the male couple : iconography and semantics / mariangela puglisi

8/20/2019 The male couple : iconography and semantics / Mariangela Puglisi

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE

XIVth INTERNATIONAL NUMISMATIC CONGRESS

GLASGOW 2009

Edited by

Nicholas Holmes

GLASGOW 2011


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All rights reserved byThe International Numismatic Council

ISBN 978-1-907427-17-6

Distributed by Spink & Son Ltd, 69 Southampton Row, London WC1B 4ET

Printed and bound in Malta by Gutenberg Press Ltd.

International Numismatic Council

British Academy


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PROCEEDINGS OF THE

XIV th INTERNATIONAL NUMISMATIC CONGRESS

GLASGOW 2009

I


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PrefaceEditor’s note

Inaugural lecture

‘A foreigner’s view of the coinage of Scotland’, by Nicholas MAYHEW

Antiquity: Greek

I Delfini (distribuzione, associazioni, valenza simbolica), by Pasquale APOLITO

Lessons from a (bronze) die study, by Donald T. ARIEL

Le monete incuse a leggenda Pal-Mol : una verifica della documentazione

disponibile, by Marta BARBATO

Up-to-date survey of the silver coinage of the Nabatean king Aretas IV, by RachelBARKAY

Remarks on monetary circulation in the chora of Olbia Pontica – the case ofKoshary, by Jarosław BODZEK

The ‘colts’ of Corinth revisited: a note on Corinthian drachms from Ravel’sPeriod V, by Lee L. BRICE

Not only art! The period of the ‘signing masters’ and ‘historical iconography’,by Maria CACCAMO CALTABIANO

Les monnaies pr éromaines de BB’T-BAB(B)A de Mauretanie, by LaurentCALLEGARIN & Abdelaziz EL KHAYARI

Mode iconografiche e determinazioni delle cronologie nell’occidente ellenistico,by Benedetto CARROCCIO

La phase postarcha ï que du monnayage de Massalia, by Jean-AlbertCHEVILLON

A new thesis for Siglos and Dareikos, by Nicolas A. CORFÙ

Heroic cults in northern Sicily between numismatics and archaeology, byAntonio CRISÀ

La politica estera tolemaica e l’area del Mar Nero: l’iconografia numismaticacome fonte storica, by Angela D’ARRIGO

1819

23

35

42

48

52

58

67

73

81

89

97

105

114

123

CONTENTS


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CONTENTS2

New light on the Larnaca hoard IGCH 1272, by Anne DESTROOPER-GEORGIADES

The coinage of the Scythian kings in the West Pontic area: iconography, by Dimitar DRAGANOV

The ‘royal archer’ and Apollo in the East: Greco-Persian iconography in theSeleukid Empire, by Kyle ERICKSON & Nicholas L. WRIGHT

ὖ ὰ ῖ ῖ . Retour sur les critères quidéfinissent habituellement les ‘imitations’ Athéniennes, by Chr. FLAMENT

On the gold coinage of ancient Chersonese (46-133 AD), by N.A. FROLOVA

Propaganda on coins of Ptolemaic queens, by Agnieszka FULIŃSKA

Osservazioni sui rinvenimenti di monete dagli scavi archeologici dell’anticaCaulonia, by Giorgia GARGANO

La circulation monétaire à Argos d’apr ès les monnaies de fouille de l’ÉFA(École française d’Athènes), by Catherine GRANDJEAN

Silver denominations and standards of the Bosporan cities, by JeanHOURMOUZIADIS

Seleucid ‘eagles’ from Tyre and Sidon: preliminary results of a die-study, byPanagiotis P. IOSSIF

Archaic Greek coins east of the Tigris: evidence for circulation?, by J. KAGAN

Parion history from coins, by Vedat KELEŞ

Regional mythology: the meanings of satyrs on Greek coins, by Ann-MarieKNOBLAUCH

The chronology of the Hellenistic coins of Thessaloniki, Pella and Amphipolis,by Theodoros KOUREMPANAS

The coinage of Chios during the Hellenistic and early Roman periods, by Constantine LAGOS

Évidence numismatique de l’existence d’Antioche en Troade, by Dincer SavasLENGER

131

140

163

170

178

184

189

199

203

213

230

237

246

251

259

265


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CONTENTS 3

Hallazgo de un conjunto monetal de Gadir en la necr ó polis Feno-Púnica delos cuarteles de Varela, Cádiz, España, by Urbano LÓPEZ RUIZ & Ana Mar í aRUIZ TINOCO

Gold and silver weight standards in fourth-century Cyprus: a resume, by Evangeline MARKOU

Göttliche Herrscherin – herrschende Göttin? Frauenbildnisse auf hellenistischenMünzen, by Katharina MARTIN

Melkart-Herakles y sus distintas advocaciones en la Bética costera, by ElenaMORENO PULIDO

Some remarks concerning the gold coins with the legend ‘ΚΟΣΩΝ’, by LucianMUNTEANU

‘Une monnaie grecque inédite: un triobole d’Argos en Argolide’, by EleniPAPAEFTHYMIOU

The coinage of the Paeonian kings Leon and Dropion, by Eftimija PAVLOVSKA

Le tr ésor des monnaies perses d’or trouvé à Argamum / Orgamé (Jurilovca, dép.de Tulcea, Roumanie), by E. PETAC, G. TALMAŢCHI & V. IONIŢĂ

The imitations of late Thasian tetradrachms: chronology, classification anddating, by Ilya S. PROKOPOV

Moneta e discorso politico: emissioni monetarie in Cirenaica tra il 321 e il 258a.C., by Daniela Bessa PUCCINI

Tesoros sertorianos en España: problemas y nuevas perspectivas, by IsabelRODRÍGUEZ CASANOVA

‘Ninfa’ eponima grande dea? Caratteri e funzioni delle personificazioni cittadine,by Grazia SALAMONE

The coin finds from Hellenistic and Roman Berytas (fourth century BC – thirdcentury AD, by Ziad SAWAYA

Monetazione incusa magnogreca: destinazione e funzioni, by Rosa SCAVINO

Uso della moneta presso gli indigeni della Sicilia centro-meridionale, by LaviniaSOLE

La moneta di Sibari: struttura e metrologia, by Emanuela SPAGNOLI

269

280

285

293

304

310

319

331

337

350

357

365

376

382

393

405


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CONTENTS4

Le stephanophoroi prima delle stephanophoroi, by Marianna SPINELLI

Weight adjustment al marco in antiquity, and the Athenian decadrachm, by CliveSTANNARD

The Magnesian hoard: a preliminary report, by Oğuz TEKIN

Zur Datierung und Deutung der Beizeichen auf Stateren von Górtyn, by Burkhard TRAEGER

Aspetti della circolazione monetaria in area basso adriatica, by AdrianaTRAVAGLINI & Valeria Giulia CAMILLERI

La polisemia di Apollo attraverso il documento monetale, by Maria DanielaTRIFIRÒ

Thraco-Macedonian coins: the evidence from the hoards, by Alexandros R.A.TZAMALIS

The pattern of findspots of coins of Damastion: a clue to its location, by Dubravka UJES MORGAN

The civic bronze coins of the Eleans: some preliminary remarks, by FranckWOJAN

The hoard of Cyzicenes from the settlement of Patraeus (Taman peninsula), by E.V. ZAKHAROV

Antiquity: Roman

The coinage of Diva Faustina I, by Martin BECKMANN

Coin finds from the Dutch province of North-Holland (Noord-Holland).Chronological and geographical distribution and function of Roman coins fromthe Dutch part of Barbaricum, by Paul BELIËN

The key to the Varus defeat: the Roman coin finds from Kalkriese, by FrankBERGER

Monetary circulation in the Bosporan Kingdom in the Roman period c. first -fourth century AD, by Line BJERG

The Roman coin hoards of the second century AD found on the territory of present-day Serbia: the reasons for their burial, by Bojana BORIĆ-BREŠKOVIĆ

417

427

436

441

447

461

473

487

497

500

509

514

527

533

538


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CONTENTS 5

Die Münzpr ägung des Thessalischen Bundes von Marcus Aurelius bis Gallienus(161-268 n. Chr.), by Friedrich BURRER

The denarius in the first century, by K. BUTCHER & M. PONTING

Coinage and coin circulation in Nicopolis of Epirus: a preliminary report, by Dario CALOMINO

La piazza porticata di Egnazia: la documentazione numismatica, by RaffaellaCASSANO, Adriana TRAVAGLINI & Alessandro CRISPINO

Dallo scavo al museo: un ripostiglio monetale di età antonina del IV municipiodi Roma (Italia), by Francesca CECI

I rinvenimenti dal Tevere: la monetazione della Diva Faustina, by AlessiaCHIAPPINI

Analytical evidence for the organization of the Alexandrian mint during theTetrarchy (III-IV centuries AD), by J.M.COMPANA, L. LEÓN-REINA, F.J.FORTES, L.M. CABALÍN, J.J. LASERNA, & M.A.G. ARANDA

L’Oriente Ligoriano: fonti, luoghi, mirabilia, by Arianna D’OTTONE

Le emissioni isiache: quale rapporto con il navigium Isidis?, by Sabrina DEPACE

A centre of aes rude production in southern Etruria : La Castellina

(Civitavecchia, Roma), by Almudena DOMÍNGUEZ-ARRANZ & Jean GRAN-AYMERICH

Perseus and Andromeda in Alexandria: explaining the popularity of the myth inthe culture of the Roman Empire, by Melissa Barden DOWLING

Les fractions du nummus frappées à Rome et à Ostie sous le r ègne de Maxence(306-312 ap. J.C.), by V. DROST

Monuments on the move: architectural coin types and audience targeting in theFlavian and Trajanic periods, by Nathan T. ELKINS

‘The restoration of memory: Minucius and his monument’ by Jane DeRoseEVANS

La circulation monétaire à Lyon de la fondation de la colonie à la mort deSeptime Sévère (43 av. – 211 apr. J.C.): premiers résultats, by Jonas FLUCK

545

557

569

576

580

592

595

605

613

621

629

635

645

657

662


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CONTENTS6

Le monnayage en orichalque romain: apport des expérimentations auxétudes numismatiques, by Arwen GAFFIERO, Arnaud SUSPÈNE, FlorianTÉREYGEOL & Bernard GRATUZE

New coins of pre- and denarial system minted outside Italy, by Paz GARCÍA-BELLIDO

Les bronzes d’Octave à la proue et à la tête de bélier (RPC 533) attribués àToulouse-Tolosa: nouvelles découvertes, by Vincent GENEVIÈVE

Crustumerium, Cisterna Grande (Rome, Italy): textile traces from a Romancoins hoard, by Maria Rita GIULIANI, Ida Anna RAPINESI, Francesco DIGENNARO, Daniela FERRO, Heli ARIMA, Ulla RAJANA & Francesca CECI

Deux médaillons d’Antonin le Pieux du territoire de Pautalia (Thrace), by Valentina GRIGOROVA-GENCHEVA

Mars and Venus on Roman imperial coinage in the time of Marcus Aurelius:iconological considerations with special reference to the emperor’scorrespondence with Marcus Cornelius Fronto, by Jürgen HAMER

The silver coins of Aegeae in the light of Hadrian’s eastern silver coinages, by F.HAYMANN

The coin-images of the later soldier-emperors and the creation of a Romanempire of late antiquity, by Ragnar HEDLUND

Coinage and currency in ancient Pompeii, by Richard HOBBS

Imitations in gold, by Helle W. HORSNÆS

Un geste de Caracalla sur une monnaie frappée à Pergame, by Antony HOSTEIN

New data on monetary circulation in northern Illyricum in the fifth century, by Vujadin IVANIŠEVIĆ & Sonja STAMENKOVIĆ

Die augusteischen Münzmeisterpr ägungen: IIIviri monetales im Spannungsfeldzwischen Republik und Kaiserzeit, by Alexa KÜTER

Imperial representation during the reign of Valentinian III, by Aládar KUUN

The Nome coins: some remarks on the state of research, by Katarzyna LACH

Le monnayage de Brutus et Cassius a pr ès la mort de César, by RaphaëlleLAIGNOUX

668

676

686

696

709

715

720

726

732

742

749

757

765

772

780

785


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CONTENTS 7

L’ultima emissione di Cesare Ottaviano: alcune considerazioni sulle recenti proposte cronologiche, by Fabiana LANNA

Claudius’s issue of silver drachmas in Alexandria: Serapis Anastole, by BarbaraLICHOCKA

La chronologie des émissions monétaires de Claude II: ateliers de Milan etSiscia, by Jérôme MAIRAT

La circulation monétaire à Strasbourg (France) et sur le Rhin supérieur aupremier siècle après J.-C., by Stéphane MARTIN

The double solidus of Magnentius, by Alenka MIŠKEC

A hoard of bronze coins of the third century BC found at Pratica di Mare(Rome), by Maria Cristina MOLINARI

Un conjunto de plomos monetiformes de procendencia hispana de la colecciónantigua del Museo Arqueológico Nacional (Madrid), by Bartolomé MORASERRANO

Monete e ritualitá funeraria in epoca romana imperiale: il sepolcreto dei Fadieni (Ferrara – Italia), by Anna Lina MORELLI

Il database Monete al femminile, by Anna Lina MORELLI & Erica FILIPPINI

La trouvaille monétaire de Bex-Sous-Vent (VD, Suisse): une nouvelle analyse,

by Yves MUHLEMANN

Die Sammlung von Lokalmythen griechischer Städte des Ostens: ein Projekt derKommission f ür alte Geschichte und Epigraphik, by Johannes NOLLÉ

Plomos monetiformes con leyenda ibérica Baitolo, hallados en la ciudad romanade Baetulo (Hispania Tarraconensis), by Pepita PADRÓS MARTÍ, DanielVÁZQUEZ & Francesc ANTEQUERA

I denari serrati della repubblica romana: alcune considerazioni, by AndreaPANCOTTI & Patrizia CALABRIA

Monetary circulation in late antique Rome: a fifth-century context coming fromthe N.E. slope of the Palatine Hill. A preliminary report, by Giacomo PARDINI

Securitas e suoi attributi: lo sviluppo di una iconografia, by Rossella PERA

Could the unof ficial mint called ‘Atelier II’ be identified with the of ficinae ofChâteaubleau (France)?, by Fabien PILON

794

800

809

816

822

828

839

846

856

864

872

878

888

893

901

906


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CONTENTS8

Coin finds from Elaiussa Sebaste (Cilicia Tracheia), by Annalisa POLOSA

El poblamiento romano en el área del Mar Menor (Ager Carthaginensis): unaaproximación a partir de los recientes hallazgos numismáticos, by AlfredoPORRÚA MARTÍNEZ & Elvira NAVARRO SANTA-CRUZ

The presence of local deities on Roman Palestinian coins: reflections oncultural and religious interaction between Romans and local elites, by VagnerCarvalheiro PORTO

The male couple: iconography and semantics, by Mariangela PUGLISI

Countermarks on the Republican and Augustan brass coins in the south-easternAlps, by Andrej RANT

A stone thesaurus with a votive coin deposit found in the sanctuary of Campo

della Fiera, Orvieto (Volsinii), by Samuele RANUCCI

L’image du pouvoir impériale de Trajan et son évolution idéologique: étude desfrappes monétaires aux types d’Hercule, Jupiter et Soleil, by Laurent RICCARDI

The inflow of Roman coins to the east-of-the-Vistula Mazovia ( Mazowsze) andPodlachia ( Podlasie), by Andrzej ROMANOWSKI

Numismatics and archaeology in Rome: the finds from the Basilica Hilariana,by Alessia ROVELLI

Communicating a consecratio: the deification coinage of Faustina I, by ClareROWAN

An alleged hoard of third-century Alexandrian tetradrachms, by Adriano SAVIO& Alessandro CAVAGNA

Some notes on religious embodiments in the coinage of Roman Syria andMesopotamia, by Philipp SCHWINGHAMMER

Roman provincial coins in the money circulation of the south-eastern Alpinearea and western Pannonia, by Andrej ŠEMROV

Recenti rinvenimenti dal Tevere (1): introduzione, by Patrizia SERAFIN

Recenti rinvenimenti dal Tevere (2): la moneta di Vespasiano tra tradizione edinnovazione, by Alessandra SERRA

A hoard of denarii and early Roman Messene, by Kleanthis SIDIROPOULOS

911

916

926

933

941

954

964

973

983

991

999

1004

1013

1019

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CONTENTS 9

La ‘corona radiata’ sui ritratti dei bronzi imperiali alessandrini, by GiovanniMaria STAFFIERI

The iconography of two groups of struck lead from Central Italy and Baetica inthe second and first centuries BC, by Clive STANNARD

Monete della zecca di Frentrum, Larinum e Pallanum, by Napoleone STELLUTI

Personalized victory on coins: the Year of the Four Emperors – Greek imperialissues, by Yannis STOYAS

Les monnaies d’or d’Auguste: l’apport des analyses élémentaires et le problèmede l’atelier de N î mes, by Arnaud SUSPÈNE, Maryse BLET-LEMARQUAND &Michel AMANDRY

The popularity of the enthroned type of Asclepius on Peloponnesian coins of

imperial times, by Christina TSAGKALIA

Gold and silver first tetrarchic issues from the mint of Alexandria, by D. ScottVANHORN

Note sulla circolazione monetaria in Etruria meridionale nel III secolo a.C., byDaniela WILLIAMS

Roman coins from the western part of West Balt territory, by Anna ZAPOLSKA

Antiquity: Celtic

La moneda ibérica del nordeste de la Hispania Citerior : consideraciones sobresu cronologí a y función, by Marta CAMPO

Les bronzes à la gueule de loup du Berry: essai de typochronologie, by PhilippeCHARNOTET

Les imitations de l’obole de Marseille de LTD1/LTD2A (IIe s. / Ier s. av. J.C.)entre les massifs des Alpes et du Jura, by Anne GEISER

Le monnayage à la légende TOGIRIX: une nouvelle approche, by Anne GEISER& Julia GENECHESI

Trading with silver bullion during the third century BC: the hoard of Armuña deTajuña, by Manuel GOZALBES, Gonzalo CORES & Pere Pau RIPOLLÈS

Données expérimentales sur la fabrication de quinaires gaulois fourrés, by Katherine GRUEL, Dominique LACOSTE, Carole FRARESSO, MichelPERNOT & François ALLIER

1037

1045

1056

1067

1073

1082

1092

1103

1115

1135

1142

1148

1155

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CONTENTS10

Pre-Roman coins from Sotin, by Mato ILKIĆ

Les monnaies gauloises trouvées à Paris, by Sté phane MARTIN

Die keltischen Münzen vom Oberleiserberg (Nieder österreich), by Jiři MILITKÝ

New coin finds from the two late Iron Age settlements of Altenburg (Germany)and Rheinau (Switzerland) – a military coin series on the German-Swiss border?,by Michael NICK

Le dépôt monétaire gaulois de Laniscat (Côtes-d’Armor): 547 monnaies de bastitre. Étude préliminaire, by Sylvia NIETO-PELLETIER, Bernard GRATUZE &Gérard AUBIN

Antiquity: general

La moneda en el mundo funerario-ritual de Gadir-Gades, by A. AR ÉVALOGONZÁLEZ

Neues Licht auf eine alte Frage? Die Verwandschaft von Münzen und Gemmen,by Angela BERTHOLD

Tipi del cane e del lupo sulle monete del Mediterraneo antico, by AlessandraBOTTARI

Not all these things are easy to read, much less to understand: new approaches toreading images on ancient coins, by Geraldine CHIMIRRI-RUSSELL

The collection of ancient coins in the Ossoliński National Institute in Lvov(1828-1944), by Adam DEGLER

Preliminary notes on Phoenician and Punic coins kept in the Pushkin Museum,by S. KOVALENKO & L.I. MANFREDI

Greek coins from the National Historical Museum of Rio de Janeiro: SNG project, by Marici Martins MAGALHÃES

La catalogazione delle emissioni di Commodo nel Codice Ligoriano, by RosaMaria NICOLAI

The sacred life of coins: cult fees, sacred law and numismatic evidence, by Isabelle A. PAFFORD

Anton Prokesch-Osten and the Greek coins of the coin collection at theUniversalmuseum Joanneum in Graz, Austria, by Karl PEITLER

1182

1191

1198

1207

1218

1231

1240

1247

1254

1261

1266

1278

1292

1303

1310


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CONTENTS 11

Monete ed anelli: cronologia, tipologie, fruitori, by Claudia PERASSI

Il volume 21 delle Antichit á Romane di Pirro Ligorio ‘Libri delle Medaglie daCesare a Marco Aurelio Commodo’ , by Patrizia SERAFIN

Greek and Roman coins in the collection of the Çorum Museum, by D. ÖzlemYALCIN

Mediaeval and modern western (mediaeval)

The exchanges in the city of London, 1344-1358, by Martin ALLEN

Fribourg en Nuithonie: faciès monétaire d’une petite ville au centre de l’Europe,by Anne-Francine AUBERSON

Die Pegauer Brakteatenpr ägung Abt Siegfrieds von Rekkin (1185-1223):

Kriterien zu deren chronologischer Einordnung, by Jan-Erik BECKER

Die recutting in the eleventh-century Polish coinage, by Mateusz BOGUCKI

Le retour à l’or au treizième siècle: le cas de Montpellier (...1244-1246...), by Marc BOMPAIRE & Pierre-Joan BERNARD

Le monete a leggenda ΠAN e le emissioni arabo-bizantine. I dati dello scavo diAntinoupolis / El Sheikh Abada, by Daniele CASTRIZIO

Scavi di Privernum e Fossanova (Latina, Italia): monete tardoantiche,

medioevale e moderne, by Francesca CECI & Margherita CANCELLIERI

La aportación de los hallazgos monetarios a ‘la crisis del siglo XIV’ en Cataluña,by Maria CLUA I MERCADAL

Norwegian bracteates during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, by Linn EIKJE

Donative pennies in Viking-age Scandinavia?, by Fr édéric ELFVER

Carolingian capitularies as a source for the monetary history of the Frankishempire, by Hubert EMMERIG

Ulf Candidatus, by G. EMSØY

Münzen des Moskauer Grossf ürstentums. Das Geld von Dmitrij IvanowitschDonskoj (1359-1389) (ü ber die Ver öffentlichung der ersten Ausgabe des ‘Korpusder russischen Münzen des 14-15. Jhs.’), by P. GAIDUKOV & I. GRISHIN

1323

1334

1344

1355

1360

1372

1382

1392

1401

1408

1411

1418

1426

1431

1436

1441


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CONTENTS12

Brakteatenpr ägungen in Mähren in der zweiten Hälfte des dreizehntenJahrhunderts, by Dagmar GROSSMANNOVÁ Monetisation in medieval Scandinavia, by Svein H. GULLBEKK

A mancus apparently marked on behalf of King Offa: genuine or fake?, by Wolfgang HAHN

Among farmers and city people: coin use in early medieval Denmark, c. 1000-1250, by Gitte Tarnow INGVARDSON

Was pseudo-Byzantine coinage primarily of municipal origin?, by CharlieKARUKSTIS

Interpreting single finds in medieval England – the secondary lives of coins, byRichard KELLEHER

Byzantine coins from the area of Belarus, by Krystyna LAVYSH & MarcinWOŁOSZYN

Die fr üheste Darstellung des Richters auf einer mittelalterlicher Münze?, by IvarLEIMUS

Coinage and money in the ‘years of insecurity’: the case of late ByzantineChalkidiki (thirteenth - fourteenth century), by Vangelis MALADAKIS

Nota sulla circolazione monetaria tardoantica nel Lazio meridionale: i reperti di

S. Ilario ad bivium, by Flavia MARANI

The money of the First Crusade: the evidence of a new parcel and itsimplications, by Michael MATZKE

Ü berlegungen zum ‘Habsburger Urbar’ als Quelle f ür Währungsgeschichte, by Samuel NUSSBAUM

Schilling Kennisbergisch slages of Grand Master Louis of Ehrlichshausen, by Borys PASZKIEWICZ

Un diner de Jaime I el conquistador en el Mar Menor: evidencias de presenciaaragonesa en el Campo de Cartagena durante la Baja Edad Media, by Alfredo PORRÚA MARTÍNEZ & Alfonso ROBLES FERNÁNDEZ

L’atelier de faux-monnayeur de Rovray (VD, Suisse), by Carine RAEMYTOURNELLE

1452

1458

1464

1470

1477

1492

1500

1509

1517

1535

1542

1552

1557

1564

1570


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CONTENTS 13

La ubicación de las casas de moneda en le Europa medieval. El caso del reino deLeón, by Antonio ROMA VALDÉS

New perspectives on Norwegian Viking-age hoards c. 1000: the Bore hoardrevisited, by Elina SCREEN

The discovery of a hoard of coins dated to the fifth and sixth centuries inKlapavice in the hinterland of ancient Salona, by Tomislav ŠEPAROVIĆ

A model for the analysis of coins lost in Norwegian churches, by Christian J.SIMENSEN

A clippe from Femern, by Jørgen SØMOD

The convergence of coinages in the late medieval Low Countries, by PeterSPUFFORD

A perplexing hoard of Lusignan coins from Polis, Cyprus, by Alan M. STAHL,Gerald POIRIER & Nan YAO

OTTO / ODDO and ADELHEIDA / ATHALHET - onomatological aspectsof German coin types of the tenth and eleventh centuries, by SebastianSTEINBACH

Bulles de plomb et les monnaies en Pologne au XIIe siècle, by StanislawSUCHODOLSKI

Palaeologian coin findings of Kusadasi, Kadikalesi/Anaia and their reflections.by Ceren ÜNAL

The hoard of Tetí n (Czech Republic) in the light of currency conditions inthirteenth-century Bohemia, by Roman ZAORAL & Jiři MILITKÝ

The circulation of foreign coins in Poland in the fifteenth century, by MichalZAWADZKI

Mediaeval and modern Western (modern)

Die neuzeitliche Münzstätte im Schloss Haldenstein bei Chur Gr, Schweiz, by Rahel C. ACKERMANN

The money box system for savings in Amsterdam, 1907-1935, by G.N. BORST

Four ducats coins of Franz Joseph I (1848-1916) of Austria: their use in jewellery and some hitherto unpublished imitations, by Aleksandar N. BRZIC

1580

1591

1597

1605

1614

1620

1625

1633

1640

1649

1664

1671

1679

1687

1693


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CONTENTS14

A king as Hercules in the modern Polish coinage, by Witold GARBAZCEWSKI

The monetary areas in Piedmont during the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries: astarting point for new investigations, by Luca GIANAZZA

Coin hoards in the United States, by John M. KLEEBERG

The transfer of minting techniques to Denmark in the nineteenth century, by Michael MÄRCHER

Patrimonio Numismático Iberoamericano: un proyecto del Museo Arqueológico Nacional, by Carmen MARCOS ALONSO & Paloma OTERO MORÁN

Moneda local durante la guerra civil española: billete emitido por elayuntamiento de San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, by Federico MARTÍNEZPASTOR & Alfredo PORRÚA MARTÍNEZ

Coins and monetary circulation in the Legnica-Brzeg duchy: rudimentary problems, by Robert PIE ŃKOWSKI

Representaciones del café en el acervo de numismática del Museu Paulista -USP , by Angela Maria Gianeze RIBEIRO

Freiburg im Üechtland und die Münzreformen der französischen K önige (1689-1726), by Nicole SCHACHER

La aparición de la marca de valor en la moneda valenciana, ¿1618 o 1640? Una

nueva hipótesis de trabajo, by Juan Antonio SENDRA IBÁÑEZ

Devotion and coin-relics in early modern Italy, by Lucia TRAVAINI

The political context of the origin and the exportation of thaler-coins fromJáchymov (Joachimsthal) in the first half of the sixteenth century, by PetrVOREL

The late sixteenth-century Russian forged kopecks, which were ascribed to theEnglish Muscovy Company, by Serguei ZVEREV

Oriental and African coinages

The meaning of the character寳 bao in the legends of Chinese cash coins, by Vladimir A. BELYAEV & Sergey V. SIDOROVICH

Three unpublished Indo-Sasanian coin hoards, Government Museum, Mathura,by Pratipal BHATIA

1704

1713

1719

1725

1734

1744

1748

1752

1758

1765

1774

1778

1783

1789

1796


19/31

CONTENTS 15

Oriental coins in the Capitoline Museums (Rome): further researches onStanzani Collection history, by Arianna D’OTTONE

The king, the princes and the Raj, by Sanjay GARG

The first evidence of a mint at Miknāsa: two unpublished Almoravid coins, adirham and a dinar, of the year 494H/1100, by Tawfiq IBRAHIM

L’âge d’or de la numismatique en Chine: l’exemple du Catalogue des Monnaies Anciennes de Li Zuoxian, by Lyce JANKOWSKI

Numismatic research in Japan today: coins, paper monies and patterns of usage.Paper money in early modern Japan: economic and folkloristic aspects, by Keiichiro KATO

The gold reform of Ghazan Khan, by Judith KOLBAS

A study of medieval Chinese coins from Karur and Madurai in Tamil Nadu, by KRISHNAMURTHY RAMASUBBAIYER

Latest contributions to the numismatic history of Central Asia (late eighteenth –nineteenth century), by Vladimir NASTICH

Silver fragments of unique Būyid and Ḥamdānid coins and their role in the Kelč hoard (Czech Republic), by Vlastimil NOVÁK

Numismatic evidence for the location of Saray, the capital of the Golden Horde,

by A.V. PACHKALOV

Le regard des voyageurs sur les monnaies africaines du XVI e au XIXe siècles, by Josette RIVALLAIN

Les imitations des dirhems carrés almohades: apport des analyses élémentaires,by A. TEBOULBI, M. BOMPAIRE & M. BLET-LEMARQUAND

À propos du monnayage de Kiến Phúc (1883-1884), by François THIERRY

Glass jetons from Sicily: new find evidence from the excavations at Monte Iato,by Christian WEISS

Medals

Joseph Kowarzik (1860-1911): ein Medailleur der Jahrhundertwende, by Kathleen ADLER

1807

1813

1821

1826

1832

1841

1847

1852

1862

1869

1874

1884

1890

1897

1907


20/31

CONTENTS16

Numismatic memorials of breeding trotting horses (based on the collection ofthe numismatic department of the Hermitage), by L.I. DOBROVOLSKAYA

De retrato a arquetipo: anotaciones sobre la difusión de la efigie de Juan VIIIPaleólogo en la peninsula Ibérica, by Albert ESTRADA-RIUS

Titon du Tillet e le medaglie del Parnasse François, by Paola GIOVETTI

Bedrohung und Schutz der Erde: Positionen zur Umweltproblematik in derdeutschen Medaillenkunst der Gegenwart, by Rainer GRUND

The rediscovery of the oldest private medal collection of the Netherlands, by JanPELSDONK

Twentieth-century British campaign medals: a continuation of the nineteenthcentury?, by Phyllis STODDART and Keith SUGDEN

‘Shines with unblemished honour’: some thoughts on an early nineteenth-century medal, by Tuukka TALVIO

General numismatics

Dall’iconografia delle monete antiche all’ideologia della nazione future. Proiezioni della numismatica grecista di D’Annunzio sulla nuova monetazione

Sabauda, by Giuseppe ALONZO

Didaktisch-methodische Aspekte der Numismatik in der Schule, by Szymon

BERESKA

The Count of Caylus (1692-1765) and the study of ancient coins, by François deCALLATAŸ

Le monete di Lorenzo il Magnifico in un manoscritto di Angelo Poliziano, by Fiorenzo CATALLI

Coinage and mapping, by Thomas FAUCHER

Classicism and coin collections in Brazil, by Maria Beatriz BorbaFLORENZANO

A prosopography of the mint of ficials: the Eligivs database and its evolution, by Luca GIANAZZA

Elementary statistical methods in numismatic metrology, by DagmarGROSSMANNOVÁ & Jan T. STEFAN

1920

1931

1937

1945

1959

1965

1978

1985

1993

1999

2004

2012

2017

2022

2027


21/31

CONTENTS 17

Les collections numismatiques du Musée archéologique de Dijon (France), byJacques MEISSONNIER

Bank of Greece: the numismatic collections, by Eleni PAPAEFTHYMIOU

Foundation of the Hellenic World. A new private collection open to the public,by Eleni PAPAEFTHYMIOU

Re-discovering coins: publication of the numismatic collections in Bulgarianmuseums – a new project, by Evgeni PAUNOV, Ilya PROKOPOV & SvetoslavaFILIPOVA

„Census of Ancient Coins Known in the Renaissance“, by Ulrike PETER

Le sel a servi de moyen d’échange, by J.A. SCHOONHEYT

The international numismatic library situation and the foundation of theInternational Numismatic Libraries’ Network (INLN), by Ans TER WOERDS

The Golden Fleece in Britain, by R.H. THOMPSON

Das Museum August Kestner in Hannover: Neues aus der Münzsammlung, by Simone VOGT

From the electrum to the Euro: a journey into the history of coins. A multimedia presentation by the Bank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation, by Eleni ZAPITI

Highlights from the Museum of the George and Nefeli Giabra PieridesCollection, donated by Clio and Solon Triantafyllides: coins and artefacts, by Eleni ZAPITI & Evangeline MARKOU

Index of Contributors

2036

2044

2046

2047

2058

2072

2082

2089

2100

2102

2112

2118


22/31


23/31

THE MALE COUPLE: ICONOGRAPHY AND SEMANTICS

MARIANGELA PUGLISI

Taking for granted the value of studying coin iconography and the influence, whether direct orindirect, of the political authority on typological choices,1 we examine and interpret the icono-

graphic development of living or historical characters (ancestors or divi), appearing in pairs on one

side of a coin or on both sides as portraits or whole figures.

During the late Republic we see an instrumental use of coin iconography by those who com-

peted for power or wished to promote themselves, inspired by the first personal portrait of a living

figure on a Roman coin,2 Caesar.

Sextus Pompeius appeared to exploit strongly the communicative power of coin iconography,

complying with the consolidated Roman tradition, but manipulating it for his interests, adopting,

for the first time on a coin, an historical double-portrait, daring to transform Janus’s bifrons into

that of his father, Pompeius Magnus.3 His marked self-promotional intentions are reflected even

more in another issue, depicting his own portrait and the heads of his dead father and brother (Pl.I, 1),4 a clear intention of dynastic self-assertion.

Soon after Caesar’s death, there began a sort of competition to ‘appropriate’ his memory also

in the field of coin images. In 43 BC Marcus Antonius5 (Pl. I, 2) - and also Octavianus6 (Pl. I, 3)

- struck aurei and denarii with their own portraits and the dictator’s face in order to highlight a

continuity of intents.

The alternating political relationships between Marc Anthony and Octavian are well reflected

on a series where the two colleagues appear for the first time together (41 BC) (Pl. I, 4)7. The rap-

port between Antonius and Octavianus reaches its climax in an issue (Pl. I, 5),8 where they appear

jugate in front of Octavia, respectively wife and sister, embodying the family relationship uniting

them. The same holds true for another coin, where the two triumvirs are joined in a bifrons (Pl. I,

6).9 Some years later Antonius is also represented with his son,10 destined for possible succession

in his father’s military role, so as to ratify Antonius’s intention publicly.

The peer representation of the triumvirs, as in the triple jugate portrait of Ephesus (Pl. I, 7),11

can be observed in some widespread issues where they are matched in pair between Obv. and Rev.12

Only Antonius13 and Octavianus14 - unlike Lepidus - display their personal relationship with

Caesar as a sort of ‘filiation’. Their self-depiction with him also enforced their role as persecutors

of Caesar’s murderers. On the other hand even Brutus issued some aurei with a double portrait of

himself and his heroic ancestor L. Iunius Brutus,15 the liberator from monarchy and first consul of

the Republic.

The person who most used Caesar’s image to legitimise himself was Octavianus, even when

he was already Augustus. This took place in a climate of iconographic experimentation, withthe aim of expressing abstract concepts corresponding to precise political values: to reaf firm the

1 See Wallace Hadrill 1986.

2 Some historical characters had already been depicted on coins, but

after their death (RRC 433/2; 434/1).

3 RRC 479/1.

4 RRC 511/1*.

5 RRC 488/1*.

6 RRC 490/2*.

7 RRC 517/1a*.

8 RPC I, 1463*.

9 RPC I, 1458*.

10 RRC 541/2.

11 RPC I, 2569*.

12 E.g. RRC 492/2; 495/2a; 517/1a.

13 RRC 488/2.

14 RRC 490/2.

15 RRC 506/1.


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MARIANGELA PUGLISI2

legitimate filiation from Caesar (Pl. I, 8),16 to show his governing style, which was also founded

on the presence of a substitute, someone who could take over in case of necessity, and to state his

expectations of dynastic perpetuation.

The transposition of Augustus’s intentions towards his son-in-law Agrippa to coin typolo-

gies seems systematic in various issues of precious metals struck in a short timespan, as a kind of

publicity campaign aimed at showing the functions shared by the two companions with analogous

or complementary roles. On the denarii of Platorinus (Pl. I, 9),17 Augustus and Agrippa are both

seated on a subsellium, a low seat used by the tribuni plebis, that seems to veil a peer power. The

relationship between them is reflected in Tacitus’s Annales, 18 where Agrippa is mentioned as ‘ so-

cius eius potestatis’ , while the role of the appointed successor is recalled by Flavio Giuseppe who

defines him ‘diadochos Kaisari’.19

We can find a close parallel in a contemporaneous issue with their portraits respectively on the

Obv. and the Rev. with similar features.20 A similar depiction shows them in their of ficial capacity

(Pl. I, 10):21 the former with a corona laurea, the latter with a rostral crown, showing a differentiation

of roles: peers, but distinct, wielding civil and military power. Also in another issue (Pl. I, 11),22 with

a reference to their censoria potestas (28 BC), a pendant with the tribunicia potestas expressed by

the typology of the subsellium, Agrippa and Augustus adopt the same standing position and clothing.It remains to be established whether the aim of these similar representations was to evoke the

Castores and their alternating government, as it would be for the other heirs designated by Augus-

tus, Gaius and Lucius Caesares,23 or to strengthen an idea of a putative filiation achieved thanks to

their family relationship, if we believe Augustus wished to present Agrippa as the one with whom

he would share his power and to whom he would entrust it after his own death.

In the year of Agrippa’s death his exaltation turns into commemoration.24 Agrippa’s celebra-

tion is conspicuous especially in the Roman Provincial coinage (Pl. I, 12)25 through his portrait

conjoined with the figure of Augustus in a sort of duality of power, which harks back to the double

of fice of the Republican consules.

A formal respect for Republican institutions, even if with some typological innovations, is

seen in the representation of the heirs chosen by Augustus, Agrippa’s sons Gaius and Lucius, oftendepicted in the same ways as we saw Augustus and Agrippa earlier. An of ficial presentation of the

heirs seems to be represented in the issue of 13 BC (Pl. I, 13);26 opposite Augustus’s head they

flank the portrait of their mother Julia, the source, as Augustus’s daughter, of legitimisation for her

husband Agrippa who, although absent from this coin, is implicitly evoked as the ‘bearer’ of politi-

cal power from Augustus to his still young children, the one who can ensure legitimate continuity

and act as a guarantee of stability. The two young Caesares, almost always seen as a couple (Pl.

I, 14),27 sometimes combined with Augustus’s head on the Obv. (Pl. II, 15),28 are named consules

designati, as also Agrippa earlier,29 or as principes iuventutis (2-1 BC - AD 11) (Pl. II, 16).30

When Augustus is compelled to choose Tiberius as his Caesar , due to the death of all the other

designated heirs, his position is made of ficial on coins mainly with his portrait opposed to that

16 Back-to-back portrait: RPC I, 515; confronted heads: RRC 534/2*;

statues: RPC I, 1650.

17 RIC I Augustus 406-407*. Puglisi forthcoming I.

18 Ann. 3,56,2.

19 Ant. Iud. 15,350.

20 RIC I, Augustus 408.

21 RIC I, Augustus 409; 414*.

22 RIC I, Augustus 400*.

23 Cass. Dio 55,9,9-10; Tac. Ann. 1,3.

24 Equestrian statue: RIC I, Augustus 412; Augustus crowning a statue of

Agrippa: 415 (Fraschetti 1990, p. 299-312: Agrippa, not Divus Iulius).

25 RPC I, 522-526*; 533; 942; 976; 2008; 2011; 2260.


27 RPC I ,212; 2118; 2428; 2564*; 2696.

28 RPC I, 107; 779; 1136; 2010A*.

29 RRC 234/2.



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THE MALE COUPLE: ICONOGRAPHY AND SEMANTICS 3

of Augustus,31 as the previous Caesares and in the same way as Agrippa Postumus,32 last son of

Agrippa, when he was appointed Caesar . The same scheme reproduces the immediate relation-

ship between the figure of Tiberius once he had become Augustus, and his direct predecessor,

the Divus Augustus,33 renewing the tradition introduced by Antonius and Octavianus towards the

Divus Iulius.

Tiberius uses Augustan schemes to present his heirs, also in this case a couple, ready to take

his place in case of need. Some new typologies appear, such as the two Caesares standing with

spears (Pl. II, 17),34 a more or less veiled reference to the Dioscuri, the inspiration for an idea of

diarchic power. We find also the first appearance of the two Caesar s seated on sellae curules as

peers, being both consules, the emblematic magistracy of Republican regime symbolised in fact

by the presence of the curule chair (Pl. II, 18).35

A sort of programmatic declaration of succession characterises one of the first issues struck by

Vespasianus: he appears on the Obv., while on the Rev. we can see his two sons Titus and Domi-

tianus seated side by side on sellae curules, mentioned in the legend as CAESARES PRINcipes

IVVENtutis,36 to ratify their role as designated heirs.

Common under the Flavians is the adoption of numerous Augustean iconographic schemes or

those derived from Tiberius’s coinage (Pl. II, 19, 20),37

often with a hierarchical differentiation between the two brothers, which reflects a difference of age and perhaps of roles.

If Hadrian was not in time to depict Antoninus Pius with him on his issues, unlike the first

designated Caesar , Aelius,38 Antoninus Pius abundantly used the opportunity offered by the coins

to show, insistently, the choice of the adoption of Marcus Aurelius.39

A peer relationship is expressed by the numerous joint issues in the names of Marcus Aurelius

and Lucius Verus: their double-representation and interchangeability reflects their double govern-

ing role of co-Augusti (Pl. II, 21);40 in a scene of liberalitas both the Emperors are represented

identically on sellae curules, 41 unlike the scene with Antoninus and his hierarchically differenti-

ated Caesar . The dynastic intentions of Marcus Aurelius focused on Commodus42 once a dual

succession became impossible owing to the death of Commodus’s twin and then of their younger

brother Annius Verus.43 Even clearer is the programmatic message of succession conveyed by Severan issues through

various schemes, sometimes derived from the past, in other cases without any forerunners (Pl.

II, 22, 23).44

During the third century various Emperors continue to depict themselves with these codified

schemes as in the scene of liberalitas associating the Augustus with the co-governor or the Caesar

or Caesar s of different proportions to express their different hierarchical roles.45 On the other hand

the two Emperors Diocletianus and Maximianus Herculius, seated on sellae curules or standing

31 RIC I, Augustus 226.

32 RPC I, 1141.

33 RIC I, Tiberius 23.

34 RPC I, 68*.

35 RPC I, 342*; Puglisi 2004.

36 RIC II, Vespasian 23; on sellae curules: BMCRE II, pl 31.9.

37 Portraits: RIC II, Vespasian 283*; jugate: RPC II, 992; togati: RIC II,

Vespasian 331; with spears: 413; horsemen: 292*.

38 RIC II, Hadrian 987.

39 E.g. portraits: RPC Online 5850 II; confronted heads: 2370; togati:

14846; portrait and horseman: 14911; on sellae curules: BMCRE IV, pl. 30.6.

40 E.g. portraits: SNG von Aulock 761; confronted heads: SNG Levante

846; clasping hands: RIC III, M. Aurelius 1282; portrait and horseman: 477.

41 RIC III, M. Aurelius 946.

42 E.g. portraits: RIC III, M. Aurelius 336a; confronted heads: RPC

Online 6417; clasping hands: 14425*; portrait and horseman: 6419.

43 SNG Levante 1018.

44 E.g. the whole family: RIC IV.1, Septimius Severus 181b*; confronted

heads: 252; on sellae curules: 279; three horsemen: 305*.

45 On sellae curules or as portraits: Macrinus and Diadumenianus:

BMCRE V, pl. 80.9; SNG von Aulock 6498; Balbinus, Pupienus and

Gordianus III: BMCRE VI, pl. 43.13; SNG Levante 1117; Philip I and

II: RIC IV.3, Philip I 229; 230; Traianus Decius, Herennius Etruscus

and Hostilianus Caesars: SNG Levante 1497; SNG von Aulock 5112;

Valerianus and Gallienus with Valerianus II: RIC V.1, pl. X.162; SNG von

Aulock 721.


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MARIANGELA PUGLISI4

46 E.g. portraits: RIC VI, pl. 3.146b; Emperors riding: pl. 6.1; on sellae

curules: RIC V.2, pl. XII.15*.

47 RIC V.2, pl. XVIII.12*.

48 RIC VII, pl. 24.70.

49 RIC VII, pl. XVIII.44*. Puglisi forthcoming II.

50 Constantinus II, Constatius II, Constans I: RIC VIII, pl. 15.18A;

Arcadius and Honorius: RIC X, pl. 34.1207*.

51 Dioscuri: RRC 307/1a; Penates: 312/1; kings: 346/1a.

52 SNG Cop. Ptol., 133.

53 Traditionally Roman: RRC 14/1; 28/3; 35/1.

and clasping hands (Pl. II, 24),46 hint at a peer role, as the absence of any differentiation between

them in their joint portraits confirms.

Intentionally ‘conciliatory’ is the unof ficial representation of the usurper Carausius, shown as

a peer jugate with Maximianus and Diocletianus (Pl. II, 25),47 the authorised holders of power.

This is a case of ‘false’ propaganda, depicting a situation not corresponding to reality.

Constantinus uses his own portrait associated on the Rev. with his Caesars with an evident

hierarchic differentiation.48 The self-representation on the sella curulis, of Republican memory,

of the Emperor alone or accompanied by Caesar s or co- Augusti, ceases with Constantinus, as the

Augustus’ s seat changes to become the royal throne (Pl. II, 26),49 once exclusive to deities, and

never used by a living person, since it smacked of autocratic power. This new iconography would

soon also be adopted to express a shared power with one or two heirs (Pl. II, 27).50

Thanks to our diachronic examination of the male couple on Roman coinage, we have identi-

fied some main iconic schemes, clear iconographical topoi, often with variants, but generally em-

bodying different nuances of the Republican idea of duality, that begins with the representation on

the same coin of two portraits, of Antonius and Iulius Caesar or of Octavianus and Iulius Caesar,

also adopted by the triumvirs, two by two, and incisively by Augustus and Agrippa.

The use of the two portraits en pendant on the two sides of a coin soon became established,representing a constant on Roman coins, especially in two cases: either to depict the Emperor and

the Caesar or Caesares, when a couple of successors had been designated, or to show a certain

legitimate descent or to show the Emperor and the Divus, often the ‘progenitor’ Augustus, in a sort

of search of legitimisation from a historical ‘popular’ character of the past, as the Diadochs did

with Alexander’s portrait or the Ptolemies with the first of the dynasty.

Another type of parallel is set up with two jugate heads with a double profile, as in some Re-

publican issues51 on the Ptolemaic model.52

More frequently we find two confronted heads facing each other, a very common type through-

out the Empire, above all to represent the two Caesar s, often conjoined with the Emperor’s head

on the other side of the coin.

The Augustan representation of two heads back to back, used both for Augustus and the Divus Iulius and for Augustus and Agrippa, did not continue afterwards.

Even rarer is the presence of the male bifrons,53 limited, as far as concerns living characters, to

the single case of Octavianus and Antonius.

In the depiction of two characters on the same coin, the choice of a seat seems very important

in representing the idea of power. The prevailing scheme consists of the Caesar s or the Emperor

with the heir or the heirs seated on sellae curules in their role as consules, preferably during cel-

ebrations of liberalitas, acts of generosity to the community, where the characters are depicted

as peers in the same position and with the same pose, to underline their similar role, symbolised

by the curule chairs, in the same manner as the subsellium of Augustus and Agrippa denoted the

equal dignity of their of fice of tribuni plebis, and as the solium represented the autocratic power

assumed by Constantinus for the first time, the throne that soon after would again be extended to

make room for the heirs.

The standing male couples are usually the two Caesar s introduced to the public during public


27/31

THE MALE COUPLE: ICONOGRAPHY AND SEMANTICS 5

ceremonies, as in the case of Gaius and Lucius consules designati, following the example of Au-

gustus and Agrippa togati as censores expressing the idea of duality.

In the codification of the majority of these coin images, a fundamental role was played by

Augustus who, deriving signs and symbols both from the Hellenistic world and from Republican

imagery, readapted them to the new reality of the Principatus, with the consequence that - as we

have ascertained - many of his typological choices became iconographical topoi.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BMCRE = Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum.

BMCRE II = Mattingly, H. (19662), II, London.

BMCRE IV.2 = Mattingly, H. (19682), IV.2, London.

BMCRE V.1 = Carson, R. – Hill, P. (1950), V.1, London.

BMCRE VI = Carson, R. (1962), VI, London.

Fraschetti, A. (20052), Roma e il principe, Roma-Bari.

Puglisi, M. (2004), ‘Origine e tradizione iconica di un’immagine monetale: proposta di struttura-

zione di un lemma. La sella curulis’, in: Travaini, L. / Bolis, A. (eds.), L’immaginario e il potere

nell’iconogra fia monetale, Milano, pp. 55-78.

Puglisi, M. (forthcoming I), ‘Il seggio e l’ideologia “diarchica”. Da Augusto e Agrippa alla fine

dell’Impero’, in: Tyrannis, Basileia, Imperium, Giornate seminariali in onore di Sebastiana N.

Consolo Langher , Messina.

Puglisi, M. (forthcoming II), ‘La semantica del trono. L’età romana: dalla Repubblica al tardo-

Impero’, in: Prea, R. (ed.), Atti del Secondo Incontro Internazionale di Studio del Lexicon Icono- graphicum Numismaticae, Genova.

RIC = Roman Imperial Coinage.

RIC I2 = Sutherland, C. (19842), I, London.

RIC II = Mattingly, H. / Sydenham, E. (1962), II, London.

RIC III2 = Mattingly, H. / Sydenham, E. (19972), III, London.

RIC IV.1 = Mattingly, H. / Sydenham, E. (1962), IV.1, London.

RIC IV.3 = Mattingly, H. / Sydenham, E. / C. Sutherland (1949), IV.3, London.

RIC V = Mattingly, H. / Sydenham, E. / Webb, P. (1962), V.1-2, London.

RIC VI = Sutherland, C. / Carson, R. (1967), VI, London.

RIC VII = Sutherland, C. / Carson, R. (1966), VII, London.

RIC VIII = Sutherland, C. / Carson, R. (1981), VIII, London.


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MARIANGELA PUGLISI6

RIC X = Carson, R. / Kent, J. / Burnett, A. (1994), X, London.

RPC = Roman Provincial Coinage.

RPC I = Burnett, A. / Amandry, M. / Ripolles, P.P. (1992), I, London-Paris.

RPC II = Burnett, A. / Amandry, M. / Carradice, I. (1999), II, London-Paris.

RPC Online = http://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/

RRC = Crawford, M. (1974), Roman Republican Coinage, I-II, Cambridge.

SNG Cop. Ptol. = SNG Copenhagen. The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals. Danish National

Museum. The Ptolemies, Munskgaard-Copenhagen 1977.

SNG Levante = SNG Switzerland I. Levante-Cilicia, Berne 1986.

SNG von Aulock = SNG Berlin. Sammlung Hans von Aulock , Berlin 1957-1986.

Wallace Hadrill A. (1986), ‘Image and authority in the coinage of Augustus’, JRS 76, pp. 66-87.


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PLATE I

1. 2.

3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8.

10.

9. 11.

13.12. 14.

NB. The bibliographical references to the illustrations appear marked by an asterisk in the footnotes.

The coins are not shown at their actual size, in order to highlight the iconographic details.


30/31


31/31

Plate II

15.16. 17.

19.

18. 20.

22.

21. 23.

24. 25. 26. 27.

NB. The bibliographical references to the illustrations appear marked by an asterisk in the footnotes.

The coins are not shown at their actual size, in order to highlight the iconographic details.

the male couple : iconography and semantics / mariangela puglisi

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