the pennsylvania state university · web viewanother option for a class a fire is to use a...

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSSeveral parties deserve recognition for their advocacy of fire safety at wood pallet manufacturing and recycling facilities, as well as their contributions to the development of this code compliance manual. The NWPCA Fire Code Task Group, a subgroup of the Standards Committee, provided specific input relating to established industry practices that are now codified in this document. In addition, several companies volunteered to offer materials to use as a basis for the examples that appear in Section 3.

NWPCA would also like to recognize members of the fire code community who contributed to the development of this document, as well the fire codes on outdoor pallet storage at wood pallet manufacturing and recycling facilities:

Bill Koffel, Koffel Associates, Inc.Garret Scheetz, Koffel Associates, Inc. Robert Davidson, Davidson Code Concepts

CONTACTNational Wooden Pallet & Container Association1421 Prince Street, Suite 340Alexandria, VA 22314Tel: 703-519-6104 [email protected] | PalletCentral.com

mailto:[email protected]

DISCLAIMERWhile compiled with care, the information provided in this code compliance manual is intended to provide useful information to readers: this information is not intended to replace your own individual counsel with other professionals. NWPCA does not certify such information, nor does it guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or efficacy of such information and all content in this manual is provided "AS IS." Use of such information is voluntary, and reliance on it should only be undertaken after an independent review of its accuracy, completeness, efficacy, and timeliness. The entire risk as to the results and the performance of the information is assumed by the reader, and in no event shall NWPCA, the authors, or their employees, agents, or affiliates be liable for any damages suffered in the course of using the information provided.

NWPCA Fire Code Compliance Manual for Outdoor Storage of Wood Pallets | Version 1.0 (December 2017)

3

EXAMPLES

This section contains examples of components of the fire code.

The information provided in this code compliance manual is of a general nature and cannot substitute for professional advice. Never disregard professional advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read in this manual. NWPCA does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, products, procedures, opinions, or other information that may be mentioned in this manual.

The examples provided are suggested approaches to work toward compliance only and should not be considered standards to be followed verbatim. Although NWPCA strives to present only current and accurate information, the information provided herein is not subject to any warranty, either express or implied and individuals should not rely on this information or consider it to be any form of professional advice. Any individual(s) or entity that accesses the information (the “Users”) are advised that techniques, practices, and laws governing the fire code and other aspects of the pallet industry vary from state to state and jurisdiction to jurisdiction. NWPCA hereby disclaims any responsibility for the consequences of any action(s) of or failure to take action by any User as a result of using the examples provided, and Users hereby agree not to take action against, or seek to hold, or hold liable, NWPCA for the User’s use of the examples and information provided. As used herein, “NWPCA” shall be defined to include NWPCA’S directors, officers, employees, volunteers, members, and agents.


4SITE PLAN

Site Plan


5SITE PLAN

“The detail required for site plans can vary jurisdiction by jurisdiction. At a minimum, site plans should be neat, accurate and the areas depicted close to scale in relationship to each other. In some states, any time a code or regulation calls for a plan submittal it must be prepared by a registered design professional. Where the state might not require a registered design professional, the AHJ might have authority to require the use of one. The best option is to check with the AHJ where your facility is located as to the detail the AHJ desires and whom may prepare the plan.

The best starting point is an existing site plan if one exists. Sources would include the initial site plan when the business was established on the site, or when building additions or other improvements were made to the site. If you don’t have a copy in your files the design professionals or contractors utilized might have copies. Other sources would be the local building, planning or zoning departments that were involved in the application and approval process construction permitted activities to occur.

If you cannot obtain a copy of an existing site plan and the use of a design profession all is not required for the final submitted document, a cost-effective way to obtain a base site plan to work from is to employ the services of a land surveyor firm and have a survey of your property prepared. This has the added benefit of providing accurate lot line locations, distances to buildings, etc., for your use to accurately lay out the areas and items needed to comply with the fire code requirements.”

An example of a properly formatted site plan is provided on the following page.


6SITE PLAN


7FIRE PREVENTION PLAN

Fire Prevention Plan



“Company Name”

Record of Review:

Date Reviewed By Comments

_____________ _____________________

_______________________________

_____________ _____________________

_______________________________

_____________ _____________________

_______________________________

_____________ _____________________

_______________________________

_____________ _____________________ _______________________________

Record of Amendments:

Date Reviewed By Comments

_____________ _____________________

_______________________________

_____________ _____________________

_______________________________

_____________ _____________________

_______________________________

_____________ _____________________

_______________________________


PROGRAM ANNUAL REVIEW FOR FIRE PREVENTION PLAN


“Company Name”

The Program Administrator is responsible for the successful implementation of this Fire Prevention Plan.

I have acknowledged my responsibility for this Fire Prevention Plan and I am committed to enforcing its policies.

_____________________________________________________ Printed Name_____________________________________________________ ______________________Printed Name Date



TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Fire Prevention Policy x2.0 Introduction & Purpose x3.0 Responsibilities

x3.1 Program Administrator x3.2 Managers and Supervisors x3.3 Employees x

4.0 Housekeeping and Safe Work Practices x5.0 Training x6.0 Maintenance x7.0 Elements of a Fire -The Fire Tetrahedron x8.0 Controlling Fire Hazards x

8. 1 Fire Extinguisher Classes x8.2 Additional Fire Concerns x8.3 Using a Fire Extinguisher x

9.0 Appendices x



1.0 Fire Prevention Policy

It is the policy of _____________ that everyone should benefit from a safe and healthy work environment. We are committed to maintaining an injury-free and illness-free workplace, and to complying with applicable laws and regulations governing workplace safety.

To achieve this goal, we have instituted and administer a comprehensive and continuous Fire Prevention Plan for all employees. The health and safety of the individual employee, whether in the field, shop or office, takes precedence over all other concerns. The goals of management include preventing accidents, reducing personal injury, occupational illness, and complying with all safety and health standards.

2.0 Introduction & Purpose

Because the most efficient way to deal with unwanted fires is to prevent them, “Company Name” is committed to minimizing the threat of fire in order to prevent injuries, and the loss of life or property. Therefore, this written Fire Prevention Plan (FPP) has been established. It provides information and guidelines that assist in recognizing, reporting, and controlling fire hazards.

A copy of the written plan is available to employees and/or applicable inspectors upon request from the Program Administrator. The Program Administrator has signed a documentcommitting to the management of this program.

This Fire Prevention Plan serves to reduce the risk of fires in the following ways:

Identifies materials that are potential fire hazards and their proper handling and storage procedures

Distinguishes potential ignition sources and the proper control procedures of those materials

Describes fire protection equipment and/or systems used to control fire hazards

Identifies persons responsible for maintaining the equipment and systems installed to prevent or control the ignition of fires

Identifies persons responsible for the control and accumulation of flammable or combustible material

Describes "good" housekeeping procedures necessary to ensure the control of accumulated flammable and combustible waste material and residues to avoid a fire emergency

Provides training to employees with regard to fire hazards to which they may be exposed



3.0 Responsibilities

3.1 Program Administrator

The Program Administrator ensures that fire control equipment and systems are properly maintained and tested, and also controls fuel source hazards. The Program Administrator or his/her designee develops and administers the fire prevention training program.

Duties of the Program Administrator will be performed by:

The Program Administrator or his/her designee annually reviews the Fire Prevention Plan and makes appropriate documented changes or revisions whenever:

there are revisions in the regulations a change in facility design, construction, or operation occurs a change is recommended by an outside authority

The Program Administrator also:

identifies and evaluates potential fire hazards and sources of ignition, including but not limited to activities such as welding, smoking, hot surfaces, and storage of flammable materials

establishes and/or reviews control procedures to include fire protection equipment as needed and to ensure that a sufficient number of extinguishers are at the location

ensures compliance with the work practices and procedures specified i n this plan

ensures that employees receive training on this program and that the training is up-to-date and documented

establishes a schedule for regular fire safety inspections ensures that records of training, fire protection inspections including those

performed by the local fire department, and corrective measures as necessary, are properly maintained as required by this plan and by the Injury and Illness Prevention Program

identifies individuals that are responsible for maintenance of equipment and systems installed to prevent or control ignition or fires, including systems at sites under construction, alteration, remodeling, or demolition

identifies individuals within our Company who are responsible for the control of accumulation of flammable or combustible waste materials



3.1 Managers and Supervisors

Managers and Supervisors are responsible for determining fire prevention and protection policies. Management provides adequate controls to ensure a safe workplace as well as to provide adequate resources and employee training to encourage fire prevention and the safest possible response i n the event of a fire emergency.

3.2 Employees

At “Company Name” it is the responsibility of all employees to ensure fire safety and for adhering to company policy regarding fire emergencies.

In addition, all employees are responsible for:

practicing "good" housekeeping habits attending required training operating safely to limit the risk of fire immediately report ng potential fire hazards to a Supervisor, Manager,

Program Administrator, or member of the Safety Committee

Any questions regarding the program should be directed to the Program Administrator.

Employees who follow safe and healthy work practices have this fact recognized and documented in their performance reviews. Employees who are unaware of correct safety and health procedures are trained or retrained. Willful violations of safe work practices result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment in accordance with company policy.



4.0 Housekeeping and Safe Work Practices

Establishing good housekeeping and safe work practices are essential to avoid unwanted fires and are practiced by all employees on a consistent basis. To limit the risk of fires, employees exercise the following precautions:

Practice "good" housekeeping techniques every day Minimize the existence and storage of combustible materials Dispose of combustible waste in covered, airtight, metal containers Use and store any flammable materials in well ventilated areas away from

ignition sources Use only nonflammable cleaning products Keep incompatible substances separated from one another Perform hot work in controlled and well ventilated areas Ensure that hot work permits are secured before any hot work is begun Turn off electrical equipment when not in use Maintain tools and equipment in working order and ensure that they are

kept free of dust, oil, grease, and dirt Report any gas or oil leak immediately Immediately repair and clean up any flammable liquid leaks Keep work areas, restrooms, lunch facilities, and locker rooms free of dust,

lint, sawdust, scraps, paper, or similar material Do not use extension cords as permanent wiring Do not overload circuits Use spark resistant tools Smoke only in designated smoking areas and extinguish all smoking

material in the fire safe receptacles that are provided Regularly inspect work areas and promptly remove and properly dispose of

accumulations of combustible materials Employees ensure that the aisles and work spaces remain clear and free of

flammable or combustible trash Suitable clearances are maintained below sprinkler heads for storage (where

applicable) Access to electrical switches and controls remain clear There is no excessive accumulation of paper, rags, sweepings, or debris Exits, fire door closures, and electrical panels remain unobstructed and in

good working order



5.0 TrainingThis Fire Prevention Plan is reviewed with each employee (full-time, part-time and temporary) upon initial assignment and annually thereafter.

This review includes, at a minimum, the topics listed below:

The nature and classes of fire Responsibilities for fire prevention as outlined in this plan Potential fire hazards (materials, processes) to which the employee may be exposed Proper methods for controlling fire hazards Location, care and proper use of portable fire extinguishers Training of all employees in Fire Prevention Plan occurs during the following times: When the program is first developed When the program is modified When employee responsibilities change On the specifics for each jobsite

All training is documented in accordance with “Company Name” 's Injury and Illness Prevention Program.



6.0 Maintenance

Fire safety inspections are conducted on a regular basis as determined by the Program Administrator or his/her designated representative.

The inspection addresses potential fire hazards. The inspections verify that the fire hazards and ignition sources are properly controlled as required by this Plan. If corrective actions are required, they are documented. The fire safety inspection is documented.



7.0 Elements of a Fire

Your FIRST response in a fire is to set off the alarm (if there is one) and then toCALL 911

Never assume that this is going to be done by someone else. Even for a small fire that has been controlled, 91 1 should be notified as the Fire Department would rather arrive after the fire has been controlled instead of after it is out of control.

The second response is to leave the area if the fire is too large to handle; remembering that a fire can double i n size every 30 seconds! To deal with a small fire, know which class of fire it belongs (Type A, B, C or D). Classes are discussed further in the next section. Using the wrong type of extinguisher, or using one improperly, could result in additional property damage or injury.

There are three essential elements of a fire which are known as the "Fire Triangle".

Fuel – Fuel can be paper wood, oil, solvents, gas, chemicals, etc. Heat - Heat or an ignition source such as a lighted match, static electricity, or other flame. I n some situations internal combustion can cause a fire where there is no "spark". Oxygen - Oxygen helps a fire "breathe." Normally at least 15% of the surrounding air must be made up of oxygen in order for a fire to continue to burn. The greater the concentration of oxygen, the brighter the blaze, the more rapid the combustion. Chemical Chain Reaction - All previous elements must be present along with a chemical chain reaction for a Fire to occur.

If any one of these elements is removed, the fire can no longer continue to burn. A fire can be extinguished by:

ISOLATING Fuel controlCOOLING Temperature and heatSMOTHERING Control Oxygen controlINTERRUPTING In certain types of fires this method can be used to stop a

chemical chain reaction that is helping the fire to burn



8.0 Controlling Fire Hazards

This section serves to address the major workplace fire hazards and ignition sources at the facility and the procedures for controlling these hazards. Commonly occurring fire hazards include static electricity, flammable and combustible materials, smoking, torches, welding, sparks, and electrical systems.

“Company Name” has fully evaluated the workplace and has identified the potential fire hazards and ignition sources, if any. Also identified are the control measures used to minimize these fire hazards.

KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DEALING WITH!8.1 Fire Extinguisher Classes

In general, there are four different classifications of fires. Knowing which kind of fire that you are dealing with will aid you in choosing the right type of fire extinguisher and the correct method for fighting the fire.

The most common fire extinguisher used by establishments is designated a class ABC fire extinguisher. Fire extinguishers with ABC classification eliminate much of the confusion as to which type of extinguisher should be used because they are effective on three different types of fires, A, B and C.

Class A:A Class A Fire consists of general combust ibles such as wood, cloth, paper, or rubbish and is usually controlled by cooling, for instance by using water to cool the material.

When fighting a Class A fire, get as close to the fire as possible without endangering yourself, and aim the nozzle of the water hose or nozzle of an ABC Fire Extinguisher toward the base of the flames. Continue spraying until all smoldering material is wet down. Deep-seated fires, such as those that occur in baled materials, must be thoroughly soaked and may need to be pulled apart to reach smoldering matter inside.

Another option for a Class A fire is to use a multipurpose dry-chemical extinguisher. With this type of extinguisher begin about 8 - 10 feet away from the fire, start at the edge of the fire and spray in a sweeping motion moving closer as the flames begin to dim inish. The powdered chemical in the extinguisher becomes sticky when heated, allowing it to form a film that clings to the heated material and smothers the fire.



Prevention of Class A Fires:

Dispose of waste daily Store rags in metal bins with self-closing lids Ensure that combustibles are stored away from ignition sources such

as hot plates, soldering irons, or other heat or spark producing devices

Store paper in metal cabinets Keep work areas clean and free of fuel paths that could allow a fire to

spread Do not order excessive amounts of combustibles

Class B:A Class B Fire burns flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, grease, solvents, or paint. For this type of a fire, a dry chemical extinguisher usually an ABC type extinguisher is ideal.

To fight a Class B fire, start about I 0 feet away from the fire and slowly begin to move closer. As you move toward the fire use a sweeping motion to apply the chemical across the fire's base.

Carbon dioxide extinguishers can also be used for Class B fires. However, they should only be used when you are able to stand near the edge of the fire and spray at close range in an area with no wind or drafts. Fires can spread with the presence of oxygen, but the carbon dioxide decreases the amount of oxygen surrounding the fire until the air can no longer support the combustion. Use of an ABC extinguisher can be very effective also.

Flammable and Combustible L iquids :Only approved containers and portable tanks are used for flammable and combustible liquids. Storage in excess of 25 gallons of flammable liquids or 60 gallons of Class III liquids are stored in cabinets complying with the requirements of NFPA 30. Not more than 25 gallons of flammable liquids is stored in safety cans outside of a flammable liquids storage room or storage cabinet.

Important Note About Combustibles: Combustible materials and fumes from paint, solvents, and other flammable substances are responsible for many fires in the work place. Fumes can reach out a considerable distance and become ignited by a furnace, stove, electrical equipment, or even a lighted cigarette.

Areas where flammable or combustible liquids are transferred in quantities of 5 gallons or greater, at one time, are separated by a distance of 25 feet or a one-hour-rated fire wall from other operations.



Prevention of Class B Fires: Bonding and ground ng practices are employed during dispensing of

flammable liquids Flammable liquids are kept in closed containers when not actively in use Flammable liquids are used only i n areas where there are no flames or

other sources of ignition Use only approved pumps, taking suction from the top to dispense liquids Ensure that containers containing flammable liquids are properly grounded Store, handle, and use Class B combustibles only in approved locations

where vapors are prevented from reaching ignition sources Do not use a flammable liquid as a cleaning agent Do not use, handle, or store Class B combustibles near exits, stairs, or

any other areas normally used as exits Do not weld, cut, grind, or use unsafe electrical appliances or

equipment near Class B combustibles Do not generate heat, allow an open flame, or smoke near Class B

combustibles

Propane - is a substance that could spark or ignite a Class B fire during refueling of propane tanks on forklifts. It is heavier than air and tends to float around the lower part of the body. It is also considered a cryogenic; meaning that in its liquid form it is usually about 45 degrees below zero which can cause frostbite. It is colorless and odorless. The following practices should be followed for prevention of a propane fire.

There is NO SMOKING or flame of any kind allowed while operating a forklift

There is NO SMOKING or flame during refueling or tank exchange for a forklift propane tank

Forklifts are grounded to a grounding cable during the refueling process (if there is no tank exchange program i n place)

There is no use of cellular telephones or other electronic devices while operating or refueling a forklift

Personal protective equipment is worn during the handling of propane (gauntlet gloves, safety goggles, and a face shield)

Class C:

A Class C Fire is the third type of fire. This type of fire involves fires that occur in energized electrical equipment, electrical system failures, misuse of electrical equipment, loose ground connections, frayed wiring insulation, and overloaded fuses, circuits, motors, or outlets. In a Class C fire, water cannot be used because it conducts electricity and can deliver a shock to the firefighter. If the equipment can be de-energized, extinguishers for Class A, B or C fires may be safely used. Otherwise, carbon dioxide and dry chemical extinguishers, that smother the fire, are best.

Prevention of Class C Fires:



Ensure that worn wires are replaced Use only appropriately rated fuses Never use extension cords as permanent wiring or as ropes and ensure

that they are not placed under carpets Use only approved extension cords (UL - Underwriters Laboratory

or FM - Factory Mutual) Inspect wiring in hazardous locations where the risk of fire is especially

high Utilize portable ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCI) Inspect electrical equipment to ensure that it is properly grounded or

double insulated Use non-sparking tools in locations where the risk of fire is high Ensure adequate spacing while performing maintenance Use water proof covers to protect electric motors during any cleaning

or sanitation process Ensure that portable electric heaters are equipped with tip-over

protection that automatically shuts off the unit when it is tipped over. Maintain adequate clearance between the heater and combustible furnishings or other materials at all times.

Avoid overloading circuits and surge protectors Empty trash and paper that is set aside for recycling so that it is

not allowed to accumulate Prohibit lighted candles, incense, or other "'decorative" fires

Class D:A Class D fire is one that involves combustible metals such as magnesium, lithium, potassium, or sodium. If water is used on this type of fire, it will cause the metal to release hydrogen and a large amount of heat, causing the hydrogen to ignite and explode. This type of fire is rare unless a Company is involved in manufacturing or processing these types of products. Some Class D fires burn at such high temperatures, that they can burn under water.

Therefore, a Class ABC Fire Extinguisher cannot be used on this type of fire.

For this type of fire, special dry-compound powders, such as powdered graphite and sodium chloride, powdered talc, soda ash, and limestone are used



8.2 Additional Fire Concerns

Cutting, Welding, Brazing, Grinding, and Open Flame Work - which could spark or ignite an unwanted fire during the performance of such tasks.

Ensure that all such work is performed only by trained, authorized personnel

Whenever possible move the item needing repair to the applicable designated area such as a ventilated welding booth

If the item cannot be moved, perform the work only after all precautions as outlined in the Company's Hot Work Permit Program have been followed including engaging a fire watch

Provide adequate ventilation Use only torches, regulators, pressure-reducing valves, and manifolds

that are UL or FM approved Do not allow cutting or welding in sprinklered areas while sprinkler

protection is deactivated or out of service Do not allow cutting or welding where there is danger of explosive

atmospheric gases, vapors, or dust, i n a confined space, or on metal structures constructed of combustible sandwich-type panel construction or having combustible covering

Smoking -unwanted fires from smoldering smoking material or from the spark or heat which could ignite property or vapors or gases.

Only smoke in the designated smoking areas located outside the buildingAlways extinguish smoking material i n the fire resistant receptacles provided

8.3 Using a Fi re Extinguisher

Fire extinguishers are inspected internally on a monthly basis and the inspection noted on the back of the tag on the extinguisher. This inspection can be performed during regular safety inspections and takes only a few seconds to complete. These items are checked during inspection:

Is the hose cracked or chipped? Is the hose tightly screwed into the extinguisher outlet? Is there a sign marking the location of the extinguisher? Is the pin in tact or has it been removed? Does the arrow in the gage register in the "green" area indicating that it

is charged and ready for use?



Fire extinguishers are inspected and serviced annually by a licensed commercial fire inspection company. The technician documents the inspection/service on the tag via hole punching on the tag which indicates the date of the inspection/service.

The contents in an average sized fire extinguisher lasts only about 40 seconds. Therefore, an extinguisher should only be used on small incipient fires. To use the extinguisher, remember the acronym "PASS".

P Pull the pin

A Aim the hose at the base of the fire

S Squeeze the handle

S Sweep - use a sweeping motion as the contents discharge from the canister



9.1 Append ices

Appendix A -Fire Prevention Employee Training Form



FIRE PREVENTION EMPLOYEE TRAINING FORM

Business Name:

“Company Name”

Employee's Name:

Job Description: Training Date: Trained by:

Statistics about the damage, destruction, injuries, and death caused by fires Review of the fire hazards in the workplace (scrap packaging material,

propane, nitrogen, and argon, electrical) Safety tips for preventing fires in the workplace Overview and location of the written Fire Prevention Plan The three elements necessary for a fire The four classes of fires The procedure for handling a fire in the workplace including evacuation

and activating the alarm system Types of fire extinguishers and how to use them When maintenance and inspection of fire extinguishers and sprinkler

system occurs Mock demonstration on the proper use of portable fire extinguishers

I hereby certify that I have received the above-mentioned training.

Employee:

Date:


26HOT WORKS PROGRAM

1.1 Hot Works Program and Permit


27HOT WORKS PROGRAM

HOT WORK WRITTEN PROGRAM

Purpose The purpose of this program is to establish safe procedures for conducting Hot Work tasks. It includes, but is not limited to: brazing, cutting, grinding, soldering, thawing pipe, torch-applied roofing and welding. Hot work is defined as: Hot work is any process that can be a source of ignition when flammable material is present or can be a fire hazard regardless of the presence of flammable material in the workplace.

Scope This program applies to all employees and outside contractors who are authorized and approved by Plant Management to conduct Hot Work operations.

Responsibility Safety and Training Manager Develop a formal written program pertaining to Hot Work; communicate the policy to authorized employees; and assist in interpretation of the program. The Safety and Health Coordinator (or comparable position) will also perform periodic inspections to ensure compliance with the program. Plant/Production ManagersFire Safety Supervisors may be the Plant Manager / supervisor or other safety designee. Their responsibilities in the area of Hot Work are to ensure that fire safety precautions have been met before authorizing Hot Work, including the designation of a fire watch. This includes work being performed by outside contractors. The Fire Safety Supervisor(s) will also be responsible for reviewing the proper completion of the Hot Work Permit and conducting periodic inspections to ensure compliance.

Authorized Employees An authorized employee is defined as the individual that actually conducts the Hot Work procedure. This is typically your maintenance person. The authorized employee will be responsible for understanding all facets of this program as explained by management. If the authorized employee does not understand any element of this program, work must be delayed until all elements are fully understood. The authorized employee must conduct the work in the authorized time frame listed on the Hot Work Permit. All required precautions must be double-checked prior to, and during, the actual Hot Work.

Fire Watch The fire watch is responsible for working alongside of the employee who performs the Hot Work. The fire watch maintains a constant vigil during the Hot Work for stray sparks, ignition or other fire hazards. The fire watch must be trained in the use of a


28HOT WORKS PROGRAM

fire extinguisher and how to activate the alarm in the event of a fire. The watch should remain in the area for a period of two hours to watch for smoldering fires.

Outside Contractors Outside contractors must have a full understanding of Insert Company Name here. Hot Work Policy and comply with all facets of the program. We also need to make sure they are insured, and licensed for the work they are doing. Remember – Ultimately, we are responsible for EVERYONE on our property and their Safety.

Procedure A. First the Plant Manager considers if the Hot Work is necessary, the Plant

Manager should then confirm the permit checklist of precautions have been taken. The following elements are identified on the permit:

1. The location and nature of the Hot Work. 2. Identification of the person or contractor who is performing the work. 3. Insert an expiration date and time (not beyond one work shift). 4. Emergency notification section completed.

B. After the permit is completed accurately the Plant Manager signs and issues the permit.

C. The employee or contractor hangs the permit in a visible place in the work area.

D. While the Hot Work proceeds, the fire watch maintains a constant vigil for stray sparks, ignition or other fire hazards, and is ready to provide initial fire response.

E. Once the work is complete, the fire watch conducts a careful inspection of the work area and adjacent areas for smoldering fires. The inspection includes floors above and below the work area and adjacent rooms. The fire watch then signs the permit and leaves it posted.

F. The Hot Work area should be monitored for an additional three hours. This does not

need to involve the fire watch. G. When the monitoring period is ended, the Plant Manager or a designee

conducts a final inspection of the area and signs the permit. The permit is removed and retained in the production office until its deemed time for a record purge.

Fire Safety Precautions

Since a Plant Manager authorizes Hot Work only when specific fire safety precautions are taken, these precautions should be built into the permit system.


29HOT WORKS PROGRAM

A. ___-ft. rule. The area surrounding the work should be cleared entirely of fire hazards.

B. Floors should be swept clean. Grease and oils should be cleaned up and removed,not simply soaked up with oil dry. Floors of combustible material (e.g. plank on steel,

woodblock) are covered with fire-resistant or noncombustible material. C. Flammable liquids like paints, oils, and lacquers are removed from the area, not

just sealed. D. Combustibles that cannot be moved are protected with fire-resistant material or

metal shields. This includes storage or machinery with grease or lint deposits. E. Explosive atmospheres are eliminated or Hot Work is not permitted. Processes that produce explosive atmospheres are halted and the area is monitored for

accumulation of combustible gasses continuously before, during, and after Hot Work. F. All wall and floor openings are covered. Floor openings are plugged with

noncombustible caulk. Ductwork and duct openings are sealed with metal covers built for the vent, or covered with fire-resistant material. G. All doors and fire doors are closed to prevent sparks from escaping. H. Automatic sprinkler protection must be in service and fully operational. I. Hot Work equipment is in good repair. Damaged or leaking hoses or hose

attachments are of particular concern on torch cutting and welding equipment.

Disciplinary Action Any employee not following this procedure, or deviating from it without approval from management, will be subject to disciplinary action as deemed necessary by Plant Management.

HOT WORK PERMIT


30HOT WORKS PROGRAM

Permit Valid for One Day Only - Post a Copy* at Site of Hot Work OperationsIncludes welding, use of cutting torch, grinding, or any operations producing heat, sparks, or open flame.Final inspection is made 2-hours after the completion of hot work to detect and extinguish possible smoldering fires. The inspector should be alert for circumstances that can require an extension of the final inspection interval. Management, the Permit Authorizing Individual (PAI), or the operator can extend the duration of the fire watch based on fire hazards or work being performed. An additional check, 2-hours after completion is required.

Completed by:___________________________________________ Date: ________ Time: ________Crew:________________________________________________________________Bldg./ Area:__________________________________________________________Description of Work:__________________________________________________Anticipated Start Time:____________________ Anticipated End Time: _____________________

Unusual Conditions:__________________________________________________ Confined Space Close Quarters Potentially Hazardous Environment Work on Flammable or Combustible

Containers (Follow NFPA 326)Other ____________________________________Fire Watch Assigned: Yes NoName of Fire Watch:_________________________________________________Post-Shift Fire Watch: Yes NoName of Post-Shift Fire Watch or Reasons Why None Assigned:____________________________Outside Contractor: Yes N/AContracts and Insurance Certificates obtained:____________________________________________ Yes No Hot Work Procedures have been explained to Contractor’s Rep. and will be followed:

Signed: _______________________________________ __________________________________________(Contractor’s authorized representative) (Contractor’s firm)

When above is complete, submit permit to Plant Manager for approval, before starting work.Time Work Start: _________ Completed: __________Performed by: _______________________________________________________

FINAL CHECK OF HOT WORK AREA MADE AT: (time & date) ________________________(normally 1/2 hour after hot work)PERFORMED BY:_______________________________*Post a copy of this Permit at the start of Hot Work, for the entire duration of the work. Bright color copy paper is recommended, to make the site evident.


31HOT WORKS PROGRAM

Completed by Plant Manager, who is the Permit Authorizing Individual (PAI). PAI must inspect the work area prior to approving Hot Work, inspect at least once each day while the hot work permit is performed to ensure that it is a fire safe area, and make a final check. The PAI should personally see that the following fire precautions are in place.

Cutting and welding equipment in good repair........................................…….. YesFire extinguishers readily available at the work site....................................... YesWater hose or 5-gallon pail(s) of water are readily accessible at the work site..............................................................................................

YesSprinklers are in service....................................................................................

Yes N/AFloor has been swept clear of combustibles within ___ feet of Hot Work…... YesCombustible floors and materials within ____ feet ofHot Work are wet down or otherwise protected………………………………………….…..

Yes N/AAll combustible or flammable liquids within ____ feet removed……………..….…

Yes N/ACombustibles and hydraulic lines are protected with covers, guards,welding blankets, welding pads or metal shields…......................................... Yes N/AAll wall and floor openings, including conveyor openings,within __ feet of operations are covered with noncombustible material….…. Yes N/APads or protection beneath work to collect sparks.......................................... Yes N/APartitions, walls, ceilings or roof in proximity of hot workverified as not containing combustible covering,exposed foam, sandwiched foam or combustibles……………………………………....

Yes N/ACombustibles moved away from opposite side of wallon which Hot Work is performed.................................................................... Yes N/AEnclosed tanks, ducts, dust collectors, other containers subjectto Hot Work have been cleaned of all combustibles...................................... Yes N/AContainers purged of all flammable or combustiblevapors per NFPA 326 and tested................................................................... Yes N/AConfined Space Permit program also implemented..................................... Yes N/AFire watch will be provided during Hot Work and for 2 hours thereafter….. Yes N/AFire watch trained in the use of extinguishing equipment, fire alarm system, and procedures for notifying emergency respons......... Yes

THE LOCATION CITED HAS BEEN INSPECTED, THE NECESSARYPRECAUTIONS TAKEN AND PERMISSION IS GRANTED FOR THIS WORK.(PAI responsible for cutting and welding authorization)

Signed: _________________________________________________ Time:___________


32HOT WORKS PROGRAM

*Post a copy of this Permit at the start of Hot Work, for the entire duration of the work. Bright color copy paper is recommended, to make the site evident.


33PALLET STORAGE

Pallet Storage Checklist


34PALLET STORAGE

For facility under International Code Council (ICC) jurisdiction following the International Fire Code (IFC)

Pallet Storage Safety Rules Yes NoIs the storage outdoor lower than 20 feet high?Is the space between piles and property lines greater than or equal to 0.75 times the pile height? Is the space between piles and important buildings greater than or equal to 0.75 times the pile height? Are "not smoking signs" throughout all idle pallet storage?Are fire lanes visible (where applicable)?All fire hydrants have a blue dot reflector (where applicable)?All fire extinguishers properly marked (where applicable)?Storage area sufficiently organized and clear of debris?


Observations:

35PALLET STORAGE

For facility under National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) jurisdiction following NFPA1

Pallet Storage Safety Rules Yes NoIs the storage outdoor lower than 20 feet high?Is the space between piles and property lines greater than or equal to 0.75 times the pile height? Is the space between piles and important buildings greater than or equal to 0.75 times the pile height? Are "not smoking signs" throughout all idle pallet storage?Are fire lanes present?Are fire lanes visible (where applicable)?If fire lanes are adjacent to pile storage, is the maximum distance from the pile edge to mid-point restricted to 50 feet from the fire lane?If fire lanes are not adjacent to pile storage, is the maximum distance from the pile edge to mid-point restricted to 30 feet?Where fire lanes are not adjacent to pile storage, is there a minimum of 8 feet between piles?All fire hydrants have a blue dot reflector (where applicable)?All fire extinguishers properly marked (where applicable)?Storage area sufficiently organized and clear of debris?


Observations:

36FIRE EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROGRAM

Fire Emergency Response Plan



TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction and Purposex

2.0 Policy Statement........................................................................................

3.0 Elements of the Action Plan........................................................................

4.0 Facility Emergency Coodinator....................................................................

Duties.............................................................................................................................

Review and Availability of the plan.................................................................................

5.0 Responsibilities..........................................................................................

All Employees.................................................................................................................

Supervisors and Department Managers..........................................................................

Management...................................................................................................................

Job Titles of Persons to Contact for Further Information..................................................

6.0 Alarm System............................................................................................

7.0 Preferred Means of Reporting a Fire Emergency..........................................

8.0 Evacuation Procedures...............................................................................

9.0 Accounting for Employees and Visitors........................................................

10.0 Employees Responsible to Reamin for Critical Operations..........................

11.0 Rescue and Medical Duties.......................................................................

12.0 Training...................................................................................................

13.0 Provisions for Dealing with Fire Emergencies.............................................

14.0 Appendices..............................................................................................

Evacuation Drill Evaluation Form....................................................................................

Employee Fire Emergeny Action Plan Training................................................................



1.0 Introduction & Purpose

The purpose of this Fire Emergency Action Plan (EAP) is to assist employees, management, and the business in making quality decisions during times of crisis. It is designed to maximize the fire safety of employees, visitors, and property as well as to assist in ensuring the survivability of the business in the event of any unplanned fire emergency that could reasonably be expected in the work place.

The plan is intended to primarily address the evacuation procedures and safe actions during a fire emergency. “Company Name”. has developed a Fire Emergency Response Team whose members are trained to assist in managing a fire emergency.

2.0 Policy Statement

At “Company Name” we believe that everyone benefits from a safe and healthful work environment. We are committed to maintaining an injury-free and illness-free work place, and to complying with applicable laws and regulations governing work place safety.

To achieve this goal, we have instituted and administer a comprehensive and continuous Fire Emergency Action Plan for all employees. The purpose of this Fire Emergency Action Plan is to assist employees, management, and the business in making quality decisions during times of crisis. It is designed to maximize the safety of employees, visitors, and property as well as to assist in ensuring the survivability of the business in the event of any unplanned emergency that could reasonably be expected in the workplace. The health and safety of the individual employee, whether in the field, shop or office, takes precedence over all other concerns.



3.0 Elements of the Action Plan

This plan includes, but is not limited to the following elements:

A description of the alarm system Emergency escape procedures and any emergency escape route

assignments Procedure to account for all employees and visitors after the

evacuation has been completed Procedures for employees responsible for critical facility

operations prior to evacuation (if applicable) Rescue and medical duties for those employees who are to perform

them The preferred means of reporting fires The job titles of persons who can be contacted for further

information or explanation of duties under the plan Provisions for media contact Responsibilities and Employee training Review and availability of the plan



4.0 Facility Emergency Coordinator

The Facility Emergency Coordinator is the person designated in the Fire Emergency Response Plan as the person responsible for coordinating all of the emergency response measures at the facility. He/she is responsible for serving as liaison with the local emergency response personnel during an incident. Either he/she or his/her alternate must be available on a 24-hr basis.

Insert individual’s name and title here along with “Company Name”..

DutiesThe Facility Emergency Coordinator duties include:

1. Familiarity with the site, its layout, operations, and emergency response plan

2. The authority to commit resources

3. Activates internal alarms to alert facility personnel of an actual or impending emergency

4. Notifies external emergency response forces when their assistance is required

5. Provides immediate information of discharged material and assessment of the possible hazards to human health and the environment outside the facility and the transmittal of the assessment to the appropriate authorities

6. Takes all reasonable measures to insure that the affected area does not spread to other areas

7. If the facility shuts down, the Emergency Coordinator maintains surveillance on other areas to ensure that they are not affected

8. After the emergency is over, the Emergency Coordinator provides for clean-up, treatment and disposal of affected materials and ensure that no hazardous materials are discharged.

9. Prior to resuming operations, the Emergency Coordinator submits all required reports to the appropriate authorities within the specified time frame.

10. The Emergency Coordinator is responsible for pre-emergency contacts with emergency services to familiarize them with the layout of the facility, nature of operations, and the type of hazardous material handled.



11. Identifies and evaluates potential emergencies which may require personnel evacuations

12. Establishes and/or reviews procedures for emergencies

13. Establishes escape routes and safe assembly points

14. Ensures that employees receive training on this program and that the training is current

15. Ensures compliance with the safe and healthy work practices as specified in this plan

16. Ensures that records on training, inspections of alarm systems and fire suppression equipment, and corrective measures, as necessary, are properly maintained as required by this plan and by our Injury and Illness Prevention Program

REVIEW AND AVAILABILITY OF THE EAP

In addition to the aforementioned outlined responsibilities, the Program Administrator/Emergency Coordinator has committed to the requirements of this Emergency Action Plan by documenting in writing his/her agreement and commitment to do so.

The Program Administrator/Emergency Coordinator completes a documented review of the plan on an annual basis or whenever a need arises to revise the plan. As part of the annual review he/she also ensures that an inventory of emergency supplies is on hand and replaces them as necessary.

The written Emergency Action Plan is located in the Facilities office and copies are available to employees or agencies upon request.



5.0 Responsibilities

At “Company Name”. all employees are expected to work conscientiously to implement and maintain the Emergency Action Plan. The Program Administrator has the authority and responsibility for implementing the provisions of this program. Any questions regarding the program are directed to the Program Administrator.

Responsibilities under the plan are assigned as follows:

All Employees

To be familiar with the provisions of this plan To know the location of the nearest exit from his/her work area To know the location of the evacuation maps Assist in ensuring that others (non-employees) also evacuate Are to move in a rapid orderly fashion to and through the

nearest exit and proceed to the Safe Area

Supervisors and Department Managers

To assist in swiftly moving employees to the Safe Area To provide assistance to handicapped or impaired individuals To check rooms and/or enclosed areas or spaces where employees

could be trapped or unable to evacuate, or did not hear the alarm or order to evacuate

Complete a headcount

Management

Ensures that the Emergency Evacuation Plan is current Provides employee training Schedules at a minimum, twice yearly documented evacuation drills Determines that all persons on-site have been accounted for

following an evacuation Serves as contact for the media and emergency services personnel Has the authority to determine when and if it is safe to re-enter the

facility

NOTE: Any employee who violates the safe work practices as outlined in this document is subject to disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment



Job Titles of Persons to Contact for Further Information

The following is a list of job titles of persons who can be contacted for further information or explanation of the duties under the EAP plan:

Insert job title and person’s name here



6.0 Alarm SystemThe current emergency/evacuation alarm systems at “Company Name”. consist of the following:

List all forms here:Employees may use any or all of these venues during an emergency situation, as theCompany's contention is that if there is doubt about whether or not to evacuate, the facility is to be evacuated.



7.0 Preferred Means of Reporting a Fire Emergency

Emergencies are to be reported promptly. One should use one of the following methods of reporting, whichever will produce the quickest and most effective response:

Call the emergency telephone numbers posted at the jobsite. CALL 911. Call or otherwise notify the Emergency Coordinator or his/her

designee. Utilize any of the appropriate methods as outlined in the previous

section, Alarm System.

If emergency services are needed, 911 can be dialed by any employee to summon these services. It is preferable that 911 be dialed from a land line or house telephone (including the public pay telephones) and not a cellular telephone whenever possible so that the call can be more easily traced and responded to via the emergency services' computer system.

The employee who dialed 911 is to notify a Supervisor immediately so that the Supervisor or Emergency Coordinator can activate the alarm system if it has not already been activated.



8.0 Evacuation Procedures

Safe, timely, and orderly evacuation is of the utmost importance.

Conspicuously placed evacuation maps (see Appendices) indicating exit routes are posted throughout the facility. In addition, it is imperative that everyone be accounted for via a physical headcount.

When the alarm is activated or an evacuation ordered, the following process takes place:

1. The Emergency Response Team member (or his/her pre-designated appointee) proceeds immediately to the evacuation staging area located in the parking lot (see maps) to guide emergency vehicles into the facility and toward the location of the emergency. After emergency services have been guided onto the site, the Emergency Response Team member proceeds immediately to the Evacuation Staging Area so that he/she can be included in the headcount.

2. Every employee is to immediately engage the emergency ("E" Stop) button, if applicable, or otherwise turn off, shut down or stop the operation of any critical equipment.

3. Every employee is to then immediately, quickly, quietly, and calmly proceed to the nearest exit, exit the building, and proceed directly to the Evacuation Staging Area.

4. Employees are to instruct any visitors, contractors, vendors, truck drivers, or other non-employees to follow the employees out of the building and come to the designated Evacuation Staging Area.

5. As the evacuation proceeds, a Manager or Supervisor from each area is to check rooms or areas to ensure that everyone has left particularly those needing assistance or those who may not have heard the alarm or evacuation announcement.

6. Employees are to gather near co-workers from their department in the Evacuation Staging Area to complete a headcount and await further instructions.



NOTE:

Employees are NOT to leave the property!

NO SMOKING material is to be ignited during the evacuation

Employees are not to congregate near exit doors

Cellular telephones are NOT to be used in the Evacuation Staging Area without the approval of the Senior On-site Manager or the Emergency Coordinator

After an evacuation drill, there is immediately a meeting with the Emergency Coordinator, Safety Committee, Emergency Response Team Members, and the Senior On-Site Manager to review the completed Practice Drill Evaluation Form. This group will discuss the drill as to what went well and what aspects of the process need changing or improving, if any.



9.0 Accounting for Employees and Visitors

It is imperative that everyone be accounted for via a headcount. Once at the designated Evacuation Staging Area, the following procedures are followed in order to account for employees and visitors:

Each department Manager or Supervisor (or his/her pre-designated appointee) will rapidly complete a headcount of his/her employees and report the results to the Emergency Coordinator or Senior On-Site Manager (or his/her pre-designated appointee).

The Receptionist (or his/her pre-designated appointee) is to take the Visitor Sign-In Log to the Evacuation Staging Area so that a headcount of all visitors to the facility can be completed and the results reported to the Emergency Coordinator or Senior On-site Manager.

In the event there are any unaccounted-for persons, the Manager/Supervisor will immediately determine if the employee is present at another area. If the person still cannot be located, the Manager/Supervisor will immediately report this information to the Emergency Coordinator or Senior On-Site Manager so that a determination as to whether or not a search and rescue effort needs to be conducted.

The Emergency Coordinator or Senior On-site Manager immediately confirms whether or not 911 has been contacted and if not, he/she will instruct someone to do so.

The Emergency Coordinator or Senior On-site Manager is the only person who has the authority to decide when and if re-entry into the building is permitted. Until he/she makes an announcement of this decision, no one is to re-enter the building for any reason.



10.0 Employees Responsible to Remain for Critical Operations

Operations which cannot be immediately shut down or which must remain in operation and require the ongoing presence of operational personnel must be handled separately due to their uniqueness and the potential for personnel risk.

Personnel who are assigned to such operations are to be protected during the emergency. Personnel who work on these operation(s) are:

Closely monitored for their safety during the evacuation by a designated person.

Remain in visual or audible contact {or other acceptable methods of communication) with a designated person at all times.

Follow any other relevant provisions. As soon as reasonably possible, personnel assigned to critical operations

are to evacuate to the Evacuation Staging Area.

11.0 Rescue and Medical DutiesEmployees are not required to perform any rescue or medical duties. However, those employees trained in CPR and First Aid are allowed to perform emergency medical assistance if they desire to do so.

First aid kits are available throughout the facility or on each job site. The content of kits will, at a minimum, meet the requirements established in TB CCR 1512.

Outside emergency response services {i.e., 911) are the primary source of emergency medical treatment. Depending upon the circumstances, emergency and non-emergency medical services may also be obtained.



12.0 Training

The management of “Company Name”. regularly schedules employee meetings where work place safety conditions are freely and openly discussed by all present. Such meetings are announced to all employees to ensure maximum participation. The Emergency Action Training Document is used to document this training.

Documented training of employees occurs when the plan was created, initially during orientation, whenever employee responsibilities or designated actions under the plan change, and whenever the plan is changed.

Training includes but is not limited to:

A review of the plans provisions Reporting emergencies and contacting emergency services Evacuating the facility in a rapid, calm, orderly fashion Avoid congregating close to the building or near exit doors or

windows Providing assistance and notification to non-employees or to those

needing assistance A review and location of evacuation maps and routes Knowledge that ALL visitors to the plant (contractors, vendors,

off-duty employees, service personnel, and etc.) must sign In and Out in the Visitors' Log at the reception area

Participate in documented evacuation drills to ensure understanding of the evacuation procedures



13.0 Provisions for Dealing with Fire Emergencies

Employees who are trained in the use of portable fire extinguishers are to use them to extinguish small incipient fires.

After extinguishing the fire, the employee is to immediately report the incident to a Supervisor so that an investigation can be completed and the extinguisher recharged or replaced.

If there is a large or major fire, the emergency evacuation alarm system is to be activated.

If possible, the affected area is to be sealed off by closing entrance doors to the area.

Employees are to turn off or shut down equipment and immediately evacuate the building.

If there is a large amount of smoke, employees should drop to the floor and crawl to the nearest exit

Employees should feel for heat with the back of one hand before opening any closed door during a fire

Should an employee's clothes catch on fire, the employee should NOT run as this supplies more oxygen to the fire. The employee should STOP, DROP, and ROLL to extinguish the fire.



13.0 APPENDICES

Evacuation Drill Evaluation Form

Employee Training Form



“Company Name”.

Date: Time Evacuation Order Given:

_________AM _________PM

Time Headcount Completed:

_________AM _______PM

Total Elapsed Time:

_____________Minutes

What went well and according to plan?

What needs to be improved or changed, or what did not go according to plan?

Name of Evaluator Signature of Evaluator

________________________________ _______________________________________


EVACUATION DRILL EVALUATION FORM


Original Flied with Written Emergency Action Plan I Copy to the Safety Committee for Review



“Company Name”

Name: Job Title: Training Date:

Training Conducted By: Trainer's Title or Affiliation:

Subjects Covered: A review of the plan's provisions Reporting emergencies and contacting emergency services Evacuating the facility in a rapid, calm, quiet, orderly fashion Avoid congregating close to the building or near exit doors or windows Provide assistance and notification to non-employees or to those needing

assistance A review and location of the EAP, evacuation maps and routes Knowledge that ALL visitors to the facility (contractors, vendors, off-duty

employees, service personnel, and etc.) must sign in and sign out in the Visitor's Log

Participate in documented evacuation drills to ensure understanding of the evacuation procedures

Interaction with the media Review of what NOT to do during an evacuation (no smoking, no cell

phones, and etc.) Review of dealing with specific fire emergency situations:

Employee:_______________________________________ Date:___________


EMPLOYEE FIRE EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN TRAINING


1.2 Evacuation Plan


60


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