the muscular system and methods of movement functions movement protection body form heat production
TRANSCRIPT
The Muscular System and Methods of Movement
• Functions• Movement
• Protection
• Body Form
• Heat production
Muscle Cells
Cardiac• Heart Muscle• Involuntary
Smooth• Intestinal Muscle• Involuntary
Skeletal• Bone Muscle• Voluntary
Skeletal Muscle Tissue*Muscle tissue is bundled into fibers*Muscle fibers separate into individual
fibers or cells• Cells are broken down into
myofibrils• Myofibrils are divided into
sarcomeres• Sarcomeres are made of myosin
and actin• Actin Fibers move toward each
other as the “oars” of the myosin fiber contract, shortening the length of the sarcomere and entire muscle
• The entire sarcomere contractions• All sarcomeres contract in unison
How muscles move bone
• Muscles generally work in pairs– Flexors and Extensors
• When one contracts the other relaxes
• Muscle are anchored to bone by tendons
• As the muscle shortens it moves the bone it is attached to
Muscle Injuries
• Muscle Strain
Inflamed muscle group or tear in muscle tissue
*Muscle Cramp
When muscles do not relax
Muscle Facts• Muscles cells are multinucleated
• You are born with the same number of muscles cells you will have your entire life
• At maximum effort - only using 30% of your muscle strength
• If all your muscle could be pooled together they could move a mass equal to 50,000 pounds
• Strength depends on size of cell not number of cells
• Muscle mass = 45% of your bodies weight
• Muscle weighs more then fat
Methods of Movement (Bacteria)
• Some bacteria have flagella
• Flagella are not made of muscle
• They are composed of filaments that move back and forth based on polar attraction
Methods of Movement (Protozoan)
• Protozoan can move by flagella
• Cilia
• Pseudopodia
Fungus
• Movement is through growth
• Spores are carried by the wind
Plant Movement
• There is no muscle tissue
• Passing water from cell to cells allows slow movement
• Fast movement is done by rapid change of cell size
• Plants also move by growth
Arthropods/Crustaceans/Mollusk
• Muscle is similar in function
• Structure is different• Very little fat• Muscle is anchored to
exoskeleton• Muscle Contraction
causes movement of limbs
A tube foot, an extension of the water vascular system of a starfish. This is not muscular. (star fish, echinoderm)
Bird Muscle
• Dark meat has more myoglibin, a special tissue that provides oxygen to the cells
• White meat has less• Dark meat is usually
associated with areas of more strenuous activity like the legs and wings