in Chemistry. He was also theauthor of a children’s book, The Magic Forest. Ed was predeceasedby his wife, Janice, and is survived by four children and elevengrandchildren.

Ed’s technical contributions to the industry will live long afterhis death. He was an advocate of documenting and sharing technicalknowledge, and just recently submitted for publication a technicalpaper entitled “The Influence of Oxygen Content and Surroundingson the Heats of Explosion and Detonation of Organic Explosives,”which will update work he co-authored in 1998 with Susan Peters. Ina posthumous tribute, Ed’s JANNAF paper is scheduled forpublication in the proceedings of the 33rd Propellant & ExplosivesDevelopment and Characterization Subcommittee (PEDCS) Meetingthat will be held in Destin, Florida, in March 2006.

Ed will be greatly missed by his many friends and associates,including those in JANNAF and here at CPIA.

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005Page 10

SPD Available on CPIN....continued from page 1

search is available to locate propellants containing from one to six specific user-defined ingredients in the formulation. SPDalso has a convenient set of browse indexes where a user may view a tabular listing of propellants by increasing order ofburning rate, thrust, specific impulse, flame temperature, or density.

SPD General Information Display

Plans are being made to further populate SPD with gun propellant data. To obtain SPD subscription information andpricing, contact CPIA Customer Service at 410-992-7300, ext. 211 or 202. Eligibility requirements for accessing CPIA productsand services, including Secure CPIN, are found at the bottom of the CPIA Home Page at http://www.cpia.jhu.edu.

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005 Page 11

TheCPIA

Crossword

byCaitlinEubank

~

Across1. 24 satellite constellation,6 orbital planes2. 1.01325E6 dynes per sqcm in atmospheres5. Philosophiae NaturalisPrincipia Mathematica,first name10. Fuel + oxidant + heat=12. Literally, same entropy13. The Dog Star, Fleet of 3to work15. P

exit < P

ambient

17. (1-e)a = distance of ___ (prefix)19. Point of farthestapproach in elliptical orbit21. Thrust is to drag as lift is to _____22. Homogeneous solid propellant withnitroglycerin-nitrocellulose + additives (2words)24. Efficiency (Greek)26. a.k.a. Jupiter27. Local upstream flow speed divided bylocal speed of sound in fluid ( 2 words)30. Hybrid propellant, no laughing matter! (2words)34. Change in (Greek)36. H

f of H

2

37. Fuel efficient path between orbits39. Mass flow out of chamber times mass-averaged exhaust velocity40. Unit, chemistry, amount of substance41. Plutonium power (abbr.)43. Controls rocket or missile flight (abbr.)

Down1. Combustion chamber stores3. Unit of magnetic dipole moment

4. Used to measure fluid flow6. Target vehicle derived from Minuteman,zodiac sign7. Less than 340.29 m/s (1116.4 ft/s) @ SL8. N

2H

4, H

2O

2, liquid ________

9. First stage11. ELV code name L3S14. Moons Phobos and Deimos16. Sparrow, sidewinder, AMRAAM forexample (3 words)18. Positively charged launcher20. Length of path traveled by light invacuum during 1/299,792,458 of a second23. “Where Hydrogen is built into Helium ata temperature of millions of degrees”25. Rear28. Progressive, regressive or _____ basedon geometry29. Angle of Attack (Greek)30. Precursor to NASA31. Popular choice of fuel for electrostaticpropulsion32. Integral of acceleration over time, effort

for orbital maneuver33. Gas, liquid, or solid35. Beginning of ignition train for SRMs37. Cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine(abbr.)38. Equates to PV

ReferencesHill, P. and Peterson, C. Mechanics andThermodynamics of Propulsion, 2nd Ed. 1992.Humble, R.W., Henry, G.N., Larson, W.J.Space Propulsion Analysis and Design.Space Technology Series. 1995.Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page.

“Back to Basics”

FAX YOUR ANSWERS TO:410-730-4969, Attn: Caitlin

The first person to submit the correctlycompleted crossword will receive aJANNAF Rocket Scientist T-Shirt!

Questions/feedback on the puzzle maybe directed to crossword@cpia.jhu.edu.

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005Page 12

Solid Propellant Gap Test Round Robin Underway

AMRDEC LSGT Setup

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LSGT Basic Configuration

Gap tests have long been used by propellant and explosive developersto assess the relative sensitivity of energetic materials to shock initiationby a donor explosive whose shock has been attenuated by an inert gap.Over the years, the NOL Large Scale Gap Test (LSGT) has become astandard tool for rating a propellant’s response to shock, since it helpspropellant developers conduct a reliable screening of detonable materialswith a minimum of instrumentation. Unfortunately, each organizationuses a different test setup and procedures as well as potentially differentsuppliers of certain components to run the test. This inevitably leads tovariations in test conduct and difficulty comparing test results from onefacility with those of another. The JANNAF community has longstruggled with this concern and would benefit from the identificationand assessment of the variations in test methods currently used by U.S.propellant developers.

The Army’s Aviation and Missile Research, Development andEngineering Center (AMRDEC) , in cooperation with the JANNAFPropellant Systems Hazards Subcommittee (PSHS) and Propellant &Explosives Development and Characterization Subcommittee (PEDCS) ,

has initiated round robin testing tocompare LSGT results obtained byparticipating industrial organizations.AMRDEC personnel have loadedpropellant samples, prepared from thesame 5-gallon mix, using two types ofpropellant: (1) a high-energy, nitramine-filled composite, with an estimated shock sensitivity above the 70-card discriminator between hazard divisions 1.1 and 1.3; and (2) an unfilled, cast double base, expected totest below the 70-card level. Following radiographic inspection, test samples will be shipped to theparticipating facilities for testing.

Currently, nine organizations have agreed to participate, including facilities from all three military Services,and three private industry representatives. Besides reporting gap test results, each facility will record thematerials and procedures used, to assist the evaluation of test variable impact on recorded responses.Progress reports will be presented at the upcoming PSHS meeting in June, and at the PEDCS meeting nextMarch.

Organizations wishing to participate should contact Jamie Neidert at Jamie.Neidert@us.army.mil orMike Fisher at mfisher@cpia.jhu.edu for more information.

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005 Page 13

The NATO InsensitiveMunitions Information Center(NIMIC) had been in existencesince 1988. NIMIC’s missionhas been to help its membernations develop and procureInsensitive Munitions (IM).The IM concept is now widelyaccepted, which shows thesuccess of NIMIC and the IMcommunity. IM is nowconsidered a normal munitionssafety requirement.

However, guarding againstcatastrophic incidents throughout allphases of a munition’s life cycle -development, production, transportation,storage, and use or disposal - requiresthe expertise of the designers andconstant vigilance by users. In addition,the development and fielding of safermunitions contributes to DefenceAgainst Terrorism, one of the highestpriorities of NATO.

Therefore, the NIMIC nationsdecided to broaden the scope of NIMICto include munitions safety across the fulllife cycle. This was made officialthrough an amendment to the NIMICMemorandum of Understanding, signedon December 15, 2004. Thisamendment also changed the name ofthe project from NIMIC to MSIAC(Munitions Safety Information AnalysisCenter).

Standardization is a key step inthe development and fielding ofsafer munitions. Within the NATOcommunity, the Conference ofNational Armaments Directors(CNAD) Ammunition SafetyGroup, also called CASG or AC/326, is in charge of this area. TheMSIAC nations have decided tooffer part of the MSIACresources to support AC/326’sProgram of Work. A very fruitful

partnership has developed quickly, withabout 20% of the MSIAC resourcesdedicated to the support of AC/326.

Although the name has changed, andthe scope of activities has broadened, theimportance of MSIAC as a resource forthe munitions community remains thesame. For more information aboutMSIAC’s products and services, contactthe MSIAC staff at msiac@hq.nato.intor by telephone at 32-2-707-5416.

NIMIC Becomes MSIAC

Soliciting Suggestions

The May 2004 issue of the CPIABulletin included a ReadershipResponse survey designed to elicit 1)feedback on what our readers likeabout the publication, and 2)suggestions for how we could improveit. We are pleased to report that wehave heard from a number of oursubscribers – but we’d like to hear frommore of you! We are continuallylooking for ways to improve what wedo so that we can best serve theinterests and needs of the entirepropulsion community. For those ofyou who would like anotheropportunity to share your thoughtsand suggestions, the following linkwill direct you to a brief (2-minute)survey: http://www.cpia.jhu.edu/Forms/BulletinSurvey.htm.

At the end of the survey, you canregister to win one of our JANNAF“Rocket Scientist” T-Shirts.

We appreciate your time andpledge to make it worth your effort!

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005Page 14

SBIR News and Updates

Accurate Automation Corporation Develops Projects for Hypersonic Flight

Accurate Automation Corporation of Chattanooga, Tennesseeis an innovative company that has participated in the SmallBusiness Innovation Research (SBIR) program since the late1980s. Accurate Automation has had 44 SBIRs for Army, Navy,Air Force, MDA, NASA, NSF and DOT; and it specializes inthe development of hypersonic flight projects. Accurate’sactivities include development of unmanned aircraft systems,advanced aircraft data acquisition systems, and research intoplasma aerodynamicsapplications.

Accurate hasdesigned, developed andflown both theLoFLYTE® and X-43A-LS unmanned aircraft,which were used in testflights at the Air ForceFlight Test Center atEdwards Air Force Baseand at Eglin Air ForceBase.

The LoFLYTE®

vehicle is a “waverider”shaped aircraft, designedto demonstrate take-off,low speed maneuver, andlanding capabilies for thefirst stage of a Mach 5hypersonic waveriderconfiguration. Accuratedeveloped and fabricatedtwo LoFLYTE®

configuration aircraft,each 100 inches long,powered by 42-poundthrust turbojets, andcapable of speeds of 150knots, with a maximum operational ceiling of 5,000 feet. Theaircraft avionics suite includes a spread spectrum telemetrytransceiver (to downlink test data), an onboard flight computer(hosting the stability augmentation algorithm), and aninstrumention set that includes GPS, rates, angle-of-attack,sideslip, airspeed, altitude, accelerations, surface positions, engineRPM, engine temperature along with aircraft video.

These aircraft have made over two dozen successful flightssince the initial flight in December 1995 and have been invaluablein demonstrating both controlled recovery and low speedperformance for single expansion ramp waverider designs.

The X-43ALS aircraft, developed for NASA Langley andAmes, Air Force Research Lab-Air Vehicles, NAVAIR and ONR,is a Mach 10 Lifting Body Demonstrator subsonic test bedUnmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) designed to demonstrateautonomous missions. The fuselage of X-43ALS is a full sizereplica of the outer mold lines of the NASA X-43A (Hyper-X)lifting body configuration, with wings and the vertical tails sizedand modified for low speed flight. Accurate has also developed

and manufactured twoX-43ALS aircraft, each144 inches long, withwingspans of 78 inches,weighing 200 poundsand powered by a singleAT1700 turbojet engine.Performance estimatesfor the UAV indicate topspeeds in excess of 450knots. The aircraft arefitted with Accurate’sflight control, dataacquisition, GPS andground stationtransmission systemsfor real time tracking ofthe aircraft and missionexecution, with many ofthe same systems asLoFLYTE®.

Since the initial flighton 18 October 2001, theX-43ALS has a total offive successful testflights demonstratingtake-off, maneuver andrecovery of this realMach 10 shape.

Development and testing of these unmanned systems hasresulted in several significant technological achievementsincluding a small (20 pound) jet engine with 150 to 210 poundthrust range; a multi-processor Pentium class flight computerwith fly-by-light wiring for control and data collection;autonomous control systems with collision avoidance and multi-ship formation flying; and, a reusable X-43 platform for runwaytake-off and landing.

Accurate also participates in research in plasma aerodynamicsfor hypersonic applications, funded by NSF, NASA and NAVY

X43A-LS Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Flight.

Shadowgraph of plasma shock modification at Mach 4.

continued on page 15

CPIA Bulletin/Vol. 31, No. 3, May 2005 Page 15

People in Propulsion

Garry Lyles Selected as First Chief Engineer, Exploration Systems Mission Directorate

Excerpted from NASA General Interest Announcement, 8 March 2005.

NASA announced recently that its Exploration SystemsMission Directorate (ESMD) selected Mr. Garry Lyles to be theDirectorate’s first Chief Engineer. Lyles has been on detail forthe past year from the Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville,Ala., to NASA Headquarters serving as the Director ofConstellation Systems.

Lyles’ responsibilities as Chief Engineer will include broadtechnical cognizance, insight, and oversight of all ESMDprograms as well as the establishment, approval, and maintenanceof technical requirements, processes, and policy.

ESMD is responsible for directing the design and developmentof new capabilities necessary to achieve the Vision for U.S.Space Exploration human and robotic missions to the moon,Mars and beyond. The anchor of this capability will be the new

APL’s Michael Griffin Becomes New NASA Administrator

SBIR programs. The team at Accurate has developed a theoryand demonstrated that plasma can be used at supersonic andhypersonic speeds for both shock wave and drag modification.This patented technology operates by injecting a weakly ionizedgas onto the vehicle surface to generate various aerodynamicphenomena. The emerging applications for this technology isfor control of airflow around the vehicle, but the benefits of thistechnology can also be applied to the reduction of drag on amoving body (increasing fuel efficiency and range); theattenuation of sonic boom created by supersonic aircraft; and

Accurate Automation Corp....continued from page 14

Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) that will carry humans fromEarth to space.

As the ESMD Chief Engineer, Lyles will have broad technicalresponsibilities over ESMD programs including the Constellation“system of systems,” which includes the CEV, and supportingtechnology investment programs. He will work closely withNASA’s Chief Engineer to ensure that development efforts andmission operations are planned and conducted with soundengineering, safety, and controls to manage technical risks.

Lyles has 29 years of experience in systems analysis, systemtest and evaluation, and technology program management. Healso served as the Chief Engineer for the Space Shuttle mainengine program.

airflow control within aircraft engines (for engine performanceenhancement). The technology has been demonstrated inAccurate’s Mach 2 to 7 wind tunnel, at both atmospheric andsimulated altitude conditions.

For more information on Accurate Automation, visit theirWeb site at http://www.accurate-automation.com or contactthem directly at 423-894-4646.

The Johns Hopkins University made news headlines again March 15, 2005 when PresidentBush nominated Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) scientist Michael Griffin to be the nextadministrator of NASA. Griffin’s nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate onApril 13, 2005; he is NASA’s11th Administrator. Prior to his appointment, Griffin was head ofAPL’s Space Department, a 600-person, $200 million laboratory division that supports civilianand military spaceflight programs, including missile and air defense.

Prior to joining APL, Griffin held a number of executive positions, including that of Presidentand Chief Operating Officer of In-Q-Tel, Inc., a private non-profit funded by the CIA. Hewas also CEO of Orbital Sciences Corporation, Magellan Systems, Inc., developer of rocketsand missiles. Griffin’s new position represents a return to NASA. In the early 1990s, Griffinserved as Associate Administrator for Exploration and then as Chief Engineer, responsible tothe Administrator for the technical review and execution of all NASA programs. In his firstaddress to NASA employees as Administrator, Griffin said that his immediate focus would beReturn to Flight efforts.

Griffin received a bachelor’s degree in physics and later a master’s degree in appliedphysics from Johns Hopkins. He holds a doctorate degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland, CollegePark. He has four additional master’s degrees in electrical engineering, aerospace science, business administration, and civilengineering.

JANNAF MEETING CALENDAR

BulletinC P I A

The Johns Hopkins UniversityChemical Propulsion Information Agency10630 Little Patuxent Parkway, Suite 202Columbia, MD 21044-3204Phone 410-992-7300

ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED

Policy on Non-Government Attendees at JANNAF Meetings. Attendance at unclassified meetings for non-government employees isrestricted to U.S. citizens whose organizations are 1) registered with the Defense Logistics Information Service (DLIS) and 2) registeredwith the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) OR are certified by a sponsoring government official from one of the participatingJANNAF agencies. Additional information concerning registrations with DTIC or DLIS can be obtained by contacting DTIC at 1-800-225-3842 (www.dtic.mil/dtic/registration/index.html) or DLIS at 1-800-352-3572 (www.dlis.dla.mil/jcp/). The requirement for attendance atclassified JANNAF meetings remains unchanged.

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