the joint center for satellite data assimilation: science workshop 2006 john le marshall director,...
DESCRIPTION
The Challenge Satellite Systems/Global Measurements Aqua Terra TRMM SORCE SeaWiFS Aura Meteor/ SAGE GRACE ICESat Cloudsat Jason CALIPSO GIFTS TOPEX Landsat NOAA/ POES GOES-R WindSAT NPP COSMIC/GPS SSMIS NPOESSTRANSCRIPT
The Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation: Science Workshop
2006 John Le Marshall
Director, JCSDA
Overview
• Welcome• The Challenge • Progress, Major Accomplishments • Plans/Future Prospects• Summary
The ChallengeSatellite Systems/Global Measurements
Aqua
Terra
TRMM
SORCE
SeaWiFS
Aura
Meteor/SAGE
GRACE
ICESat
Cloudsat
Jason
CALIPSO
GIFTS
TOPEXLandsat
NOAA/POES
GOES-R
WindSAT
NPP
COSMIC/GPS
SSMIS
NPOESS
4
Priority
Platform Instrument Status UV
Vis
ible
IR Mic
row
ave
Tem
pera
ture
Hum
idity
Clo
ud
Prec
ipita
tion
Win
d
Ozo
ne
Land
Sur
face
Oce
an
Surf
ace
Aer
osol
s
Eart
h R
adia
tion
Budg
et
NOAA NAVY NASAAIR
FORCE
NAVY NON -ASSIM
DMSP F-13 CurrentSSM/I * v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1SSM/T v 3 3 3 3 2
SSM/T-2 v v 3 3 3 3 2F-14 Current
SSM/I * v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1SSM/T v 3 3 3 3 2
SSM/T-2 v v 3 3 3 3 2F-15 Current
SSM/I * v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1SSM/T v 3 3 3 3 2
SSM/T-2 v v 3 3 3 3 2F-16 Current
SSM/T v 3 3 3 3 2SSM/T-2 v v 3 3 3 3 2SSMI/S 2 1 2 1 1
OLS v v v 3 2 3 2NOAA-14 Current
MSU* v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1HIRS/2 * v v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1AVHRR * v v v v v 1 1 2SBUV/2 * v 1 1 1 1 2
SEMDCS
SARSATNOAA-15 CurrentAMSU-A * v v v v v v 1 1 1 2 1AMSU-B * v v 1 1 1 1 1HIRS/3 * v v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
AVHRR/3 * v v v v v 1 1 2SEM/2DCS
SARSATNOAA-16 CurrentAMSU-A * v v v v v v 1 1 1 2 1AMSU-B * v v 1 1 1 1 1HIRS/3 * v v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
AVHRR/3 * v v v v v 1 1 2SBUV/2 * v 1 1 1 1 2
SEM/2DCS
SARSATNOAA-17 CurrentAMSU-A * v v v v v v 1 1 1 2 1AMSU-B * v v 1 1 1 1 1HIRS/3 * v v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
AVHRR /3* v v v v v 1 1 2SBUV/2 * v 1 1 1 1 2
SEM/2DCS
SARSATNOAA-18 CurrentAMSU-A * v v v v v v 1 1 1 2 1AVHRR * v v v v v 1 1 2SBUV * v 1 1 1 1 2HIRS/4 * v v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
MHS v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
Satellite Instruments and Their Characteristics / Feburary 16, 2006Wavelength Primary Information Content
POES
5
Imager * 1 1 1 1 1Sounder * v v v v v v 3 1 3 1 2
GFO Altimeter* Current v v 1 1 1 1 1MTSAT Imager * Current v v v v v v v 1 1 3 1 1
Terra MODIS* Current v v v v v v v v 2 1 2 1 1TMI* Current v v v v v v 2 2 2 2 1VIRS v v v 3 2 3 2 2
PR v 3 2 3 2 1CERES v 3 3 3 3 3
QuikSCAT Scatterometer * Current v v 1 1 1 1 1TOPEX Altimeter * Current TPW v v 1 1 1 1 1
JASON-1 Altimeter Current TPW v v 1 1 1 1 1AMSR-E Current v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1AMSU* v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
HSB v v v 3 3 2AIRS* v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
MODIS* v v v v v v v v 2 1 1 1 1Envisat Altimeter* Current v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
MWR v v 2 1 2 1 1MIPAS v v 2 2 2 2 2AATSR v 2 1 2 1 2MERIS v v v v 2 2 2 2 1
SCIAMACHY v v v v 3 3 3 3 3GOMOS v 2 1 2 1 2
Windsat Polarimetric radiometer
Current SST TPW v v v v2 1 2 1 1
Aura OMI Current v 1 1 1 1 2MLS v 2 2 2 2 2
INSAT-3D Imager 2007 v v v v v v vSounder v v v v v v
FY-1 Current v v v v v v vFY- 2 Current v v v v v v
CHAMP GPS Current v v 1 2 1 2 1COSMIC GPS Current v v 1 2 1 2 1
IASI 2006 v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1ASCAT v v v 1 1 1 1 1GRAS v v 1 2 1 2 3HIRS v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
AMSU v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1MHS v v 1 1 1 1 1
GOME-2 v 1 1 1 1 2AVHRR SST v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1VIIRS 2009 SST v v v v 1 1 1 1 1CRIS v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
OMPS 1 1 1 1 1ATMS v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
EO-3/IGL GIFTS 2009 v v v v v v v v 1 2 2 2 1SMOS MIRAS 2007 v v 1 2 1 2 1
VIIRS 2010 SST TPW v Polar
v v v1 1 1 1 1
CRIS v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1ATMS v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1CMIS v v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
GPSOS v v 1 2 1 2 2APS v 2 1 1 1 2
ERBS v 3 3 3 3 3Altimeter v v 1 1 1 1 1
OMPS v 1 1 1 1 1ADM Doppler lidar 2009 v 1 1 1 1 1GPM GMI 2010 v v v 2 2 2 2 1
DPR v 2 2 2 2 1ABI 2012 v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1HES v v v v v v v 1 1 1 1 1
NPP
GOES R
GOES
NPOESS
METOP
Polar
Current
TRMM
AQUA
6
KEY
Testing/Monitoring (Priority 1)
Not used / Monitoring (Other)
Operations Near Future
Future (Priority 1-3)
Instrument Failure
Current Operations ( *= Assimilated in NWP
Satellite Data used in NWP
• HIRS sounder radiances• AMSU-A sounder radiances• AMSU-B sounder radiances• GOES sounder radiances• GOES, Meteosat, GMS
winds• GOES precipitation rate• SSM/I precipitation rates• TRMM precipitation rates• SSM/I ocean surface wind
speeds• ERS-2 ocean surface wind
vectors
• Quikscat ocean surface wind vectors
• AVHRR SST• AVHRR vegetation fraction• AVHRR surface type• Multi-satellite snow cover• Multi-satellite sea ice• SBUV/2 ozone profile and
total ozone• Altimeter sea level
observations (ocean data assimilation)
• AIRS• MODIS Winds• …
~35 instruments
9
Sounding data used operationally within the GMAO/NCEP Global Forecast System
AIRS
HIRS sounder radiances
AMSU-A sounder radiances
MSUAMSU-B sounder radiances
GOES sounder radiances
SBUV/2 ozone profile and total ozone
On
14 - on15 - off16 - off17 - on
15 - on16 - on17 - off18 - onAQUA14 - on15 - on16 - on17 - on
10 - on12 - on
16 - on17 - on
CURRENT SATELLITE DATA – STATUSACTIVITIES INCLUDE
AIRS v2. Tested – moving to GSI
SSM/I Radiances Testing with GSI, prod. now used
COSMIC/CHAMP Assimilation tests underway
SSMIS Quality Control and Data Selection being Finalized
MODIS Winds v2. (using EE) Test and Development
WINDSAT Wind Vector Assimilation - Active
AMSR/E – Radiance Assimilation Assimilation Active
AIRS/MODIS Sounding Channels Assim. Data in Preparation
GOES – SW Winds To be Tested
GOES Hourly Winds To be Tested
GOES 11 and 12 Clear Sky Rad. Assim(6.7µm) To be Tested
MTSAT 1R Wind Assim. Test and development
AURA OMI Assimilation active
TOPEX,JASON1,ERS-2 ENVISAT ALTIMETER Test and Development, Ops 06 GODAS
FY – 2C Data in Preparation
~ 9 new instruments
11
S. Hemisphere 500 hPa AC Z 20S - 80S Waves 1-20
1 Jan - 15 Feb '04
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Forecast [day]
Anom
aly
Corr
elat
ion
'
GSI_Control GSI + AIRS
AIRS – v1, v2, …
12
N. Hemisphere 500 mb AC Z 60N - 90N Waves 1-20
1 Jan - 15 Feb '04
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Forecast [day]
Anom
aly
Corr
elat
ion
'
Ops Ops+MODIS
MODIS v1, v2, …
13
S. Hemisphere 500 hPa AC Z 20S - 80S Waves 1-20 1 Jan - 15 Feb '04
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Forecast [day]
Anom
aly
Corr
elat
ion
Control Wind & Q
Windsat – Impact on operations
Impact Study of AMSR-E radiance data in GSI
Assimilation experiments• Period 2-week cycling (Dec. 06, 2005 - Dec. 19, 2005)• System Analysis: GSI ( Mar. 2006 release version) + New MW Ocean emissivity model Forecast: operational forecast model Resolution: T382L64• Data set Cntl: same as operational Test: Cntl + AMSR-E radiance data
Positive impacts were found in the forecast.
Anomaly Correlation
15
Aura/OMI Total Ozone• Aura satellite launched in July
2004.• NASA began providing OMI
Total Ozone data to NOAA in NRT February 2006
• OMI provides 1000x more obs than operationally assimilated SBUV/2.
~90,000 OMI obs/orbit vs. ~90 SBUV/2 obs/orbit
• OMI profile to become available soon.
same quality and vertical resolution as SBUV/2 but 1000x the number of profiles
• JCSDA is assimilating Aura/OMI total ozone into the NCEP GFS in test mode .
• Aura/HIRDLS profiles will be available for assimilation tests soon.
Profile is higher quality and higher resolution than SBUV/2
“COSMIC” Preliminary ResultsLydia Cucurull (UCAR), John Derber,Russ Treadon…..
• Research CHAMP observations Delivered daily (time delayed) Formatted to look like COSMIC obs Processed as part of NCEP operations
• Preliminary impact study 2 months Low resolution (T62, 200 km) system Two assimilation methods
Bending angle Refractivity
• Encouraging results Improved 200 hPa Temperature Other verifications mixed Requires further, ongoing
investigation
200 hPa Temperature
Waves 1-3 Waves 4-9
AC
RMS error
Bias
Refr.Bnd Ang.
GOES – R OSSE
5 Day AC SH 1000HPa2-27Jan. 2004
0.73
0.735
0.74
0.745
0.75
0.755
ALL(251ch.) Short(115ch.) Control
Channels (All(251 AIRS ch.), Shortwave(115 AIRS ch.), Control(none)
AC
ALL(251ch.)
Short(115ch.)
Control
Test of channel frequency selection for HESUsing AIRS hyperspectral radiances
JCSDA Road Map (2002 - 2010)
Improved JCSDA data assimilation science
2002 2004 2007 2008 2009 200
5
OK
Required
2003
Advanced JCSDA community-based radiative transfer model,Advanced data thinning techniques
Scie
nce
Adv
ance
By 2010, a numerical weather prediction community will be empowered to effectively assimilate increasing amounts of
advanced satellite observations
2010
AMSU, HIRS, SSM/I, Quikscat,AVHRR, TMI, GOES assimilated
AIRS,MODIS,ATMS, CrIS, VIIRS, IASI, SSM/IS, AMSR, WINDSAT, GPS ,more products assimilated
Pre-JCSDA data assimilation science
Radiative transfer model, OPTRAN, ocean microwave emissivity, microwave land emissivity model, and GFS data assimilation system were developed
The radiances of satellite sounding channels were assimilated into EMC global model under only clear atmospheric conditions. Some satellite surface products (SST, GVI and snow cover, wind) were used in EMC models
A beta version of JCSDA community-based radiative transfer model (CRTM) transfer model will be developed, including non-raining clouds, snow and sea ice surface conditions
The radiances from advanced sounders will be used. Cloudy radiances will be tested under rain-free atmospheres, more products (ozone, wv AMVs)
NPOESS sensors ( CMIS, ATMS…) GIFTS, GOES-R
The CRTM include cloud, precipitation, scattering
The radiances can be assimilated under all conditions with the state-of-the science NWP models
Resources:
3D VAR -----------------------------------------------------4D VAR
2006
JCSDA SCIENCE PRIORITIES
• Science Priority I - Improve Radiative Transfer Models
- Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Modeling – The Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM)
- Surface Emissivity Modeling
• Science Priority II - Prepare for Advanced Operational Instruments
• Science Priority III -Assimilating Observations of Clouds and Precipitation - Assimilation of Precipitation - Direct Assimilation of Radiances in Cloudy and Precipitation Conditions
• Science Priority IV - Assimilation of Land Surface Observations from Satellites • Science Priority V - Assimilation of Satellite Oceanic Observations
• Science Priority VI – Assimilation for air quality forecastsStrat. Plan/JTOPS
Major Accomplishments• Common assimilation infrastructure at NOAA and NASA • Community radiative transfer model• Common NOAA/NASA land data assimilation system• Interfaces between JCSDA models and external researchers• Snow/sea ice emissivity model – permits 300% increase in sounding data usage
over high latitudes – improved polar forecasts• MODIS winds, polar regions, - improved forecasts - Implemented• AIRS radiances assimilated – improved forecasts - Implemented• Improved physically based SST analysis - Implemented• Preparation for advanced satellite data such as METOP (IASI,AMSU,MHS…),
COSMIC GPS, NPP (CrIS, ATMS….), NPOESS, GOES-R data underway.• Advanced satellite data systems such as DMSP (SSMIS), CHAMP GPS, Windsat
being tested for implementation.• Impact studies of POES AMSU, HIRS, EOS AIRS/MODIS, DMSP SSMIS,
Windsat, CHAMP GPS on NWP through EMC parallel experiments active• Data denial experiments completed for major data base components in support of
system optimisation • OSSE studies completed • Strategic plans of all Partners include 4D-VAR
Summary:Over the past three years the JCSDA has been developing a balanced program to support operational data assimilation in NASA, NOAA and the DoD.
Emphasis on the science priority areas has facilitated this balance.
The current and future satellite programs have been examined to develop a strategy to prepare for efficient implementation of satellite data as it becomes available. This has already resulted in considerably improved data usage.
Summary:
A most important activity for the Center is planning in relation to the form of the next generation assimilation systems to be used by the partners.. Current strategic planning involves the use of the 4D variational approach.