the nearby supernova factory - institute of nuclear...
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The Nearby Supernova Factory
Universität
Matthias KerschhagglPhysikalisches Institut
Universitaet Bonn
For the Nearby Supernova Factory
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Contents
● Cosmology with SN Ia
● The Nearby Supernova Factory
● Spectro-photometry
● SNF Results
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Contents
● Cosmology with SN Ia
● The Nearby Supernova Factory
● Spectro-photometry
● SNF Results
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● Core collapse vs thermonuclear
● Spectroscopic classification
● Great diversity in core collapse
SNe (mass)
● SN Ia – spectroscopic
homogeneity
Supernova Classification
● Single Degenerate (SD) model:
* White dwarf accreting matter from
companion
* reaches Chandrasekhar mass (1.4 Msun
)
→ thermonuclear explosion
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SN Ia as Standard Candles
Established standard candles:
● Bright Mb ~ -19.5
● Standardizable empirically
broader - brighter (stretch)
bluer - brighter (color)
Color
Stretch
Credit: NASA/CXC/Rutgers/J.Hughes et al.
SN 1006.
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SN Ia as Standard Candles
Established standard candles:
● Bright Mb ~ -19.5
● Standardizable empirically
broader - brighter (stretch)
bluer - brighter (color)
Credit: NASA/CXC/Rutgers/J.Hughes et al.
SN 1006.
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Courtesy R. Pereira
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Courtesy R. Pereira
Distant SNe measure cosmic expansion w.r.t. nearby SNe
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Courtesy R. Pereira
Nearby SNe constrain absolute luminosity
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Precision Cosmology with SN IaMany sources of cosmological information, e.g.
● Baryon Acoustic Oscillations BAO
● Cosmic Microwave Background CMB
● SN Ia standard candles
BAO+CMB+SN Ia → ΩM= 0.279+0.017-0.016, ω = -0.997+0.077-0.082
(Amanullah et al. 2010)
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Contents
● Cosmology with SN Ia
● The Nearby Supernova Factory
● Spectro-photometry
● SNF Results
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The Nearby SNfactory
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SNF Science Objectives
● Make SN Ia standard candles even better
● Determine zero point of HD with unprecedented
accuracy
● Investigate SN Ia physics such as progenitors,
environments, explosion models, dust etc.
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UH 2.2m
Supernova Integral Field Spectrograph (SNIFS)
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15x15 spaxels =
225 spectra
6”x6” FOV0.4”/spaxel
9.4'x9.4' FOV
0.14”/pix
3D Datacube
λ
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Contents
● Cosmology with SN Ia
● The Nearby Supernova Factory
● Spectro-photometry
● SNF Results
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Spectro-photometry
Time
Spectral time series:
● ~15 observations per target
● First spectrum typically at τ = -4 d
Spectral and Flux features:
● Full 4D (t,x,y,λ) spectral
information
● Integration over any filter
bandpass → Lightcurve
mag + constmag + const
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Spectro-photometry
Time
Spectral and Flux features:
● Full 4D (t,x,y,λ) spectral
information
● Integration over any filter
bandpass → Lightcurve
mag + const
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Contents
● Cosmology with SN Ia
● The Nearby Supernova Factory
● Spectro-photometry
● SNF Results
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SNfactory Others Total
SN ~620 ~70 ~690
SN Ia ~400 ~50 ~450
Follow-up ~150 ~40 ~190
The SNF Dataset
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SNfactory Others Total
SN ~620 ~70 ~690
SN Ia ~400 ~50 ~450
Follow-up ~150 ~40 ~190
The SNF Dataset
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Making the best standard candles even better
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Classical Correction
Classic Corrections● Color: bluer → brighter
● Shape: broader → brighter
● Result: 0.4 mag → 0.16 mag
Bailey et al.A&A 500, L17-L20 (2009)
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Classic Corrections● Color: bluer → brighter
● Shape: broader → brighter
● Result: 0.4 mag → 0.16 mag
Bailey et al.A&A 500, L17-L20 (2009)
Classical Correction
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Using Spectral Metrics
Courtesy S.Bailey
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Correlated flux ratiosFlux Ratio Correlation● R
x/y = F
x/F
y
● Identify ratio with max correlation to HD residuals● Search in training sample → check with validation sample● Result: 0.16 mag→ 0.13
mag
Bailey et al.A&A 500, L17-L20 (2009)
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Flux Ratio Correlation● R
x/y = F
x/F
y
● Identify ratio with max correlation to HD residuals● Search in training sample → check with validation sample● Result: 0.16 mag→ 0.13
mag
Bailey et al.A&A 500, L17-L20 (2009)
Correlated flux ratios
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Bailey et al.A&A 500, L17-L20 (2009)
Correlated flux ratiosFlux Ratio Correlation● R
x/y = F
x/F
y
● Identify ratio with max correlation to HD residuals● Search in training sample → check with validation sample● Result: 0.16 mag→ 0.13
mag
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Bailey et al.A&A 500, L17-L20 (2009)
Correlated flux ratiosFlux Ratio Correlation● R
x/y = F
x/F
y
● Identify ratio with max correlation to HD residuals● Search in training sample → check with validation sample● Result: 0.16 mag→ 0.13
mag
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(1/3 of data)
Hubble Diagram
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SN Ia physics Super ChandrasekharSN2007if
Super Chandrasekhar SN
SN2007if:
● Single degenerate (SD)
→ SD M=MCh
● double degenerate (DD) model
→ DD M>MCh
R. A. Scalzo et al. 2010, ApJ
● Exploit spectral information for progenitor mass models
● SN2007if: M = 2.4 +- 0.2 MSun
Chandra Multimedia
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Conclusions● ~190 nearby spectro-photometric SN Ia:
* Invaluable spectral dataset
* Improved statistical power and systematics control
* Allowing for unprecedented accuracy for HD zero point
● New and robuster standardization methods:
* Flux correlation ratios
● New insights into SN Ia physics:
* e.g. Super Chandrasekhar
SN 2007if
● Preparations for SNF phase II