the philippine executive

7/31/2019 The Philippine Executive

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The Executive


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Chief ExecutiveHead of State

Commander in Chief of the AFP

President


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Can appoint the heads of the executive departments,

ambassadors, officers from the rank of colonel and naval

captain and other public ministers and officials.

Can approve the appointments of the members of the

judiciary

Controls all the executive departments, bureaus and offices

As commander in chief of all armed forces in the Philippines,

can call out the armed forces to prevent or suppress lawlessviolence, invasion or rebellion

Powers of the President


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Can suspend the writ of habeas corpus or placeany part of the country under martial law for aperiod not exceeding 60 days in case of rebellionor invasion

Can grant reprieves, commutation, pardon, andamnesty

Can contract or guarantee loans

Can veto enactments and call special sessions ofthe congress



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Can deport foreigners or change the status of

non immigrant

Can reserve any land of public domain forsettlement or public sale



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Cannot appoint his or her spouse and relatives byconsanguinity or affinity within the fourth civildegree as members of the constitutionalcommissions and as heads of department and

civil bureaus during his tenure

What the President Cannot Do


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What the President Cannot Do

Cannot hold any other office, practice other

professions, and hold business during his tenure

Cannot make any appointments two monthsbefore the next presidential elections, except in

cases where vacancies can endanger publicsafety


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A natural born citizen of the PhilippinesA registered voter

Able to read and writeAt least 40 years old on the election dayA resident of the Philippines for at least 10 yearsimmediately preceding the election

IN REALITY ONE IS SAID TO NEED AT LEAST3 BILLION PESOS TO RUN

Qualifications


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Official residence is the MALACANANG Palacebut some president choose other residences

Aquino, Ramos Arlegui House

Estrada Presidential Guesthouse

Arroyo Malacanang Palace

Residence


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Aquino, Estrada Presidential GuesthouseRamos - New Executive Building

Arroyo Malacanang Palace

The Presidents Office


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Is elected by direct vote of the people in a regularelection held on the second Monday of May

Starts at noon on June 30 and ends at noon onJune 30 six years after

Is not eligible for reelection

Term


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Removal

Can be removed from office on impeachment forand conviction of

Culpable violation of the constitution

Treason

Bribery

Graft and Corruption Other high crimes

Betrayal of public trust


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In case of death, permanent disability, removal

from office, and resignation of the President, theVice President or in case of his or her inability,

the Senate President or in case of his or her

inability, the Speaker shall become the

President to serve the entire term.


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Office of the

President


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The Executive Secretary

Implements presidential directives, orders, anddecisions

Exercises primary authority to sign papers and

attest executive orders and other presidential

issuance

Decides for and on behalf of the presidentmatters not requiring personal presidential

attention


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Exercises supervision and control over variousunits and agencies under the Office of thePresident

Appoints officials and employees in the Office of

the President whose appointments are not vested

in the president

Provides overall coordination in the operation of

the executive office


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Has administrative responsibility for matters in

the office of the president coming from variousgovernment departments and agencies

Determines the appropriate assignment of offices

Is also known as the little president


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Its power grew from its inception from theCommonwealth Period up to the Marcos Era, thatRafael Salas, Marcos first executive secretary,

describes its powers as being comparable to thatof a prime minister

Its effectiveness depends on the Presidents trust

Its authority and responsibilities have beenmodified from one presidency to another


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Chief of Staff

Manages the day to day schedule of thePresident

Provides the President with strategic planning

functions

Coordinates the policy formulation process at the

Presidents level

Ensures the monitoring and evaluation of

government programs and policies


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Chief of Staff

Ensures greater participation of the citizenry

Oversees the following:

Appointments Office Office of the Presidential Assistant for

Socials Office of Protocol Affairs Correspondence Affairs Internal House Affairs Office (Abolished in

February 2008)


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Chief Presidential Legal Counsel

Gives legal advice to the President when requiredCan be very influential depending on his or her

relationship with the President


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Private Office

APPOINTMENTS OFFICE provides overallsupervision in the implementation of schedule ofappointments or social functions approved by thePresident

OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENTIAL ASSISTANT

FOR SOCIALS attends to the detail andamenities that goes with any social activity of thePresident like meals and entertainment


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Private Office

OFFICE OF PROTOCOL AFFAIRS supervisesthe conduct of ceremonies of state, international,and national celebrations. Also handles thePresidents state visits and attends to distinguishforeign visitors

CORRESPONDENCE AFFAIRS handles thePresidents official and nonofficial correspondenceand provides the President feedbacks on issues


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Private Office

INTERNAL HOUSE AFFAIRS OFFICEsupervises the maintenance, cleanliness,

repair, and preservation of assets and

properties of the Malacanang Palace


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Common Staff Support System

PRESIDENTIAL MANAGEMENT STAFFgives the President comprehensive and

accurate information for use in presidential

decision making


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GENERAL GOVERNMENT

ADMINISTRATION STAFF provideslegal service, administrative services, staff

work on political and legislative matters,

assistance to the public, measures to

resolve complaints of government officials


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INTERNATIONAL ADMINISTRATIVESTAFF renders auxiliary and support

services for the internal administration of

the Office of the President


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Paper Flow

All letters and correspondences are

first received by the Records Office

and then are logged into the Data

Tracking System


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Ordinance Powers

EXECUTIVE ORDERS acts providing for rulesof a permanent character in executing

constitutional powersPROCLAMATIONS acts of President fixing adate or declaring a status or condition of public

interest

ADMINISTRATIVE ORDERS acts related toparticular aspects of governmental operations


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Ordinance Powers

MEMORANDUM ORDERS acts on matters ofadministrative detail or of temporary interest that

only concerns a particular government office

GENERAL OR SPECIAL ORDERS acts andcommands of the President in his capacity as

commander in chief


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The Cabinet

Consists of 40 members that include the

department secretaries and officials

without portfolio but carry Cabinet rank likethe AFP Chief of Staff, HUDCC Chairman,

National Security Adviser, Presidential

Adviser on the Peace Process, National

Anti Poverty Commission Lead Convenor,

etc.


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Cabinet meeting schedules depends on thePresident

Ramos weekly

Estrada irregular

Arroyo - monthly


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The Shadow/ Kitchen Cabinet

Informal network of relatives, friends,associates and experts that Presidents turn

to for advise

Aquino Kamaganak Inc.Ramos Various military men

Estrada Midnight Cabinet, Various

Chinese-Filipino businessmenArroyo "The Firm", Various Family

members

Presidential Advisers and


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Presidential Advisers and

Assistants

Notorious symbol of patronageUsed to reward political contributors andaccommodate those who cannot be on the CabinetNumbered 60 during the Ramos administration andreached 200 during the Estrada AdministrationSome of the titles are ridiculous like the PresidentialAssistant to the Presidential Adviser on Computer

EducationUsed by Arroyo to get rid of officials but still retainthem as political allies


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The President and

Other Sectors


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The President and the Bureaucracy

The President has the power to appoint membersof the bureaucracy

The President has the power to appoint people to3175 career executive positions in variousgovernment agencies and departments and 2488

positions in government owned and controlledcorporations


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The President and the Bureaucracy

Because many of the best positions in the civilservice are subject to the presidents whims,efforts to form a professional corps of civilservants are usually frustrated

The President uses its appointing powers as aform of patronage

Every President has appointed someone to aposition not because of his or her competence butdue to his or her connections


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The President and the Military

The President uses the military to quell various coups andrebellions such as the 2003 Oakwood Mutiny and the RAMcoups

As military support can break or make ones administration,the President always try to woo the military by giving thempositions during their stay in the military and after theirretirement

An example of this the revolving door policy of AFP Chief ofStaff under Arroyo and the appointment of various militarymen like General Angelo Reyes to government positions afterhis term

Th P id d h Mili


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The President and the Military

The advisory body of the President on all mattersconcerning national security is the NationalSecurity Council

During the Estrada Administration, nationalsecurity was the call of military and defenseofficials

Arroyo relied more on the Cabinet OversightCommittee on Internal Security

Th P id d h L i l i


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The President and the Legislative

A mechanism to coordinate executivedevelopment planning and congressionalbudgeting is the Legislative Executive AdvisoryCouncil

Another way the President can get thecooperation of the Congress is through thePresidents line-item veto and power overdisbursements

Th P id t d th L i l ti


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The President and the Legislative

The members of the Congress could not get theirpork barrel without the President disbursing them

Other ways the President can get the cooperationof the Congress is through the power to approveof contracts, the power to intervene in business

disputes and the power to craft policies that favorssome business and put others at a disadvantage

Th P id t d th P


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The President and the Press

Every President has their own style on dealingwith the press

Magsaysay and Marcos actively courted the favor

of press people, Marcos even appointed a numberof newsman in government positions beforedeclaring Martial Law

Aquino was known to shunned and ignoredjournalist even if she is known to be the one whorestored press freedom

Th P id t d th P


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The President and the Press

Ramos was the opposite of Aquino when it comes todealing with the press. He always held weekly pressconferences at the Malacanang Palace

Estrada knew the power of media but has a lowregard for it. He said that the media was for sale andall one needed to do to get good publicity was to pay

Arroyo has an efficient communication team andeven her own weekly radio and TV program, but wasdiscontinued when rating show that she is not gettingany following

the philippine executive

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