the new immigrants - 14.1

8/3/2019 The New Immigrants - 14.1

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THE NEWIMMIGRANTS

Chapter 14.1


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Old Immigrants

Old Immigrants

Protestant

Northern Europeans (German, Irish, English, etc)

Old immigrants came with entire families tosettle in the US.

Spoke English and had skills (most of the

time)


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Old Immigrants

Irish Catholic Immigrants

Initially faced discrimination

Irish spoke English which helped

German Immigrants

Good reputation of their Protestant counterpartshelped them become accepted.


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New Immigrants

New Immigrants

Southern and Eastern Europeans

Became the majority of immigrants into America

until the beginning of WWI. (up to 70 percent oftotal)


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Push\Pull Factors

Push Factors (reasons for wanting to leavehome country.)

Famine

War

Poverty

Largest group of political refugees were

Russian and East European Jews who fledreligious persecution.


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Push\Pull Factors

Pull Factors (reasons for wanting to move to a newcountry)

Economic Opportunity

Plentiful, cheap land

1862 Homestead Act gave free land to settlers inexchange for agreeing to work the land for a period of time.

Religious freedom

Chain Immigrants those who joined family orfriends already settled in America.


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The Immigrant Experience

Long Journey

Families brought only the bare essentials neededto start a new life.

Trip Across the AtlanticMost immigrants traveled in steerage the worst

accommodations on the ship.

No private rooms

Dirty and crowded


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Asian Immigration

While European immigrants were arriving atEllis Island, Asian immigrants were arriving atAngel Island in San Francisco, California.

It was harder to gain entry to the US at AngelIsland than at Ellis Island.


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Asian Immigration

Chinese Exclusion ActChinese immigrants wereturned away unless they

could prove they werecitizens or had relativesliving in America.


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Opportunities and Challenges

Most immigrants stayed in cities; close toindustrial jobs in factories.

They lived in ethnic neighborhoods, called

ghettoes with others who shared:Native language

Religion

Culture


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Cities began to have huge immigrantpopulations.

Chicago and San Francisco 40 percent of the

city was made up of immigrants.New York City 4 out of 5 New Yorkers were

foreign-born or had foreign-born parents.

Americanization helping immigrants learnEnglish and adopt American dress and diet.

Immigrants helped one another through fraternalorganizations.

Polish National Alliance, etc


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NYC Immigrant PopulationToday


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NYC Immigrant PopulationToday


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Melting Pot (past)

White people of alldifferent nationalities

blended to create a singleculture.

This idea excluded non-European immigrants


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Salad Bowl (today) The salad bowl concept

suggests that the integration ofthe many different cultures ofUnited States residentscombine like a salad, asopposed to the more prolificnotion of a cultural melting pot.

Many immigrants retainedtheir cultural heritage.Catholic immigrants

established schools and

churches.


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Nativism

A belief that native-born white Americans weresuperior to immigrants.

Panic of 1896 and other economic conditionscreated job shortages which encouragedresentment towards immigrants. Why?

Religious Intolerance

WASP White Anglo Saxon Protestants Protestants were very suspicious of Catholics and Jews.


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Immigrants Change America

Immigration fueled industrial growth

Acquired citizenship

Elected politicians

Made their traditions part of American culture

Examples?


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Immigrants Change America

Mexican Americans

Developed effective ranching techniques in theSouthwest.

Chinese, Irish, and Mexican AmericansBuilt the transcontinental railroad

Immigrant women worked in mills, factories,

and homes as staff.


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God Bless America IrvingBerlin

While the storm clouds gather far across the sea,Let us swear allegiance to a land that's free.Let us all be grateful for a land so fair,

As we raise our voices in a solemn prayer:God bless America, land that I love,Stand beside her and guide herThrough the night with a light from above.From the mountains, to the prairies,To the oceans white with foam,God bless America,My home sweet home.

the new immigrants - 14.1

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