THE MOST EXCITING FEATURES OF PHP 7.1

by Senior Software Engineer

, a Rogue Wave Company (USA)

, Verona, 12th May

Enrico Zimuel

Zend

PHPDay 2017

ABOUT MEDeveloper since 1996Senior Software Engineer at

, a CompanyCore team of and

and international speakerResearch Programmer at

Co-founder of (Italy)

Zend Rogue WaveApigility ZF

TEDx

Amsterdam UniversityPUG Torino

PHP 7.17.1.0 released (01 Dec 2016)Latest is 7.1.5 (11 May 2017)

7.1 BY NUMBERS376 bug �xes12 new features13 new functions36 new global constants20 backward incompatible changes2 deprecated features16 changed functions7 other changes

NEW FEATURES

NULLABLE TYPESFor parameters and return valuesPre�xing the type name with a ?NULL can be passed as an argument, or returned as a value

EXAMPLEfunction hi(?string $name): ?string { if (null === $name) { return null; } return 'Hello ' . $name; }

echo hi(null); // returns null echo hi('Enrico'); // returns 'Hello Enrico' echo hi(); // Fatal error: Too few arguments to function hi(), 0 passed

OOP EXAMPLEinterface Fooable { function foo(): ?Fooable; }interface StrictFooable extends Fooable { function foo(): Fooable; // valid }

interface Fooable { function foo(): Fooable; }interface LooseFooable extends Fooable { function foo(): ?Fooable; // invalid }

OOP EXAMPLE (2)interface Fooable { function foo(Fooable $f); }interface LooseFoo extends Fooable { function foo(?Fooable $f); // valid }

interface Fooable { function foo(?Fooable $f); }interface StrictFoo extends Fooable { function foo(Fooable $f); // invalid }

VOID RETURN TYPEfunction swap(&$left, &$right): void { if ($left === $right) { return; } $tmp = $left; $left = $right; $right = $tmp;}

$a = 1;$b = 2;var_dump(swap($a, $b), $a, $b); // null, int(2), int(1)

ARRAY DESTRUCTURING$data = [ ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']];[$a, $b] = $data[0];var_dump($a, $b); // string(3) "foo", string(3) "bar" [$a, , $c] = $data[0];var_dump($a, $c); // string(3) "foo", string(3) "baz" foreach ($data as [$a, $b, $c]) { var_dump($a, $b, $c); // string(3) "foo" // string(3) "bar" // string(3) "baz" }

SUPPORT FOR KEYSSpecify keys in list(), or its new shorthand [] syntax$data = [ 'a' => 'foo', 'b' => 'bar', 'c' => 'baz'];list('a' => $a, 'b' => $b, 'c' => $c) = $data;var_dump($a, $b, $c); // string(3) "foo" // string(3) "bar" // string(3) "baz" ['a' => $a, 'b' => $b, 'c' => $c] = $data;var_dump($a, $b, $c); // string(3) "foo" // string(3) "bar" // string(3) "baz"

NO MIX LIST() AND [ ]// Not allowed list([$a, $b], [$c, $d]) = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]; [list($a, $b), list($c, $d)] = [[1, 2], [3, 4]];

// Allowed list(list($a, $b), list($c, $d)) = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]; [[$a, $b], [$c, $d]] = [[1, 2], [3, 4]];

ITERABLEAdded the iterable pseudo-typeIt accepts array or TraversableCan be used in parameter and return types

EXAMPLEfunction foo(iterable $iterable): void { foreach ($iterable as $value) { var_dump($value); }}

foo([1,2,3]);foo(new ArrayIterator([1,2,3]));

CLASS CONST VISIBILITYclass ConstDemo { const PUBLIC_CONST_A = 1; // default to public

public const PUBLIC_CONST_B = 2; protected const PROTECTED_CONST = 3; private const PRIVATE_CONST = 4; }

USING REFLECTION$obj = new ReflectionClass("ConstDemo"); foreach ($obj->getReflectionConstants() as $const) { var_dump($const); // object(ReflectionClassConstant) var_dump($const->getName()); var_dump($const->getValue()); var_dump($const->isPublic()); var_dump($const->isPrivate()); var_dump($const->isProtected()); }

Re�ectionClassConstant is not documented (BUG )#74261

MULTIPLE CATCH {}try { // Some code... } catch (ExceptionType1 $e) { // Code to handle the exception } catch (ExceptionType2 $e) { // Same code to handle the exception } catch (Exception $e) { // ...}

try { // Some code... } catch (ExceptionType1 | ExceptionType2 $e) { // Code to handle the exception } catch (\Exception $e) { // ...}

NEGATIVE STRING OFFSETSvar_dump("abcdef"[-2]); // string(1) "e" var_dump("abcdef"[-7]); // string(0) "", PHP Notice offset // strpos var_dump(strpos("aabbcc", "b", -3)); // int(3)

// get the last character of a string $last = substr($foo, -1); // before PHP 7.1 $last = $foo[-1];

ASYNC SIGNAL HANDLINGpcntl_async_signals() has been introduced to enable

asynchronous signal handling without using tickspcntl_async_signals(true); // turn on async signals pcntl_signal(SIGHUP, function($sig) { echo "SIGHUP\n"; });posix_kill(posix_getpid(), SIGHUP);

CLOSURE FROM CALLABLEclass Test{ public function exposeFunction() { return Closure::fromCallable([$this, 'privateFunction']); }

private function privateFunction($param) { var_dump($param); }}

$privFunc = (new Test)->exposeFunction(); var_dump($privFunc); // object(Closure) $privFunc('some value'); // string(10) "some value"

OPENSSL AEADAuthenticated Encrypt with Associated Data (AEAD)

Support GCM and CCM encryption modes

GCM is 3x faster than CCM. See this benchmarkMore info on Authenticated Encryption in PHP 7.1

OPENSSL_ENCRYPT()string openssl_encrypt( string $data, string $method, string $password, [ int $options = 0 ], [ string $iv = "" ], [ string &$tag = NULL ], [ string $aad = "" ], [ int $tag_length = 16 ] )

$tag contains the authentication hash

OPENSSL_DECRYPT()string openssl_decrypt( string $data, string $method, string $password, [ int $options = 0 ], [ string $iv = "" ], [ string $tag = "" ], [ string $aad = "" ] )

$tag is the authentication hash

ENCRYPT EXAMPLE$algo = 'aes-256-gcm'; $iv = random_bytes(openssl_cipher_iv_length( $algo)); $key = random_bytes(32); // 256 bit $data = random_bytes(1024); // 1 Kb of random data $ciphertext = openssl_encrypt( $data, $algo, $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv, $tag);// output is $ciphertext and $tag

$tag is the authentication hash

DECRYPT EXAMPLE$decrypt = openssl_decrypt( $ciphertext, $algo, $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv, $tag);if (false === $decrypt) { throw new Exception(sprintf( "OpenSSL error: %s", openssl_error_string() ));}printf ("Decryption %s\n", $data === $decrypt ? 'Ok' : 'Failed');

$tag is the authentication hash

HTTP/2 SERVER PUSHServer push has been added to CURL 7.46+Use curl_multi_setopt() function with the newCURLMOPT_PUSHFUNCTION constantAdded CURL_PUSH_OK and CURL_PUSH_DENY toapprove or deny the callback execution

EXAMPLE$transfers = 1; $callback = function($parent_ch, $pushed_ch, array $headers) use (&$transfers) { $transfers++; return CURL_PUSH_OK; };$mh = curl_multi_init(); curl_multi_setopt($mh, CURLMOPT_PIPELINING, CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX); curl_multi_setopt($mh, CURLMOPT_PUSHFUNCTION, $callback);

$ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://localhost:8080/index.html" ); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION, 3); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0); // self-signed cert curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0); // self-signed cert curl_multi_add_handle($mh, $ch);

EXAMPLE (2)$active = null;do { $status = curl_multi_exec($mh, $active); do { $info = curl_multi_info_read($mh); if (false !== $info && $info['msg'] == CURLMSG_DONE) { $handle = $info['handle']; if ($handle !== null) { $transfers--; // decrement remaining requests $body = curl_multi_getcontent($info['handle']); curl_multi_remove_handle( $mh, $handle); curl_close($handle); } } } while ($info);} while ($transfers); curl_multi_close($mh);

NEW HASH FUNCTIONSAdded hash_hkdf() function to support HKDF ( )RFC 5869

$key = random_bytes(32); $salt = random_bytes(16);

$encryptKey = hash_hkdf('sha256', $key, 32, 'encrypt', $salt); $authKey = hash_hkdf('sha256', $key, 32, 'auth', $salt);

var_dump($encryptKey !== $authKey); // bool(true)

Added SHA3 support (224, 256, 384, and 512)$hash = hash('sha3-224', 'This is a text'); var_dump($hash); // string(56)"9209f5869ad03ac11549902b3c83fe8e6b7e1cd1614ab4291587db43"

TO SUMMARIZENullable and void return typesArray destructuringIterableClass CONST visibilityMultiple catch {}Async signal handlingClosure from callableOpenSSL AEADHTTP/2 Server PushNew hash functions

THANKS!Rate this talk at https://joind.in/talk/935fc

Contact me: enrico.zimuel [at] roguewave.com

Follow me: @ezimuel

This work is licensed under a .

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