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The MILO Space Science Institute2019 Interplanetary Cubesat Workshop

Lindsay Wolff

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The MILO Institute is a non-profit research collaborative led by

Arizona State University, with support from Lockheed Martin

and GEOshare, a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin.

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3The MILO Space Science Institute is transforming space science

through a shared cost model and global collaboration

Accelerated ScienceOur ambitious agenda fosters rapid technology development and timely access to compelling, decadal quality, science data.

Affordable AccessThe Institute uses a consortium model to bring members together to fund an entire mission, each paying a fraction of the total cost

Return on InvestmentWorkforce development with hands-on projects, technology demonstrations, and advancement of scientific discoveries. Helping train the next generation of scientists and engineers.

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Overview

• Using a dedicated launch, send a cluster of propulsive cubesat/smallsat-class

spacecraft into a heliocentric orbit to perform close flyby characterization of a

diverse set of Near Earth Objects (NEOs)

• Spacecraft will individually fly by a different target body, encountering up to 9

different asteroid targets in total, in a single mission

Timing

• Target launch date of 2023/2024, reaching the first asteroid just a few months

later, with full mission operations lasting 3 to 5 years

Contribution

• Members will deliver qualified payloads, instruments, spacecraft to the institute

for final check-out, integration, launch and operations

First Mission, NEOshare

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Why NEOs?

• Nearly 20,100 near-Earth objects (NEOs) have known orbital characteristics

• About 10% of them are characterized as Potentially Hazardous Objects (PHOs)

• approach within ~20 Earth-Moon distances

• Some have undergone additional characterization

• 5 have been visited by robotic missions (Eros, Itokawa, Toutatis, Ryugu, and Bennu)

Studying NEOs up close can help inform our knowledge of the origins of our solar

system, planetary defense, and in-situ resource utilization

Using reasonable spacecraft assumptions there are:

• 100+ Near Earth Asteroids in reach to consider

• 20 Near Earth Comets in reach to consider

Diverse Sample Set

• We plan to select targets that vary greatly in size, orbit, and, type

NEOshare Scientific Return

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NEOshare Science Objectives & Traceability

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Decadal Survey Questions NEOshare Objective Observables Instrument Performance

Example Targets

What were the initial stages, conditions, and processes of solar system formation?

Characterize surface composition and identify meteorite analogs

Spectral properties

• Multi-color (400-900 nm)

• spectral (700-2500 nm) mapping

• detect compounds with ≥ 5% absorption band depth

• 2003SD220• 2001 CC21

What governed the accretion, supply of water and what roles did bombardment play in the formation of inner planets?

Detect surface distribution of volatiles on NEOs

Map the distribution of craters on the surface of NEOs

Spectral properties, limb imaging

Surface geology and texture

• Multi-color (400-900 nm)

• Spectral mapping spectral range (2500-4000 nm

• Panchromatic limb observations with ≥ 10 m/pix resolution

• 2003SD220• 2001 CC21

Mission Trajectory Example – Known Asteroids

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AsteroidName

EncounterDate

Encounter Velocity(km/s)

2002 KL6 6 Aug 2023 8.4

2001 QQ142 30 Oct 2023 8.1

2008 EV5 3 Nov 2023 8.8

2003 UC20 20 Jan 2024 4.8

Zephyr 6 Jun 2024 9.4

2001 CC21 4 Sep 2024 6.58

2002 NV16 30 Sep 2024 9.1

2006 WB 10 Oct 2024 10.4

2003 SD220 28 Jan 2025 7.7

Encounter CONOPS

1. Simple, low-activity operations during cruise prior to encounter

2. Periodic system check-outs and status

3. Observe target several hours before closest approach

4. Science observations

5. Refine ephemeris

6. Update flyby timing based on point-source observations

7. Conduct flyby observations

8. Data downlink after flyby observations end

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NEOshare Spacecraft Requirements

Spacecraft Architecture: • 6 cubesat/smallsat class spacecraft will be attached

to an dispenser ring for launch• Each spacecraft will independently maneuver to

predetermined NEO target(s)

Spacecraft Requirements: • Communications: S/X-band • Radiation: ~10 krad• Mass: total wet mass < 180 kg• Volume: 6U to 27U form factor• Min/max sun range: 0.97/ 1.6 AU• Max Earth range: 1.5 AU• Power: solar, up to 60 W• Propulsion systems

• Smaller systems ~ 100 m/s ∆V capability• Larger systems ~ 1,000 m/s ∆V capability

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Scalable Participation

Membership fees are tiered to meet

your desired participation:• Hardware contribution

• Full system

• Partial system

• Access to deep space mission

infrastructure:• Launch

• Operations

• Systems Engineering

• Mission Assurance

• Mission or ground segment contribution

• Access to data without hardware

contribution

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Entire spacecraft

Science instrument or

spacecraft subsystem

Mission or ground

segment contribution

Access to:

Science data

Education and workforce

development

*Representative participation,

scalability is mission-dependent

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SPACECRAFT

LAUNCH

• Dedicated Launch to Heliocentric Orbit

• Insurance

MISSION OPERATIONS

• Mission Ops Center

• Post Launch Support

• Spacecraft Ops

• Navigation

• Ground

• Communications

• Data • Bus

• Propulsion

• Science Instruments

• Integration and Test

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

& MISSION ASSURANCE

Where Does Your Membership Fee Go?

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PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

• Program Operations

• Science and Principle Investigators

• Independent Reviews

• Institute

ASU Legacy: Space Exploration since 1995

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13Lockheed Martin Developing For NASALockheed Martin Operating For NASARetired

Lockheed Martin Legacy

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The MILO Space Science Institute

Thank you

For more information contact miloinstitute@asu.eduor visit our web site, miloinstitute.org

Lindsay Wolff: Lindsay.wolff@lmco.com

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