the land bridge story - early people crossed a bridge of land from asia to north america. other...
TRANSCRIPT
The Land Bridge Story- Early people crossed a bridge of land from Asia to North America.
Other TheoriesWhy – recent discoveriesWhy many Native Americans believe - their people have always lived in the Americas
Early Ways of LifeHow Ways of Life Changed – from hunting animals to farming and settling in one placeWhy Ways of Life Changed – because climate became warmer and drier, and giant animals died out
The Olmec and the MayaThe Olmec CivilizationAchievements – strong trade system, systems of writing and counting, caledarThe Mayan Civilization – Culture- influenced by Olmec traditions, writing and counting system, social classes, and build stone cities
Other CivilizationsWho – Mound Builders Who – Ancient PuebloansWhat they built – large earth mounds What their houses were like –
many levels, built against canyon walls or in caves
A cultural map is a map that shows different groups who live in a place and what they have in common.
A cultural region is an area in which people share some ways of life. Same climate and landforms Same animals and vegetation
Eastern Woodlands
“Look and listen for the welfare of the whole people and have always in view not only the present but also coming generations…”
from the Iroquois Constitution
How do these words show that the Iroquois were concerned about not just themselves, but also people in the future?
Lived on the Interior Plains between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains
Buffalo = main source of food for Plains Native Americans
Uses of the buffalo Food Clothing/Moccasins Tools Shelter Utensils
Ways To Use the Buffalo
People of the Central Plains (Iowa, Missouri, Sioux, etc.) Lived in the Central Plains or the eastern
parts of the Plains Hunters and gatherers and farmers Lived in lodges (home to several families)
People of the Great Plains (Cheyenne, Kiowa, Crow, etc.) Lived in the Great Plains or western part of
the Plains Moved from place to place to follow herds
of buffalo (NO FARMING) Lived in tepees (homes that could move)
Government Different tribes in the Plains had different
governments No one person was more important than
another Traditions and Religious Beliefs
Shared traditions and beliefs Ceremonies – corn harvest, buffalo hunts,
Sun Dance, etc.
Pueblo People Hopi – present-day Arizona Zuni – present-day New Mexico Groups in the region are called the Pueblo
peoples. Lived on mesas or the sides of steep canyons
Houses = pueblos Grew staple crops – corn, beans, and squash Stored surplus water
Four Corners Nomads
Pueblo houses (pueblos) Used stones and mud Adobe – sun-dried bricks of clay and straw Villages – close together
Navajo houses (hogans) Cone-shaped wooden shelter covered in
mud or adobe Villages – far apart
Held special ceremonies Medicine people – religious leaders and
healers Religious leaders were usually chiefs.
Shoshone Great Basin Hunters
Nez Perce Columbia Plateau Fishermen
Chumash Southern California Fishermen Traders Canoe builders
Trade networks Helped to get goods from far away without traveling far
Northwest Coast or Pacific Northwest Stretches from the Pacific Ocean to the
mountains in the east Includes Oregon, Washington, and western
Canada
Kwakiutl, Makah, and Chinook Fishing, hunting, and gathering Salmon = staple food Whales – important resource
Food Fat for oil lamps
Family Shelters Longhouses – bigger than the Iroquois Clans – included extended families and
made decisions Wood
Dishes, utensils, spoons, etc. Totem poles – tell a story or welcome visitors or traders
Chinook = best-known traders of the Northwest
Dalles Center of trade network Language barrier Bartered
A Potlatch Celebration Shows wealth
Arctic – near the North Pole Aleut and Inuit
Hunted foxes, caribou, and polar bears Hunted seals, walruses, and whales Limited resources – used everything Igloos
Eastern Canada to Alaska Cree
Hunting and gathering Used bows and arrows